Study on Fluorine Chlorine Removal from Zinc Oxide Fume of Multiple-hearth Burner by Alkali Cleaning
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摘要:
在湿法炼锌系统中，大量的氟氯离子不仅阻碍电解工序的顺利进行，同时也加速了设备的腐蚀。本文采用碱洗工艺脱除多膛炉高氟氯氧化锌烟灰中的氟、氯，研究了碳酸钠浓度、碱洗温度、碱洗时间、液固比、氢氧化钠浓度对氟氯脱除率及锌损失率的影响。结果表明，在碳酸钠浓度为150 g/L，碱洗时间为2 h，反应温度80℃，矿浆液固比5∶1，氢氧化钠浓度为40 g/L的条件下，复合碱液对多膛炉氧化锌氟氯的脱除率较佳，分别为85.01%、93.57%，锌的损失率为2.67%。
Abstract:In the hydro-zinc smelting system, a large amount of fluorine and chlorine ions not only hinder the smooth progress of the electrolysis process, but also accelerate the corrosion of the equipment. In this paper, the alkaline washing process is used to remove fluorine and chlorine from the high fluorine and chlorine zinc oxide soot from a multi-hearth furnace. Effect of sodium carbonate concentration, alkaline washing temperature, alkaline washing time, liquid-solid ratio, and sodium hydroxide concentration on the removal rate of fluorine and chlorine is studied, adding the influence of zinc loss rate. The results show that under the conditions of a sodium carbonate concentration of 150 g/L, an alkaline washing time of 2 h, a reaction temperature of 80℃, a slurry-to-solid ratio of 5∶1, and a sodium hydroxide concentration of 40 g/L, the composite lye will affect the multi-hearth furnace.The removal rate of zinc oxide, fluorine and chlorine is the best, 85.01% and 93.57% respectively, and the loss rate of zinc is 2.67%.
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表 1 高氟氯烟灰主要成分/%
Table 1. Main composition of fume with high fluorine-chlorine
Zn Pb Fe F Cl 其他 23.52 35.21 0.29 0.18 0.75 40.05 
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表 2 Na2CO3浓度对氧化锌烟灰F、Cl脱除率以及锌损失率的影响
Table 2. Effect of sodium carbonate concentration on the removal rate of F and Cl of zinc oxide soot and the rate of zinc loss
Na2CO3浓度/（g·L-1） 脱F率/% 脱Cl率/% 锌损失率/% 0 25.32 65.21 5.13 20 32.63 73.54 4.36 50 44.28 77.64 3.52 100 50.38 85.59 2.12 150 63.28 87.66 1.56 200 65.22 88.02 2.04 250 66.53 90.46 2.89
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表 3 碱洗时间对氧化锌烟灰F、Cl脱除率以及锌损失率的影响
Table 3. Effect of alkaline washing time on the removal rate of F and Cl of zinc oxide soot and the rate of zinc loss
碱洗时间/min 脱F率/% 脱Cl率/% 锌损失率/% 60 51.86 72.14 1.84 90 57.35 79.68 1.66 120 64.23 86.84 1.61 150 66.04 87.69 1.58 180 65.94 88.01 1.64
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表 4 碱洗温度对氧化锌烟灰F、Cl脱除率以及锌损失率的影响
Table 4. Effect of alkaline washing temperature on the removal rate of F and Cl of zinc oxide soot and the rate of zinc loss
碱洗温度/℃ 脱F率/% 脱Cl率/% 锌损失率/% 30 51.38 76.69 1.74 40 55.28 81.06 1.69 60 59.47 85.54 1.62 80 65.49 87.01 1.59 90 68.24 88.11 1.68
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表 5 矿浆液固比对氧化锌烟灰F、Cl脱除率以及锌损失率的影响
Table 5. Effect of slurry-liquid-solid ratio on the removal rate of F and Cl of zinc oxide soot and the loss rate of zinc
矿浆液固比 脱F率/% 脱Cl率/% 锌损失率/% 2:1 61.24 80.02 1.41 3:1 66.10 86.87 1.52 4:1 69.85 90.26 1.76 5:1 73.09 92.03 1.87 6:1 75.01 92.12 2.01
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表 6 复合碱液对氧化锌烟灰F、Cl脱除率以及锌损失率的影响
Table 6. Effect of composite lye on the removal rate of F and Cl of zinc oxide soot and the rate of zinc loss
NaOH浓度/(g·L-1) 脱F率/% 脱Cl率/% 锌损失率/% 10 72.69 91.67 1.91 20 75.06 93.65 2.12 30 81.58 93.76 2.28 40 85.01 93.57 2.67 50 85.94 93.84 2.98
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