A study of hydrogeological characteristics of aquifers in the Changyuan River National Wetland Park
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摘要:
通过系统分析山西祁县昌源河中下游丘陵—平原地区沿河分布的19口钻井资料，查明了昌源河湿地中下游地区含水层的主要岩性，根据含/隔水层的埋深和发育特征将研究区第四系含水层划分了浅、中、深三个含水层组；并通过连井剖面和栅状图对比、总结了区内含水层的空间分布特征；同时，基于ArcGIS平台，采用Kriging插值法对地下水埋深进行了插值分析。结果表明昌源河流域含水层的主要岩石类型为第四系砂、砾石沉积物，在顺昌源河流向上浅部含水层为一楔状体，在横切河流方向上各含水层组厚度变化较大，这与研究区含水层组形成于冲/洪积扇沉积背景相符合。地下水埋深插值分析表明，昌源河流域中、下游平原区存在大面积的浅层地下水降落漏斗，这将会影响昌源河湿地公园及流域的生态水文过程。最后，在以上研究的基础上对昌源河流域地下水的补排关系进行了探讨，并建立了相应的补排模式。
Abstract:The data from 19 drill holes located in the hilly-plain region of the middle-lower reaches of the Changyuan River were systemically analyzed and, as a result, the predominant rock types of aquifers in the middle-lower reaches of the Changyuan River wetland were identified. Furthermore, based on the burial depth and development characteristics of aquifers and aquifuges, the authors divided the Quaternary aquifers in the study area into three aquifer sets, i.e., shallow, middle and deep aquifer sets. The features of spatial distribution of the aquifers in the study area were also summarized via correlation of cross sections and fence diagrams. In addition, the burial depths of groundwater tables were analyzed by using Kriging interpolation method. The results indicate that the predominant rock types of the aquifers are Quaternary sandy and gravel sediments. The profile of the shallow aquifer is like a wedged body in the downriver direction of the Changyuan River, but the thickness of the aquifer is not stable in the perpendicular direction of the river. This is in accordance with the sedimentary environment of the alluvial/fluvial fan. The results of interpolation analysis show that there are widely distributed precipitation funnels in the milled-lower reaches of the Changyuan River basin. Such a situation would impact the eco-hydrogeological process in the Changyuan River wetland park and the drainage basin. Finally, the authors discussed the recharge-discharge processes of the groundwater in the Changyuan River drainage basin and established a recharge-discharge model.
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Key words:
- wetland /
- aquifer /
- groundwater /
- hydrogeology /
- Changyuan River
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表 1 昌源河湿地第四系含水层组划分
Table 1. Division of the Quaternary aquifer sets in the Changyuan River wetland
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表 3 祁县2014年地下水埋深球状模型参数
Table 3. Parameters of the spherical models of groundwater burial depths in Qixian County
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