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摘要:
综合鄱阳湖盆地的沉积特征和构造活动特点，并结合钻孔及剖面资料，分析了鄱阳湖盆地在东亚地区中新生代大地构造背景下的地质演化过程，总结了控制鄱阳湖盆地发展的主要断裂构造及其特征以及盆地的中新生代沉积古地理演化，最后进一步根据已有资料，总结了区域主要断裂的第四纪活动性及与地震活动的关系，并探讨析了盆地的成因机制。综合研究认为，在中生代，中国东南部的燕山运动事件使一套大致平行的北东-南西向断裂带形成，并在此时期导致了鄱阳湖断陷，形成鄱阳湖沉积盆地的雏形；之后，随着赣江断裂系活动方式的变化，鄱阳湖盆地经历了复杂的构造演化过程；至第四纪，盆地中部发生整体拗陷并持续接受沉积；全新世中期后，演化成现代鄱阳湖。
Abstract:Combining with drilling and profile data, this paper synthesizes the sedimentary characteristics and tectonic activity characteristics of the Poyang Lake Basin and discusses the development and evolution of the basin in the tectonic background of East Asia, and also summarizes the main control faults structures and their characteristics in the basin as well as it's paleogeographic evolution in the Mesozoic and Cenozoic. Finally summarizes the main fracture of Quaternary activity and its relationship with seismic activity, and the genetic mechanism of the basin is discussed according to the existing data. Comprehensive study showed that, in the Mesozoic, the movement of Yanshan brought about a set of roughly parallel NE-SW trending fault zones in southeast of China, and resulted in the Poyang lake depression and the embryonic form of Poyang lake sedimentary basin. Then, with the change of the Ganjiang fault mode, Poyang lake basin has experienced a complex evolution process. Until the Quaternary, overall depression occurred in the middle of the basin and it continued to be deposited. After the mid Holocene, it evolved into the modern Poyang Lake.
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Key words:
- the Poyang Lake Basin /
- geological evolution /
- neotectonics /
- active fault /
- earthquake
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表 1 各类沉积体系的时间域[47]
Table 1. Time domain of sedimentary systems
沉积体系 时间域/a 冲积扇—扇三角洲 12000~4100 辫状河 4100~2000 曲流河 2000~1700 破坏型三角洲 1700~250 建设型三角洲 250~今 
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表 2 赣北地区主要活动断裂基本特征[21]
Table 2. Characteristics of main active faults in northern Jiangxi
断裂名称 长度/km 走向 活动性质 活动强度 最新活动 九江—靖安断裂 150 NNE 右旋走滑 一般 晚更新世 宜丰—新建断裂 97 NE 右旋走滑 一般 全新世 武宁—铜鼓断裂 100 NE 右旋逆冲走滑 一般 全新世 湖口—吉安断裂 227 NE 右旋走滑 一般 全新世 余干—婺源断裂 110 NE 右行走滑 一般 抚河断裂 220 NW 左旋走滑 不明显 余干—鹰潭断裂 260 NW 左旋走滑 一般 全新世 宜春—东乡断裂 400 EW 右行走滑 一般
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