Ecological risk assessments and source analysis of heavy metals in the soil of Xin Barag Youqi, Inner Mongolia
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摘要:
研究目的 新巴尔虎右旗地处呼伦贝尔草原深处，矿业活动频繁。了解该地区土壤中重金属来源以及生态风险是评估区域环境影响前提。
研究方法 本文系统采集了矿石、基岩及土壤样品共221件，测试并分析了Cd、Cr、As、Hg、Ni、Pb、Zn等7种重金属元素的含量。利用地积累指数法和潜在生态风险指数法评价了重金属的污染程度和生态风险，并综合运用相关分析、主成分分析法判断了土壤重金属的来源。
研究结果 研究表明，新巴尔虎右旗土壤重金属污染以轻度为主，Cd、Ni、As、Cr、Pb元素均存在一定程度的污染，污染区域集中于甲查矿区、准乌兰诺尔、呼伦湖西北岸以及克鲁伦河中游。Cr、Ni、Hg主要受人类活动影响；Cd、Zn、Pb受到自然因素与人类活动共同影响，As主要受自然因素影响。
结论 总体来看，本区生态风险整体较低，以Cd对生态风险的贡献最为突出，在本区土壤质量监测中应受到重视。
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关键词:
- 土壤重金属 /
- 潜在生态风险 /
- 矿山地质环境调查工程 /
- 内蒙古 /
- 新巴尔虎右旗
Abstract:This paper is the result of the mine environmental geological survey engineering.
Objective Xin Barag Youqi is located in hulun buir grassland, and mining activities are frequent. Understanding the sources and ecological risks of heavy metals of soil in this area is prerequisite for assessing environmental impact.
Methods We collected a total of 221 samples of ore, bed rock and soil, and tested contents of 7 elements (Cd, Cr, As, Hg, Ni, Pb and Zn). The pollution degree and distribution characteristics of heavy metals were evaluated by geoaccumulation index method and potential ecological risk index method. The sources of heavy metals in soil were determined by correlation analysis and principal component analysis.
Results It was found that the heavy metal pollution in the soil of Xin Barag Youqi is mainly mild, and Cd, Ni, As, Cr and Pb are polluted. The contaminated areas are located in Jiawula-Chagan Mining Area, Zhuan Ulanor, northwest shore of Hulun Lake and middle of the Krumlen River. Source analysis results shows that Cr、Ni and Hg are mainly from human activities, Cd, Zn and Pb are affected by both natural factors and human activities, and As is mainly from natural factors.
Conclusions In general, the ecological risk in Xin Barag Youqi is low, and Cd has the most prominent contribution to the ecological risk of the soil in this area, which should be taken seriously in soil quality monitoring.
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表 4 新巴尔虎右旗重金属元素统计（n=49）
Table 4. Statistics of heavy metal elements in Xin Barag Youqi soil(n=49)
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表 6 土壤重金属的潜在生态危害指数统计
Table 6. Potential ecological risk coefficient for every heavy metal in soil
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表 7 新巴尔虎右旗基岩重金属元素统计（n=11）
Table 7. Statistics of heavy metal elements in Xin Barag Youqi rock(n=11)
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表 8 新巴尔虎右旗土壤重金属相关关系
Table 8. Correlative coefficients of heavy metals in Xin Barag Youqi soil
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表 9 研究区土壤重金属含量主成分分析成分矩阵
Table 9. Component matrix of principal component analysis of heavy metal concentrations in soil of the study area
下载: 导出CSV
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