澳大利亚兰杰一号铀矿之生命周期：地质、资源、生产与修复

林子瑜; 聂逢君; 张士红; 徐翅翔; 余倩

澳大利亚兰杰一号铀矿之生命周期：地质、资源、生产与修复

1.
东华理工大学, 江西抚州 344000

2.
中国地质科学院, 北京 100037

3.
中国地质大学(北京), 北京 100083

基金项目:
中国核工业地质局项目《铀资源大数据分析与找矿战略研究》（编号：201928-3）

详细信息

作者简介: 林子瑜(1962-), 男, 教授, 从事铀矿地质与地学信息研究。E-mail:519754018@qq.com

通讯作者: 聂逢君(1962-), 男, 教授, 博士, 从事沉积盆地分析与铀矿成矿找矿研究。E-mail:niefj@263.net

中图分类号: P619.14

收稿日期: 2019-05-26

修回日期: 2019-07-30

刊出日期: 2019-11-15

The life of Ranger 1 uranium mine in Australia: Geology, resources, production and rehabilitation

1.
East China University of Technology, Fuzhou 344000, Jiangxi, China

2.
Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences, Beijing 100037, China

3.
China University of Geosciences(Beijing), Beijing 100083, China

More Information

Corresponding author: NIE Fengjun, niefj@263.net

Received Date: 26 May 2019

Revised Date: 30 July 2019

Publish Date: 15 November 2019

摘要

摘要:
兰杰一号铀矿及其所属的鳄鱼河铀矿田产于北澳太古宙克拉通内古元古代裂谷背景下发展起来的松溪造山带，矿体产于新太古代-古元古代结晶-变质基底/晚古元古代-中元古代康博尔吉红层建造不整合界面之下，铀矿化分3个时代，U₁为1720~1680Ma，U₂为1420~1040Ma，U₃为474±6Ma，U₁是主矿化时代。该矿床于1969年后期通过航空放射性测量被发现，1970's经勘探圈定了No.1和No.3两个铀矿体，总计资源储量124681t@0.23% U₃O₈。1980年10月正式露采，至2018年12月，总计生产了128739t U₃O₈。1985财年开始，ERA（澳大利亚能源资源有限责任公司）向世界核能市场共计销售了产于兰杰铀矿的119882t U₃O₈。2009年，发现了No.3深部矿，探明资源储量为43857t@0.22% U₃O₈，这部分资源将以地下开采方式利用。预计到2026年，采区地貌景观和生态环境将得到恢复。进一步讨论了澳北元古宙不整合面型铀矿找矿的方向，持续稳定的铀矿开采与生产的意义，以及投资澳大利亚铀矿业需要注意的政治与法律问题。这些内容可以为国内矿业企业及地勘单位合理部署澳洲铀矿勘查与开发提供参考。
- 兰杰铀矿 /
- 元古宙不整合面型 /
- 核燃料 /
- 铀生产 /
- 环境修复
Abstract:
The tectonic setting of Ranger uranium deposit, also ARUF, is Pine Creek orogen, which was developed from the Paleoproterozoic rift in the Archean craton of North Australia. The orebodies lie under the interface between the Neoarchaean-Paleoproterozoic crystallization-metamorphic basement and Late Paleo-Mesoproterozoic Kombolgie red bed formations. There are three epochs of uranium mineralization, which are U1:1720~1680Ma, U2:1420~1040Ma and U3:474±6Ma. U1 is the main mineralization epoch.The deposit was discovered by aerial radioactivity survey in late 1969. No. 1 and No. 3 orebodies were delineated by exploration in the 1970's, with a total resource of 124681t@0.23% U₃O₈. From October 1980 to December 2018, a total of 128739t U₃O₈ was produced by open-pit mining. Since fiscal year 1985, ERA has sold 119882t U₃O₈ from Ranger uranium mine to the nuclear energy market in the world. In 2009, No. 3 deep orebody was discovered, with reserves of 43857t@0.22% U₃O₈, which will be exploited by underground mining. It is expected that the geomorphological landscape and ecological environment of the mining area will be restored by 2026.This paper further discusses the prospecting direction of Proterozoic unconformity uranium deposits in northern Australia, the significance of sustained and stable uranium mining and production, and the political and legal issues that need attention in investing in Australian uranium mining. These contents can provide references for China's mining enterprises and geological exploration units to rationally deploy Australian uranium exploration and development.
- Ranger uranium mine /
- Proterozoic unconformity /
- nuclear fuel /
- uranium production /
- environmental rehabilitation

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图 1 兰杰铀矿位置^①

Figure 1.

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图 2 松溪造山带区域地质图^[4]

Figure 2.

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图 3 兰杰铀矿区域—矿区—矿体尺度岩石地层^[20]

Figure 3.

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图 4 兰杰铀矿No.1和No.3矿体岩石地层和构造^[20]

Figure 4.

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图 5 兰杰铀矿1982—2012财年采矿量/剥采量统计图（数据据参考文献①）

Figure 5.

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图 6 兰杰铀矿1982—2018财年铀生产与销售量统计图（数据据参考文献①）

Figure 6.

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表 1 兰杰铀矿资源储量^①

Table 1. Resources list of Ranger uranium mine

矿体	资源储量类型	矿石量/10⁴t	品位/% U₃O₈	金属量/t U₃O₈	金属量/t U
No.1	探明的（proven)	15.56	0.336	52292	44344
	控制的（Probabale)	0.31	0.191	586	497
	小计	15.87	0.333	52878	44841
No.3	控制的（Probabale)	23.62	0.182	43100	36549
	推断的（Possible)	14.47	0.198	28703	24340
	小计	38.09	0.188	71803	60889
合计		53.96	0.231	124681	105730
注：No.1矿体边界品位0.1%，No.3矿体边界品位0.05%

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表 2 ERA股份结构^①

Table 2. List of ERA's share structure

级别	股东	股份/千股	占比/%
A类普通股	澳大利亚电锌公司（EZ)	125000	30.49
	Peko-Wallsend公司	125000	30.49
	澳大利亚公众	57500	14.02
B类普通股	Rheinbraun澳大利亚公司	25625	6.25
	UG澳大利亚发展有限公司	16400	4.00
	Interuranium澳大利亚公司	15375	3.75
	OKG Aktiebolag	4100	1.00
C类普通股	日本澳铀资源开发有限公司	41000	10.00
合计		410000	100.00

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