西准噶尔北部塔斯特岩体辉长岩锆石U-Pb定年及其地质意义

孙万龙; 白建科; 彭素霞; 刘建朝; 邵博琪; 孟媛媛

西准噶尔北部塔斯特岩体辉长岩锆石U-Pb定年及其地质意义

1.
长安大学地球科学与资源学院, 陕西西安 710054

2.
中国地质调查局西安地质调查中心, 陕西西安 710054

基金项目:
中国地质调查局项目《阿尔泰成矿带喀纳斯和东准地区地质矿产调查项目》（编号：DD20160006）

详细信息

作者简介: 孙万龙(1992-), 男, 在读硕士生, 矿物学、岩石学、矿床学专业。E-mail:1271300757@qq.com

中图分类号: P588.12⁺4;P597⁺3

收稿日期: 2017-05-27

修回日期: 2017-10-20

刊出日期: 2018-03-25

Zircon U-Pb dating of Tasite gabbro in the north of West Junggar Basin and its geological implications

1.
School of Earth Science and Resources, Chang'an University, Xi'an 710054, Shaanxi, China

2.
Xi'an Center of China Geological Survey, Xi'an 710054, Shaanxi, China

Received Date: 27 May 2017

Revised Date: 20 October 2017

Publish Date: 25 March 2018

摘要

摘要:
西准噶尔北部萨吾尔地区晚古生代火山岩浆作用强烈，其形成构造环境一直是争议的焦点。塔斯特岩体作为区内最重要的复式岩体，主要由辉长岩、花岗闪长岩、二长花岗岩和钾长花岗岩组成，对其中的辉长岩进行LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb定年，²⁰⁶Pb/²³⁸U年龄加权平均值为345.3±2.3Ma（MSWD=1.8），说明塔斯特岩体形成于早石炭世中期。岩石地球化学特征显示，样品里特曼指数δ平均值为3.04，A/CNK（0.76~0.85） < 1.1，属于准铝质钙碱性岩石，岩石富集大离子亲石元素，而高场强元素和重稀土元素相对亏损，无明显的Eu异常，与西准噶尔地区后碰撞花岗岩类地球化学特征相似。综合研究认为，该辉长岩形成于后碰撞构造环境，可能是后碰撞阶段挤压-伸展转变期的产物。塔斯特辉长岩年龄是目前西准噶尔地区最老的后碰撞岩浆岩锆石年龄，表明西准噶尔地区在早石炭世中期已处于后碰撞构造环境，为西准噶尔地区后碰撞构造-岩浆演化下限的厘定提供了新的证据。
- 塔斯特岩体 /
- 辉长岩 /
- 锆石U-Pb定年 /
- 早石炭世中期 /
- 后碰撞
Abstract:
The intrusions and volcanic rocks formed in Late Paleozoic are widespread in Sawuer area, the north of West Junggar, but the forming environment has been controversial. The Tasite pluton is an important multiple granitic intrusion which consists of gabbro, granodiorite, monzonite granite, K-feldspar granite and some other rocks. According to U-Pb age analysis, the formation age of the gabbro from the Tasite pluton is 345.3±2.3 Ma, suggesting the middle stage of Early Carboniferous. The geochemical studies indicate that the average of δ is 3.04, A/CNK ratios(0.76~0.85) is lower than 1.1, which belongs to papa-aluminum and calc-alkali rocks. This pluton is enriched in LILE (Rb, Sr, Ba, U, K), depleted in HFSE (Nb, Ta, T, Zr, Hf) and HREE (Yb, Y), with no Eu anomalies, which is similar to features of post-collisional magmatic rocks in West Junggar. It can be deduced that the gabbro might have formed in the extrusion to extension stage of the post-collisional period. The zircon U-Pb age of the Tasite pluton in this paper is the oldest age of post-collisional magmatic rocks in Junggar reported so far, thus providing a new evidence for confining the beginning time of post-collisional period in West Junggar.
- Tasite pluton /
- gabbro /
- zircon U-Pb dating /
- the middle stage of Early Carboniferous /
- post-collisional

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图 1 新疆西准噶尔北部萨吾尔地区地质简图（据参考文献[2-4]修改）

Figure 1.

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图图版Ⅰ

Figure 图版Ⅰ.

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图 2 锆石阴极发光图像（圆圈为分析点位置）

Figure 2.

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图 3 锆石U-Pb年龄谐和图(a)和锆石年龄加权平均值(b)

Figure 3.

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图 4 塔斯特岩体Nb/Y-Zr/TiO₂岩石分类图(a) (据参考文献[31])和SiO₂-K₂O图(b)

Figure 4.

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图 5 塔斯特岩体主量元素Harker图解

Figure 5.

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图 6 塔斯特岩体球粒陨石标准化稀土元素配分型式(a)和原始地幔标准化微量元素蜘蛛网图(b)(标准化值根据参考文献[30])

Figure 6.

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图 7 塔斯特辉长岩Ta/Yb-Ce/Yb(a，据参考文献[33])和La-La/Sm图解(b)

Figure 7.

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图 8 塔斯特辉长岩构造环境判别图解(据参考文献[41-43])

Figure 8.

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表 1 萨吾尔山塔斯特岩体中辉长岩锆石U-Th-Pb同位数分析数据

Table 1. Zircon U-Th-Pb isotopic data for Tasite pluton in Sawuer area

测试点	Pb	²³²Th	²³⁸U	Th/U	²⁰⁷Pb/²⁰⁶Pb		²⁰⁷Pb/²³⁵U		_Pb/²⁰⁶_U²³⁸		²⁰⁸Pb/²³²Th		²⁰⁶Pb/²³⁸U
测试点	10^-6			Th/U	比值	1σ	比值	1σ	比值	1σ	比值	1σ	年龄/Ma	1σ
044CB02	25	472	296	1.59	0.0529	0.0008	0.407	0.007	0.0558	0.0007	0.0159	0.0003	350	4
046CB04	22	441	249	1.77	0.0539	0.0009	0.406	0.007	0.0547	0.0007	0.0167	0.0003	343	4
047CB05	34	689	404	1.71	0.0540	0.0008	0.407	0.006	0.0546	0.0007	0.0160	0.0003	343	4
048CB06	18	321	217	1.48	0.0545	0.0009	0.408	0.007	0.0543	0.0007	0.0155	0.0003	341	4
052CB07	16	274	192	1.43	0.0541	0.0010	0.412	0.007	0.0553	0.0007	0.0165	0.0004	347	4
053CB08	8	86	108	0.80	0.0522	0.0013	0.401	0.010	0.0557	0.0008	0.0173	0.0008	349	5
054CB09	14	216	184	1.18	0.0547	0.0011	0.411	0.008	0.0545	0.0007	0.0165	0.0005	342	4
055CB10	16	206	218	0.94	0.0530	0.0011	0.407	0.008	0.0557	0.0007	0.0180	0.0006	349	4
056CB11	11	152	154	0.99	0.0526	0.0031	0.403	0.023	0.0556	0.0012	0.0155	0.0017	349	7
057CB12	2	11	24	0.44	0.0535	0.0021	0.409	0.015	0.0556	0.0009	0.0169	0.0013	349	6
059CB13	39	830	428	1.94	0.0521	0.0008	0.399	0.006	0.0556	0.0007	0.0169	0.0003	349	4
060CB14	5	58	76	0.76	0.0526	0.0015	0.402	0.011	0.0554	0.0008	0.0168	0.0009	348	5
061CB15	9	123	130	0.95	0.0528	0.0012	0.403	0.009	0.0554	0.0007	0.0176	0.0006	348	4
062CB16	3	28	48	0.59	0.0532	0.0026	0.404	0.019	0.0551	0.0010	0.0167	0.0020	346	6
063CB17	6	52	82	0.63	0.0528	0.0039	0.405	0.028	0.0557	0.0015	0.0198	0.0027	349	9
064CB18	8	81	105	0.77	0.0523	0.0012	0.401	0.009	0.0558	0.0007	0.0175	0.0007	350	4
068CB19	5	51	68	0.75	0.0545	0.0038	0.413	0.027	0.0551	0.0014	0.0139	0.0021	346	8
069CB20	6	69	81	0.85	0.0547	0.0024	0.411	0.018	0.0545	0.0010	0.0161	0.0013	342	6
070CB21	12	148	157	0.94	0.0522	0.0019	0.399	0.014	0.0557	0.0009	0.0183	0.0011	349	5
071CB22	20	342	227	1.50	0.0529	0.0016	0.399	0.011	0.0547	0.0008	0.0159	0.0007	343	5
072CB23	26	440	334	1.32	0.0539	0.0009	0.409	0.007	0.0552	0.0007	0.0169	0.0004	346	4
073CB24	5	51	63	0.81	0.0543	0.0023	0.407	0.016	0.0544	0.0009	0.0201	0.0014	341	6
075CB25	15	230	190	1.21	0.0523	0.0011	0.399	0.008	0.0554	0.0007	0.0160	0.0005	347	4
076CB26	6	72	84	0.86	0.0522	0.0013	0.400	0.010	0.0556	0.0007	0.0167	0.0007	349	5
077CB27	14	213	164	1.30	0.0525	0.0017	0.408	0.013	0.0565	0.0008	0.0178	0.0009	354	5
078CB28	9	110	112	0.98	0.0530	0.0014	0.403	0.010	0.0553	0.0007	0.0172	0.0007	347	5
079CB29	6	79	90	0.87	0.0540	0.0021	0.408	0.015	0.0549	0.0009	0.0193	0.0013	344	5
080CB30	18	297	225	1.32	0.0526	0.0010	0.402	0.007	0.0556	0.0007	0.0168	0.0004	349	4

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表 2 萨吾尔山塔斯特辉长岩全岩主量、微量和稀土元素分析结果

Table 2. Major, trace and rare earth elements of Tasite pluton in sawuer area

样品号	14Jm-21h	14Jm-22h	14Jm-23h	14Jm-24h	14Jm-25h	14Jm-26h
SiO₂	54.88	53.25	51.44	50.63	49.74	53.40
TiO₂	0.63	0.65	0.98	1.16	1.22	0.66
Al₂O₃	18.54	18.24	17.63	17.11	16.96	18.24
Fe₂O₃	3.61	4.18	4.75	5.02	5.35	4.10
FeO	3.58	3.62	4.26	4.74	4.99	3.84
MnO	0.15	0.15	0.16	0.17	0.18	0.15
MgO	3.67	4.07	4.76	5.36	5.70	4.01
CaO	7.88	7.36	7.80	8.13	8.37	7.36
Na₂O	4.03	4.43	3.78	3.63	3.46	4.44
K₂O	0.82	1.49	2.01	1.66	1.31	1.54
P₂O₅	0.23	0.22	0.13	0.17	0.18	0.23
烧失量	1.95	2.28	2.28	2.20	2.52	2.03
总计	99.97	99.94	99.98	99.98	99.98	100.00
Mg^#	64.63	66.71	66.57	66.84	67.06	65.05
A/NK	2.47	1.98	2.10	2.20	2.39	2.03
A/CNK	0.85	0.79	0.78	0.76	0.76	0.82
K₂O+Na₂O	4.95	6.06	5.93	5.41	4.89	6.10
K₂O/Na₂O	0.20	0.34	0.53	0.46	0.38	0.35
TFe₂O₃	7.74	8.40	9.71	10.52	11.18	8.54
Cu	23.20	12.30	12.10	15.00	19.30	10.80
Pb	6.10	3.75	5.10	5.78	5.22	4.68
Zn	59.40	56.90	65.30	72.90	75.30	55.70
Cr	57.40	57.50	57.80	55.40	56.70	59.50
Ni	21.30	24.90	26.20	27.40	27.10	23.00
Co	21.30	22.50	28.10	31.20	33.50	22.10
Li	5.47	8.62	11.20	12.60	12.20	7.93
Rb	17.00	26.20	42.00	35.10	30.00	27.90
Cs	0.44	0.62	0.63	0.62	0.63	0.60
Mo	0.36	0.51	0.66	0.59	0.72	0.48
Sr	516.00	496.00	454.00	433.00	434.00	500.00
Ba	172.00	224.00	330.00	266.00	197.00	226.00
V	138.00	152.00	238.00	276.00	306.00	152.0
Sc	17.10	18.90	28.90	33.80	36.30	20.40
Nb	6.22	6.08	5.84	6.24	6.95	6.00
Ta	0.52	0.50	0.45	0.50	0.52	0.48
Zr	68.70	74.50	66.50	78.70	71.80	79.30
Hf	1.87	2.17	1.94	2.31	2.18	2.22
Ga	19.60	19.50	19.40	19.90	20.10	20.40
U	0.37	0.48	0.59	0.67	0.57	0.49
Th	1.04	1.24	1.00	1.05	0.98	1.20
La	11.50	11.30	9.83	11.30	10.80	11.20
Ce	25.10	25.10	22.10	25.20	24.80	25.20
Pr	3.24	3.37	2.91	3.27	3.31	3.42
Nd	13.90	13.60	12.60	13.80	14.20	14.90
Sm	2.94	3.03	2.89	3.39	3.52	3.16
Eu	0.98	1.03	1.02	1.17	1.18	1.06
Gd	2.72	2.98	2.90	3.31	3.60	3.06
Tb	0.42	0.46	0.45	0.53	0.56	0.50
Dy	2.56	2.81	2.76	3.20	3.47	2.98
Ho	0.53	0.56	0.54	0.63	0.70	0.59
Er	1.50	1.59	1.53	1.79	1.92	1.68
Tm	0.23	0.25	0.23	0.26	0.28	0.26
Yb	1.46	1.60	1.48	1.72	1.80	1.71
Lu	0.22	0.25	0.22	0.26	0.27	0.26
Y	15.40	16.60	15.60	17.70	19.20	16.60
ΣREE	67.3	67.93	61.46	69.83	70.41	69.98
LREE	57.66	57.43	51.35	58.13	57.81	58.94
HREE	9.64	10.50	10.11	11.70	12.60	11.04
LREE/HREE	5.98	5.47	5.08	4.97	4.59	5.34
La_N/Yb_N	5.65	5.07	4.76	4.71	4.30	4.70
δEu	1.04	1.04	1.07	1.05	1.00	1.03
注：Mg^#=100×18×MgO /(18×MgO+18×FeO); A/CNK(摩尔比)=Al₂O₃/(Na₂O+K₂O+CaO); A/NK(摩尔比)=Al₂O₃/(Na₂O+K₂O); TFe₂O₃= Fe₂O₃+1.111×FeO; 球粒陨石标准化值据参考文献[30]; δEu =EuN /(Sm_N+Gd_N)^1/2; 主量元素单位为%，微量和稀土元素单位为10^-6

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