Geological characteristics and prospecting potential of the Madiu large–scale fluorite deposit in Luanchuan County, Henan Province
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摘要:
研究目的 萤石矿是现代工业必须的重要矿产资源，河南省把萤石矿的找矿列为非金属矿产的重中之重。近年来，河南省多个地勘单位均在栾川县合峪地区从事萤石矿找矿工作，马丢萤石矿是第一个探明的大型矿床，估算萤石矿矿石量884万t、CaF2矿物量476万t，CaF2平均品位53.83%，矿体沿走向东西两端均未封闭。总结马丢萤石矿矿床地质特征对指导该区找矿具有重要意义。
研究方法 通过近5年来对马丢萤石矿的普查—详查工作，对矿床成矿地质条件、矿床地质特征、质量特征、找矿标志等进行系统总结。
研究结果 马丢萤石矿床目前是河南省及其周边省份资源量规模最大的萤石单矿体。矿脉数量多，规模大小不一，具有沿倾向等间距分布，沿走向近平行展布的特征，在其周边还分散着众多的萤石矿体。
结论 马丢萤石矿成矿与花岗岩体和北西向构造有关，矿床类型为硅酸盐岩石中的裂隙充填中—低温脉状矿床。
Abstract:This paper is the result of mineral exploration engineering.
Objective Fluorite is an important mineral resource in modern industries, and it is listed as the top priority of nonmetallic mineral prospecting in Henan Province. In recent years, several geological prospecting units in Henan Province have been engaged in prospecting fluorite in the Heyu area of Luanchuan County, and the Madiu fluorite deposit is the first proven large deposit, with an estimated amount of 8.84 million tons of fluorite ore and 4.76 million tons of CaF2 mineral. The average grade of CaF2 is 53.83%. The east–west ends of the ore body are not closed along the strike. Therefore, summarizing the geological characteristics is of great significance for guiding the prospecting activities in this area.
Methods Based on the general and detailed investigation of the Madiu fluorite deposit in the last five years, the metallogenic geological conditions, geological characteristics, quality characteristics, and prospecting indicators are systematically summarized.
Results The Madiu fluorite deposit is the largest single fluorite ore body in Henan and its surrounding provinces. There are many ore veins of different sizes, which are equal spaced along the trend and are nearly parallel along the strike. There are also many fluorite ore bodies scattered around.
Conclusions The Madiu fluorite mineralization is related to granites and NW–trending structures, and the deposit type is medium–low temperature vein deposit with fissure filling in silicate rock.
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图 2 马丢萤石矿区Ⅱ1矿体见矿分布及地形地质简图（据马红义和吴林涛, 2000
1 修改）Figure 2.
图 4 马丢萤石矿区07勘查线剖面图（据马红义和吴林涛, 2000
1 修改）Figure 4.
表 1 断裂及矿脉特征一览表
Table 1. Characteristics of fractures and veins
断裂编号 矿脉编号 产状 总长/m 矿区内长/m 宽/m 矿化情况 备注 F1 Ⅰ 北西倾，一般倾角48°，局部37°~56° 1612 1147 1.2~2.5 有Ⅰ1矿体赋存 位于F2和F5断裂之间 F2 Ⅱ 北西倾，倾角50°，局部40°~55° 1637 1147 1.5~3.5 有Ⅱ1矿体赋存 北西距F1断裂84~120 m F5 Ⅴ 北西倾，倾角46°，局部40°~62° 1641 1130 1.0~2.0 有Ⅴ1矿体赋存 南东距F1断裂80~120 m F3 Ⅲ 南东倾，倾角60°，局部43°~69° 1255 991 1.5~3.0 有Ⅲ1矿体赋存 在马丢河河床部位被第四系覆盖 
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表 2 矿体特征一览表
Table 2. Characteristics of ore body
矿体
编号矿体
形态倾向/° 倾角/° 矿体长
/m区内长
/m矿体最大
斜深/m矿体
埋深/m矿体赋存
标高/m厚度
平均/m厚度变化
系数/%品位
平均/%品位变化
系数/%矿石量
/104t矿物量
/104tⅠ1 脉状 317 48 1228 1082 475 0~468 870~462 2.03 43 50.92 34 159.9 81.4 Ⅱ1 似层状 316 50 1305 1128 1185 0~1053 853~ –171 2.55 75 55.39 36 513.1 282.1 Ⅴ1 脉状 315 46 635 635 378 0~270 886~540 1.20 15 47.66 27 41.2 19.6 Ⅲ1 脉状 127 60 1208 991 486 0~418 860~405 2.12 48 54.34 35 116.0 63.0
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表 3 马丢萤石矿矿石化学分析结果
Table 3. Petrochemical analytical results of the ores in Madiu fluorite deposit
矿体号 样品编号 SiO2 Al2O3 Fe2O3 CaCO3 TiO2 CaF2 MnO MgO P2O5 BaSO4 K2O Na2O Ⅰ1 H5 16.16 1.08 0.38 0.68 0.015 80.50 0.014 0.08 0.004 0.005 0.49 0.14 H6 37.55 2.78 0.62 0.46 0.047 51.03 0.014 0.08 0.014 0.015 1.97 1.05 H1 31.97 3.07 0.32 1.14 0.033 58.72 0.009 0.27 0.59 0.087 1.37 0.30 Ⅱ1 H7 20.43 1.20 0.49 0.59 0.018 74.80 0.011 0.09 0.006 0.005 0.78 0.20 H8 28.60 1.00 0.29 0.54 0.006 68.21 0.010 0.11 0.000 0.002 0.48 0.05 H2 46.00 5.47 0.55 0.48 0.07 40.24 0.008 0.45 0.067 0.026 1.98 0.24 H3 12.43 0.63 0.12 0.64 0.001 86.13 0.006 0.21 0.053 0.043 0.17 0.02 Ⅲ1 H4 26.22 1.49 0.13 0.48 0.006 70.09 0.002 0.23 0.047 0.026 0.66 0.14 H5 37.75 2.94 0.24 0.26 0.021 54.93 0.005 0.24 0.054 0.023 1.25 0.19 Ⅴ1 H9 30.44 1.54 0.67 0.46 0.023 62.54 0.014 0.11 0.007 0.007 1.15 0.48 合计平均 28.76 2.12 0.38 0.57 0.02 64.72 0.01 0.19 0.08 0.02 1.03 0.28 注：氧化物含量单位为%。
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表 4 马丢萤石矿矿石微量元素分析结果
Table 4. Analytical results of trace element of the ores in Madiu fluorite deposit
矿体编号 样品数 Mo P S Cu Pb Zn W Ag Ⅰ1 6 0.0075 0.015 0.131 0.0004 0.0011 0.0017 0.0003 Ⅱ1 18 0.0001 0.0056 0.008 0.0002 0.0006 0.001 0.0001 0.065 Ⅴ1 4 0.0128 0.007 0.136 0.0007 0.0014 0.0011 0.0001 Ⅲ1 8 0.05 0.019 0.27 0.0006 0.0027 0.0025 0.0007 注：Ag含量单位为10−6，其他元素含量单位为%。
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