The adsorption characteristics of Pb2+ and Cd2+ by straw based biochars generated at medium-high pyrolysis temperatures
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摘要:
研究目的 热解温度和原材料对秸秆基生物炭吸附重金属性能的影响。
研究方法 本文以玉米秸秆和水稻秸秆作为原料，在限氧条件下，通过热解法于中温（450℃）和高温（600℃）下制备秸秆基生物炭S450、S600、Y450和Y600，研究不同类型生物炭的材料表面特性差异及对溶液中Pb2+、Cd2+吸附特性的影响。
研究结果 结果表明，热解温度对生物炭理化性质影响明显，随着热解温度的升高，产率下降，碳元素含量增大，氮、氢和氧元素含量有所降低，而且比表面积、总孔体积和平均孔径均有所减小。4种秸秆基生物炭对Pb2+和Cd2+的吸附以化学沉淀反应为主，随着热解温度的升高，生物炭对Pb2+、Cd2+的吸附量和吸附速率也随之增大，而且玉米秸秆生物炭对Pb2+、Cd2+的吸附量明显高于水稻秸秆生物炭的吸附量。
结论 4种生物炭对溶液中Pb2+和Cd2+的吸附分别为多层吸附和单分子层吸附，而且热解温度较高的秸秆基生物炭均表现出对重金属Pb2+和Cd2+更强的吸附能力。研究结果可为秸秆资源化利用、重金属污染及环境修复提供参考。
Abstract:This paper is the result of environmental geological survey engineering.
Objective Effect of pyrolysis temperature and raw materials on adsorption of heavy metals by straw-based biochar.
Methods Corn straw and rice straw were used as raw materials to prepare straw based biochars (i.e. S450, S600, Y450, Y600) under anoxic conditions at 450℃ and 600℃. And the differences in their surface characteristics and their adsorption capacity for Pb2+ and Cd2+ in solutions were studied.
Results The results showed that the pyrolysis temperature had a significant effect on the physicochemical properties of different biochars. With the increase of pyrolysis temperature, the C contents of biochars increased, but N, H, O contents decreased. Besides, their specific surface area, total pore volume and average pore diameter all showed a decreased tendency. As the result of the increase of pyrolysis temperature, the adsorption capacity and rate of Pb2+ and Cd2+ increased. Meanwhile, the adsorption capacity of Pb2+ and Cd2+ of corn straw biochar was significantly higher than that of rice straw biochar. The adsorption of Pb2+ and Cd2+ by the four biochars was dominated by chemical precipitation.
Conclusions The adsorption of Pb2+ and Cd2+ was mainly multilayer and monolayer adsorption, respectively. Straw based biochars with higher pyrolysis temperature had higher adsorption capacity for Pb2+ and Cd2+. This study is useful for straw resource utilization and heavy metal pollution remediation.
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Key words:
- pyrolysis temperature /
- straw based biochar /
- Pb2+ /
- Cd2+ /
- adsorption /
- wastewater /
- soil /
- environmental geological survey engineering
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表 2 四种秸秆生物炭的比表面积、孔体积及平均孔径
Table 2. Specific surface area, pore volume and average pore size of four biochars
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表 3 4种秸秆炭对Pb2+和Cd2+的吸附动力学方程拟合参数
Table 3. Fitting parameters of kinetic equations for Pb2+ and Cd2+adsorption by four biochars
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表 4 4种秸秆生物炭对Pb2+和Cd2+等温吸附的拟合参数
Table 4. Fitting parameters of Langmuir and Freundlich models for adsorption isotherms of Pb2+ and Cd2+ on four biochars
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