Effects of Economic Plants Planting under Forest in Mining Area on Rhizosphere Soil Biological Community Characteristics and Physicochemical Properties
-
摘要:
这是一篇矿山环境工程领域的论文。为评价离子型稀土矿区林下经济植物种植对根际土壤生物群落特征及理化性质影响，选取何首乌、葛根等7种典型林药经济植物和黑麦草、狼尾草等7种典型林草经济植物为研究对象，开展林下经济植物种植盆栽实验。通过测定植物株高、叶面积、地上/地下部生物量和土壤全磷、全钾、全氮、速效氮、速效磷、有机质、阳离子交换量以及微生物群落组成、丰富度、多样性等指标，综合研究林下经济植物种植对根际土壤生物群落特征及理化性质的影响。结果表明：种植中草药类植物会增加微生物多样性，而种植牧草类会对微生物群落组成产生一定的影响；种植中草药类林下经济植物对土壤肥力有较明显的提高，粉防己最为明显较照对组全氮、碱解氮、有机质、分别提高300.0%、118.5%、825.3%；种植牧草类对土壤肥力影响不明显。通过本文研究表明，种植林下经济植物会对土壤生物群落产生一定的影响，并在一定程度上提高土壤肥力。
Abstract:This is an essay in the field of mining environmental engineering. In order to evaluate the influence of economic plant planting in the mining area on the rhizosphere soil biological community characteristics and physicochemical properties, 7 typical forest medicine economic plants such as Fallopiamultiflora, Puerarialobata, and 7 typical forest grasses such as Perennial ryegrassand Pennisetum were selected. Taking economic plants as the research object, the experiment of planting potted economic plants under forest was carried out. By measuring plant height, leaf area, aboveground/underground biomass and soil total phosphorus, total potassium, total nitrogen, available nitrogen, available phosphorus, organic matter, cation exchange capacity, and microbial community composition, richness, diversity and other indicators, To comprehensively study the effects of economic plant planting under forest on the characteristics and physicochemical properties of rhizosphere soil. The results showed that planting Chinese herbal plants would increase microbial diversity, while planting forages would have a certain impact on the composition of microbial communities; planting Chinese herbal understory economic plants had a significant improvement in soil fertility, and the most obvious difference was the control. The total nitrogen, alkali-hydrolyzed nitrogen, and organic matter in the group increased by 300.0%, 118.5%, and 825.3%, respectively; planting forages had no obvious effect on soil fertility. The research in this paper shows that planting understory economic plants will have a certain impact on the soil biome and improve soil fertility to a certain extent.
-
-
表 1 土壤基本理化性质
Table 1. Basic physical and chemical properties of soil
pH值 有机质
/(g/kg)阳离子交换量
/(coml/kg)全氮
/(g/kg)全磷
/(mg/kg)全钾
/(g/kg)碱解氮
/(mg/kg)速效钾
/(mg/kg)有效磷
/(mg/kg)7.88 7.30 20.31 5.00 1440.00 7.60 56.10 171.00 2.89 
下载: 导出CSV
表 2 林下经济植物生物量
Table 2. Understory economic plant biomass
名称 株高/cm 叶长/cm 叶宽/cm 鲜重/g 地上部 地下部 初始 最终 初始 最终 初始 最终 初始 最终 初始 最终 三叶草 8.6 24.2 1.1 3.4 1.4 2.5 1.5 27.9 0.7 23.7 罗汉果 20.1 149.4 6.5 13.5 7.8 7.5 3.1 280.4 0.8 2.3 粉防己 / 80.3 / 4.9 / 3.9 / 6.8 1.2 31.8 黄精 / 20.1 / 6.2 / 2.5 / 7.4 13.3 19.8 牛鞭草 21.0 60.2 / 14.3 / 1.8 2.2 16.5 1.0 14.6 狗牙根 19.2 35.3 / 26.5 / 0.9 5.6 11.3 1.1 6.4 何首乌 15.0 320.4 / 8.1 / 4.5 / 26.8 / 34.8 黑麦草 28.3 70.1 / 21.4 / 0.5 2.4 76.3 14.5 17.6 葛根 7.3 258.3 3.3 7.4 2.3 6.3 / 17.2 / 13.6 白茅 24.0 87.1 / 48.6 / 1.2 4.7 73.3 1.6 59.3 金银花 41.3 310.3 1.7 2.8 0.9 1.5 / 71.3 / 13.2 茯苓苗 / 52.3 / 1.7 / 0.9 / 33.1 / 5.5 狼尾草 / 78.2 / 32.2 / 2.1 / 29.1 / 22.4 魔芋 / 68.4 / 11.3 / 4.3 / 34.9 21.6 31.8 “/”表示植物种植时为种子播种或生物量极小，无法测量相关数据。
下载: 导出CSV
表 3 不同林下经济作物种植对土壤细菌Alpha多样性指数的影响
Table 3. Effects of different understory cash crops on soil bacterial Alpha diversity index
样品编号 Simpson指数 Shannon指数 Chao 1指数 Ace指数 CK 0.993 9.052 2998.438 3070.002 罗汉果 0.997 9.885 3525.520 3583.180 何首乌 0.996 9.777 3768.356 3859.541 葛根 0.997 9.804 3764.043 3862.395 金银花 0.996 9.233 2613.071 2630.023 粉防己 0.997 9.849 3482.190 3516.295 茯苓苗 0.997 9.677 3209.872 3312.846 黄精 0.997 9.566 3205.294 3258.563 魔芋 0.998 9.976 3527.746 3580.656 牛鞭草 0.996 9.308 2691.654 2766.166 狗牙根 0.997 9.841 3367.000 3417.542 狼尾草 0.996 9.673 3376.653 3441.456 白茅 0.996 9.368 2854.791 2893.736 白三叶 0.997 9.688 3565.297 3660.292 黑麦草 0.751 5.033 2348.175 2416.727
下载: 导出CSV
表 4 种植林下经济植物对土壤理化性质的影响
Table 4. Impact of economic plants under planting forests on physical and chemical properties of soil
名称 P
/(mg/kg)K
/%全氮
/%碱解氮
/%速效钾
/(mg/kg)有机质
/%速效磷
/(mg/kg)pH值 阳离子交换量
/(cmol/kg)CK 1440 0.76 0.050 0.00561 171 0.73 2.89 7.88 20.31 罗汉果 1630 0.86 0.15 0.011 191 3.71 6.17 6.99 20.95 何首乌 1390 0.85 0.060 0.00724 139 0.80 3.71 7.88 21.05 葛根 1390 0.76 0.050 0.00550 141 0.80 2.94 7.88 20.21 金银花 1370 0.80 0.060 0.00813 156 0.87 4.10 7.75 20.00 粉防己 1470 0.99 0.16 0.013 210 6.94 6.21 7.12 25.92 茯苓苗 1450 0.73 0.040 0.00595 147 0.75 3.64 7.40 19.68 黄精 1450 0.76 0.030 0.00703 147 0.82 3.47 7.86 18.83 魔芋 1390 0.78 0.050 0.00698 151 0.81 3.57 7.86 25.60 牛鞭草 1430 0.77 0.10 0.00777 164 0.80 3.85 7.98 20.10 狗牙根 1460 0.76 0.070 0.00775 128 0.72 3.68 8.12 21.1 狼尾草 1440 0.72 0.050 0.00875 174 0.73 2.57 8.06 25.07 白茅 1340 0.73 0.060 0.00855 118 0.74 2.80 7.89 20.95 白三叶 1380 0.76 0.060 0.00654 142 0.80 2.90 7.97 20.3 黑麦草 1360 0.82 0.070 0.00612 209 1.11 2.57 7.89 22.75
下载: 导出CSV
-
[1] 周贺鹏, 胡洁, 张永兵, 等. 离子型稀土矿化学溶浸影响因素及其调控[J]. 矿产综合利用, 2019(3):146-151. ZHOU H P, HU J, ZHANG Y B, et al. Influencing factors and control of chemical leaching of ion-type rare earth ore[J]. Multipurpose Utilization of Mineral Resources, 2019(3):146-151.
ZHOU H P, HU J, ZHANG Y B, et al. Influencing factors and control of chemical leaching of ion-type rare earth ore[J]. Multipurpose Utilization of Mineral Resources, 2019 (3): 146-151.
[2] 詹光, 黄草明, 朱景和, 等. 南方离子型稀土冶炼废水治理现状与展望[J]. 矿产综合利用, 2018(3):18-25. ZHAN G, HUANG C M, ZHU J H, et al. Status and prospect of hydrometallurgy wastewater treatment technology in south rare earth[J]. Multipurpose Utilization of Mineral Resources, 2018(3):18-25. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-6532.2018.03.003
ZHAN G, HUANG C M, ZHU J H, et al. Status and prospect of hydrometallurgy wastewater treatment technology in south rare earth[J] . Multipurpose Utilization of Mineral Resources, 2018 (3): 18-25. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-6532.2018.03.003
[3] 王瑞苹. 江西赣南离子型稀土矿原地浸矿可能引发的环境问题[J]. 科技资讯, 2012(33):150-151. WANG R P. Possible environmental problems caused by in-situ leaching of ion type rare earth ore in Gannan, Jiangxi[J]. Science & Technology Information, 2012(33):150-151.
WANG R P. Possible environmental problems caused by in-situ leaching of ion type rare earth ore in Gannan, Jiangxi[J]. Science & Technology Information, 2012, (33): 150-151.
[4] 陈书, 舒荣波, 闵刚, 等. 南方稀土矿区隐伏断裂带高密度电法勘探实验[J]. 矿产综合利用, 2022(1):68-73. CHEN S, SHU R B, MIN G, et al. High-density electrical exploration test of hidden fault zone in Southern rare earth mining area[J]. Multipurpose Utilization of Mineral Resources, 2022(1):68-73.
CHEN S, SHU R B, MIN G, et al. High-density electrical exploration test of hidden fault zone in Southern rare earth mining area[J]. Multipurpose Utilization of Mineral Resources, 2022(1): 68-73.
[5] 黄国宁. 发展林下经济新思路, 打造林农增收新亮点——海南林菌间作模式与草料培育菌苗技术推广示范[J]. 热带林业, 2016, 4(4):28-29. HUANG G N. New ideas for developing the economy under the forest and creating a new highlight for increasing the income of forest farmers - Hainan forest fungus intercropping model and the promotion and demonstration of forage cultivation and Seedling Technology[J]. Tropical Forestry, 2016, 4(4):28-29.
HUANG G N. New ideas for developing the economy under the forest and creating a new highlight for increasing the income of forest farmers -- Hainan forest fungus intercropping model and the promotion and demonstration of forage cultivation and Seedling Technology[J]. Tropical Forestry, 2016, 4: 28-29.
[6] 丁知青. 林下经济的主要模式及其优劣势[J]. 乡村科技, 2021, 12(1):79-80. DING Z Q. Main modes of undergrowth economy and their advantages and disadvantages[J]. Xiangcun Keji, 2021, 12(1):79-80. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-7909.2021.01.041
DING Z Q. Main modes of undergrowth economy and their advantages and disadvantages[J]. Xiangcun Keji, 2021, 12(1): 79-80. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-7909.2021.01.041
[7] 李祖毅, 陈永力, 陆巍, 等. 林下经济的主要模式及优劣分析[J]. 种子科技, 2020, 38(16):119-120. LI Z Y, CHEN Y L, LU W, et al. Analysis of the main modes and advantages and disadvantages of undergrowth economy[J]. Seed Technology, 2020, 38(16):119-120. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1005-2690.2020.16.066
LI Z Y, CHEN Y L, LU W, et al. Analysis of the main modes and advantages and disadvantages of undergrowth economy[J]. Seed Technology, 2020, 38(16): 119-120. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1005-2690.2020.16.066
[8] 郑平. 林下经济的主要模式及优劣分析[J]. 绿色科技, 2019(11):220-221. ZHEN P. Analysis of the main modes and advantages and disadvantages of undergrowth economy[J]. Journal of Green Science and Technology, 2019(11):220-221. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-9944.2019.11.093
ZHEN P. Analysis of the main modes and advantages and disadvantages of undergrowth economy[J]. Journal of Green Science and Technology, 2019(11): 220-221. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-9944.2019.11.093
[9] 北京现代市场经济研究中心编. 中国农业科技种植养殖百科全书[M]. 北京: 世图音像电子出版社, 2002: 624.
Edited by Beijing Modern Market Economy Research Center. Encyclopedia of Chinese agricultural science and technology planting and breeding[M]. Beijing: Shitu Audio Video Electronic Publishing House, 2002: 624
[10] 鲍士旦主编. 土壤农化分析 [M]. 第3版. 北京: 中国农业出版社, 2000: 495.
Edited by BAO S D. Agrochemical analysis of soil, 3rd Edition [M]. Beijing: China Agricultural Publishing House, 2000: 495.
[11] 王格, 董胜奇, 张涛, 等. 基于高通量测序分析豆粕发酵过程中细菌群落结构及多样性[J]. 华中农业大学学报(自然科学版), 2018(5):89-94. WANG G, DONG S Q, ZHANG T, et al. High-throughput sequencing based analyses of structure and diversity of bacterial community during fermentation process of soybean meal[J]. Journal of Huazhong Agricultural University, 2018(5):89-94.
WANG G, DONG S P, ZHANG T, et al. High-throughput sequencing based analyses of structure and diversity of bacterial community during fermentation process of soybean meal[J]. Journal of Huazhong Agricultural University, 2018, (5): 89-94.
[12] J G Caporaso, J Kuczynski, J Stombaugh, et al. QIIME allows analysis of high-throughput community sequencing data[J]. Nature Methods, 2010, 335-336.
[13] R C Edgar. UPARSE: highly accurate OTU sequences from microbial amplicon reads[J]. Nature Methods, 2013, 996-998.
[14] P R Minchin. An evaluation of the relative robustness of techniques for ecological ordination[J]. Planet Ecology, 1987, 69(1-3):89-107. doi: 10.1007/BF00038690
[15] 谢晓梅, 廖敏, 杨静. 黑麦草根系分泌物剂量对污染土壤芘降解和土壤微生物的影响[J]. 应用生态学报, 2011, 22(10):2718-2724. XIE X M, LIAO M, YANG J. Effects of ryegrass (loliumperenne) root exudates dose on pyrene degradation and soil microbes in pyrene-contaminated soil[J]. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology, 2011, 22(10):2718-2724.
XIE X M, LIAO M, YANG J. Effects of ryegrass (loliumperenne) root exudates dose on pyrene degradation and soil microbes in pyrene-contaminated soil[J]. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology, 2011, 22(10): 2718-2724
[16] 耿贵. 作物根系分泌物对土壤碳、氮含量、微生物数量和酶活性的影响[D]. 沈阳: 沈阳农业大学, 2011.
GENG G. Effect of crop root exudates on carbon and nitrogen contents, microorganisms quatity and enzyme activities in soil[D]. Shenyang: Shenyang Agricultural University, 2011.
[17] 王光华, 刘俊杰, 于镇华, 等. 土壤酸杆菌门细菌生态学研究进展[J]. 生物技术通报, 2016, 32(2):14-20. WANG G H, LIU J J, YU Z H, et al. Research progress of acidobacteria ecology in soil[J]. Biotechnology Bulletin, 2016, 32(2):14-20. doi: 10.13560/j.cnki.biotech.bull.1985.2016.02.002
WANG G H, LIU J J, YU Z H, et al. Research progress of acidobacteria ecology in soil[J]. Biotechnology Bulletin, 2016, 32(2): 14-20. doi: 10.13560/j.cnki.biotech.bull.1985.2016.02.002
[18] 凌露. 有机质化学组成与微生物群落的相互关系及其对碳周转的调控[D]. 杭州: 浙江大学, 2021.
LING L. The dynamic of OM chemistry and microbial community and their interactions regulate carbon turnover [D]. Hangzhou: Zhejiang University, 2021.
[19] 高雪峰, 贾渊. 荒漠草原植物根分泌物中有机酸组分分析及其生态效应研究[J]. 生态环境学报, 2020, 29(10):1927-1934. GAO X F, JIA Y. Analysis of organic acid components in root exudates and their ecological effects of the plants in desert steppe of Inner Mongolia[J]. Ecology and Environmental Sciences, 2020, 29(10):1927-1934. doi: 10.16258/j.cnki.1674-5906.2020.10.001
GAO X F, JIA Y. Analysis of organic acid components in root exudates and their ecological effects of the plants in desert steppe of Inner Mongolia [J]. Ecology and Environmental Sciences, 2020, 29(10): 1927-1934. doi: 10.16258/j.cnki.1674-5906.2020.10.001
[20] 陈雪花, 杨静. 祁连山东部不同退化草地土壤细菌群落与环境因子的关系研究[J]. 西部林业科学, 2020, 49(1):1-8+15. CHEN X H, YANG J. Environmental factors and soil bacterial communities in the degraded alpine grassland of Eastern Qilian Mountains[J]. Journal of West China Foresty Science, 2020, 49(1):1-8+15. doi: 10.16473/j.cnki.xblykx1972.2020.01.001
CHEN X H, YANG J. Environmental factors and soil bacterial communities in the degraded alpine grassland of Eastern Qilian Mountains [J]. Journal of West China Foresty Science, 2020, 49(1): 1-8+15. doi: 10.16473/j.cnki.xblykx1972.2020.01.001
[21] 蒋婷婷, 岳凤凤, 聂刘旺. 谈谈光合作用中CO2固定的几个主要途径[J]. 生物学教学, 2022, 47(7):89-91. JIANG T T, YUE F F, NIE L W. Several main ways of carbon dioxide fixation in photosynthesis[J]. Biology Teaching, 2022, 47(7):89-91.
JIANG T T, YUE F F, NIE L W. Several main ways of carbon dioxide fixation in photosynthesis[J]. Biology Teaching, 2022, 47(7): 89-91.
[22] 李秋梅, 黎胜杰, 王欣丽, 等. 改变碳输入对沂蒙山区典型次生林土壤微生物碳源代谢功能的影响[J]. 生态学报, 2021, 41(10):4110-4119. LI Q M, LI S J, WANG X L, et al. Influences of changing carbon inputs on soil microbial carbon metabolism in natural secondary forests in Yimeng mountainous area[J]. Acta EcologicaSinica, 2021, 41(10):4110-4119.
LI Q M, LI S J, WANG X L, et al. Influences of changing carbon inputs on soil microbial carbon metabolism in natural secondary forests in Yimeng mountainous area[J]. Acta EcologicaSinica, 2021, 41(10): 4110-4119.
[23] 鲁莽. 植物根系及其分泌物对微生物生长及活性的影响[J]. 化学与生物工程, 2012, 29(3):18-21. LU M. Effects of plant roots and root exudates on growth and activity of microorganism[J]. Chemistry & Bioengineering, 2012, 29(3):18-21.
LU M. Effects of plant roots and root exudates on growth and activity of microorganism[J]. Chemistry & Bioengineering, 2012, 29(3): 18-21.
[24] 李春俭, 马玮, 张福锁. 根际对话及其对植物生长的影响[J]. 植物营养与肥料学报, 2008(1):178-183. LI C J, MA W, ZHANG F S. Rhizosphere dialogue and its impact on plant growth[J]. Journal of Plant Nutrition and Fertilizer, 2008(1):178-183.
LI C J, MA W, ZHANG F S. Rhizosphere dialogue and its impact on plant growth [J]. Journal of Plant Nutrition and Fertilizer, 2008 (1): 178-183.
[25] 孙磊, 陈兵林, 周治国. 麦棉套作Bt棉花根系分泌物对土壤速效养分及微生物的影响[J]. 棉花学报, 2007(1):18-22. SUN L, CHEN B L, ZHOU Z G. Effects of root exudates on available soil nutrition, micro-organism quantity of bt cotton in wheat-cotton intercropping system[J]. Cotton Science, 2007(1):18-22.
SUN L, CHEN B L, ZHOU Z G. Effects of root exudates on available soil nutrition, micro-organism quantity of bt cotton in wheat-cotton intercropping system [J]. Cotton Science, 2007(1): 18-22.
[26] 李军, 赵彩平. 不同林分下樟子松根系分泌物对土壤环境及微生物的影响[J]. 山东农业大学学报(自然科学版), 2022, 53(3):380-385. LI J, ZHAO C P. Effects of root exudates of pinus sylvestris under different forest species on soil environment and microorganism[J]. Journal of Shandong Agricultural University (Natural Science Edition), 2022, 53(3):380-385.
LI J, ZHAO C P. Effects of root exudates of pinus sylvestris under different forest species on soil environment and microorganism [J]. Journal of Shandong Agricultural University (Natural Science Edition), 2022, 53(3): 380-385.
[27] 胡红青, 李妍, 贺纪正. 土壤有机酸与磷素相互作用的研究[J]. 土壤通报, 2004(2):222-229. HU H Q, LI Y, HE J Z. Interaction of organic acids and phosphorus in soils[J]. Chinese Journal of Soil Science, 2004(2):222-229. doi: 10.19336/j.cnki.trtb.2004.02.029
HU H Q, LI Y, HE J Z. Interaction of organic acids and phosphorus in soils [J]. Chinese Journal of Soil Science, 2004(2): 222-229. doi: 10.19336/j.cnki.trtb.2004.02.029
[28] 吴清莹, 林宇龙, 孙一航, 等. 根系分泌物对植物生长和土壤养分吸收的影响研究进展[J]. 中国草地学报, 2021, 43(11):97-104. WU Q Y, LIN Y L, SUN Y H, et al. Research progress on effects of root exudates on plant growth and soil nutrient uptake[J]. Chinese Journal of Grassland, 2021, 43(11):97-104. doi: 10.16742/j.zgcdxb.20210082
WU Q Y, LIN Y L, SUN Y H, et al. Research progress on effects of root exudates on plant growth and soil nutrient uptake[J]. Chinese Journal of Grassland, 2021, 43(11): 97-104. doi: 10.16742/j.zgcdxb.20210082
[29] 张楚, 王淼, 张宇, 等. 切根与施有机肥对羊草草甸草原打草场地上生物量与土壤养分的影响[J]. 草地学报, 2022, 30(1):220-228. ZHANG C, WANG M, ZHANG Y, et al. Effects of root cutting and organic fertilizer application on aboveground biomass and soil nutrients in the mowing grassland of leymuschinensis meadow[J]. Acta Agrestia Sinica, 2022, 30(1):220-228.
ZHANG C, WANG M, ZHANG Y, et al. Effects of root cutting and organic fertilizer application on aboveground biomass and soil nutrients in the mowing grassland of leymuschinensis meadow[J] . Acta Agrestia Sinica, 2022, 30(1): 220-228.
-
图(5)
表(4)
计量
- 文章访问数: 568
- PDF下载数: 6
- 施引文献: 0