Advances of the studies on Late Cretaceous vertebrate fauna from Luanchuan in Henan Province
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摘要:
栾川地区脊椎动物化石赋存在上白垩统秋扒组的中下部，时代可能为坎潘期晚期，以小型兽脚类恐龙骨骼为主。化石点大多分布在潭头盆地北部边缘2 km的范围，搬运距离不远。栾川动物群的化石组合包括至少8种恐龙（其中已命名6种）、2种蜥蜴类、2种哺乳类及数量众多的恐龙蛋等，代表一典型晚白垩世动物群，称为栾川动物群。栾川动物群与中国南方的赣州盆地和蒙古Nemegt盆地晚白垩世恐龙动物群具有很高的相似性，均以兽脚类恐龙为主，兼有其他脊椎动物组合。栾川动物群的研究对了解东亚晚白垩世恐龙动物群的生态面貌、恐龙多样性演化，以及环境变化对恐龙迁徙和灭绝的影响等具有重要意义。
Abstract:Vertebrate fossils from the Luanchuan area in Henan Province, dominated by small theropods, are mainly from the Late Cretaceous Qiupa Formation(Campanian). Most of the fossil sites are distributed within 2 km in the northern margin of Tantou Basin, and the transport distance is not far. Vertebrate assemblage includes at least 8 dinosaurs(with 6 named dinosaurs), 2 lizards, 2 mammals and abundant dinosaur eggs/eggshells, and it represents a distinct Late Cretaceous fauna named as "Luanchuan Fauna". Luanchuan Fauna is similar to those of the Late Cretaceous dinosaur faunae from the Ganzhou Basin and Nemegt Basin, which are all represented by theropod dinosaurs along with other vertebrate animals. Luanchuan Fauna is of great significance for understanding the ecological features of the Late Cretaceous dinosaur faunae in East Asia, the dinosaur evolution and diversity, and the impact of environment changes on the dinosaur migration and extinction.
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Key words:
- Late Cretaceous /
- Qiupa Formation /
- Luanchuan /
- theropods /
- vertebrate assemblage
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表 1 晚白垩世栾川动物群脊椎动物化石组合
Table 1. Vertebrate assemblage from the Late Cretaceous Luanchuan Fauna
大类 亚类 科 属种 恐龙类
Dinosauria兽脚类
Theropoda驰龙科Dromaeosauridae 河南栾川盗龙[37]
Luanchuanraptor henanensis似鸟龙科Ornithomimidae 河南秋扒龙[38]
Qiupalong henanensis窃蛋龙科Oviraptoridae 迷你豫龙[39]
Yulong mini阿尔瓦兹龙科Alvarezsauridae 张氏秋扒爪龙[15]
Qiupanykus zhangi暴龙科Tyrannosauridae 栾川霸王龙[6]
Tyrannosaurus luanchuanensis蜥脚类
Sauropoda未定 来自化石的观察 甲龙类
Ankylosauria未定 未定[14] 鸟脚类
Ornithopoda原角龙科(?)Protoceratopsidae(?) 来自化石观察 有鳞类
Squamata蜥蜴类
LacertiformesBoreoteiioidea 郑氏天宇蜥[40]
Tianyusaurus zhengi栾川伏牛蜥[41]
Funiusaurus luanchuanensis龟鳖类
Testudines未定 未定 来自化石观察 哺乳类
Mammalia多瘤齿兽类
Multituberculata白垩齿兽科Cimolodonta 中原豫俊兽[42]
Yubaatar zhongyuanensis三角齿兽类
Deltatheroida三角齿兽科Deltatheridiidae 孟氏洛阳袋兽[43]
Lotheridium mengi
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表 2 栾川动物群与中国赣州、巴音满都呼和Nemegt盆地动物群的脊椎动物组合对比
Table 2. Comparison of vertebrate assemblages between Luanchuan Fauna and those from Ganzhou, Bayan Mandahu in China and Nemegt Basin in Mongolia
大类 亚类 科 栾川动物群 赣州动物群 巴音满都呼动物群 蒙古Nemegt盆地 Baruungoyot
组动物群Nemegt
组动物群恐龙类 蜥脚类 * * * — * 兽脚类 驰龙科 * — * ** * 伤齿龙科 — — * — ** 窃蛋龙科 * **** ** * **** 似鸟龙科 * — — — ** 阿尔瓦兹龙科 * — * — ** 镰刀龙科 *(?) — — — * 霸王龙科 * * * — ** 鸭嘴龙类 — — * — * 角龙类 *(?) — **** ** — 甲龙类 * — **** ** * 肿头龙类 — — * * 两栖类 无尾类 — — — * * 龟鳖类 *(?) * * ** ** 有鳞类 * * **** **** *** 鳄类 — — * — * 鸟类 * — — * * 哺乳类 后兽类 * — ** *** * 猬类 — — — * — 恐龙蛋/皮 ** ** ** ** ** 注：*：1~2种；**：3~4种；***：5~6种；****：7种或以上；?：疑似；—：未见
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