摘要:
系统总结了胶东金矿深部找矿的主要成果，回顾了胶东金矿的主要找矿理论认识和找矿方法技术发展历程。目前，胶东地区深、浅部累计探明金矿资源储量超过4500t ，其中，500~2000m深度的深部金资源储量逾2700t，单矿床规模大于等于100t的超大型金矿床累计资源储量超过2900t，以破碎带蚀变岩型为主的金矿床资源储量逾3900t。探明了千吨级焦家巨型金矿床和三山岛巨型金矿床。对成矿模式的认识，经历了从受小构造控制的石英脉型金矿到受区域性大断裂控制的蚀变岩型金矿，再到深部阶梯式成矿的逐步扩展的发展过程。对成矿机制的认识，由绿岩带型金矿、多源长期成矿、岩浆热液金矿、幔源成矿、造山型金矿等发展为热隆伸展成矿。对矿床类型的认识，综合焦家式破碎带蚀变岩型金矿、玲珑式石英脉型金矿及其他多种类型金矿认识，提出了胶东型金矿的概念。找矿方法技术由早期的常规方法技术，发展为现今的高精度、大探测深度找矿方法技术。
Abstract:
Based on lots of geological exploration results, this paper summarized the main achievements of deep-seated prospecting in the Jiaodong gold concentration area, and reviewed in brief the development process of main gold metallogenic theory and prospecting methods. Up till now, more than 4500 tons of gold reserves have been found in shallow and deep places in the Jiaodong area, with more than 2700 tons found in the depth of 500~2000m below the surface. Among these resources, more than 2900 tons were found from superlarge gold deposits with the reserves of each single deposit ≥100 tons, and more than 3900 tons were detected from structural altered rock. Furthermore, Jiaojia and Sanshandao giant gold deposits of kiloton class have been proved. The progress of the ore-forming theory and prospecting methods has made important contribution to prospecting breakthrough. In the aspect of metallogenic model, the understanding has proceeded from quartz vein type gold deposit under a small structure control through structural altered rock type gold deposit under regional large fault control and then to a step metallogenic model in vertical direction. In the aspect of mineralization genesis, previous understanding included greenstone type, multi-sources and long-term mineralization, magmatic hydrothermal ore formation, mantle-derived mineralization and orogenic gold deposit. Now upwelling-extension theory on mineralization has been established. In the aspect of understanding of mineralization type, by integrating Jiaojia type structural altered rock gold deposit, Linglong type quartz vein gold deposit and other various types of gold deposits, researchers put forward the concept of Jiaodong-type gold deposit, which is a unique gold mineralization type that is different from other known types of gold deposit in the world. In the aspect of prospecting method, conventional methods include such means as geological mapping, IP and IP combined profile, and prospecting by primary and secondary halos, whereas present-day prospecting methods adopt high-precision and large detection depth means, such as 3-D metallogenitic prognosis along the structural belt, high resolution geophysical exploration, tectonogeochemical exploration, constructing exploration model on the basis of a step metallogenic model.
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