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湖南某锡矿区土壤重金属污染及健康风险评价

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李剑锋, 冯李霄. 2023. 湖南某锡矿区土壤重金属污染及健康风险评价[J]. 中国地质, 50(3): 897-910. doi: 10.12029/gc20220825003
引用本文: 李剑锋, 冯李霄. 2023. 湖南某锡矿区土壤重金属污染及健康风险评价[J]. 中国地质, 50(3): 897-910. doi: 10.12029/gc20220825003
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LI Jianfeng, FENG Lixiao. 2023. Health risk assessment of heavy metal pollution in soil of a tin mining area in Hunan Province[J]. Geology in China, 50(3): 897-910. doi: 10.12029/gc20220825003
Citation: LI Jianfeng, FENG Lixiao. 2023. Health risk assessment of heavy metal pollution in soil of a tin mining area in Hunan Province[J]. Geology in China, 50(3): 897-910. doi: 10.12029/gc20220825003
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湖南某锡矿区土壤重金属污染及健康风险评价

  • 辽宁师范大学地理科学学院, 辽宁 大连 116029

详细信息
    作者简介: 李剑锋，男，1986年生，博士，讲师，主要从事地貌学与矿床学研究工作；E-mail：317649474@qq.com

  • 中图分类号: X53

Health risk assessment of heavy metal pollution in soil of a tin mining area in Hunan Province

  • College of Geographic Science, Liaoning Normal University, Dalian 116029, Liaoning, China

More Information
    Author Bio: LI Jianfeng, male, born in 1986, doctor, lecturer, mainly engaged in geomorphology and mineralogy research; E-mail: 317649474@qq.com .

    摘要
  • 研究目的

    本文采集表层土壤114件、柱状土壤3组，分析测定Cu、Pb、Zn、Cr、Cd、As、Hg等7种重金属元素含量；评价锡矿区周边土壤重金属污染状况与风险。

     研究方法

    采用地累积指数法、潜在生态风险指数法和健康风险评估模型，对该地区污染程度、潜在生态风险和人体健康风险进行评价。

     研究结果

    （1）研究区土壤重金属平均含量表现为As＞Zn＞Pb＞Cu＞Cr＞Cd＞Hg；（2）就空间分布而言，Cu、Pb、Zn、Cd和As富集区主要分布于矿区附近，含量随深度增加而降低，在60 cm之下趋于稳定；Cr富集区主要分布于人口较密集的生活区，Hg分布均匀，无明显富集区；（3）地累积结果显示，研究区As和Cd呈极重污染，Cu、Pb和Zn呈轻—极重污染，Cr和Hg呈现无—轻度污染；（4）潜在生态结果显示，研究区整体处于极重污染水平，As和Cd生态风险最为突出；（5）健康风险评估显示，土壤中As和Pb为主要非致癌因子，As为主要致癌因子；As元素非致癌与致癌风险最大，经口摄入为最主要的暴露途径，儿童健康更易受到重金属污染的威胁。

     结论

    研究区7种重金属均在一定程度上受到人为因素的影响，As和Cd受人为影响程度最大，其次为Pb、Zn和Cu，Cr和Hg受人为影响较弱。

    This paper is the result of mine environmental geological survey engineering.

     Objective

    This paper investigates the status and risk of heavy metal pollution in the soil surrounding a tin mining area, focusing on 7 heavy metal elements, namely Cu, Pb, Zn, Cr, Cd, As and Hg, found in 114 surface soil and three column soil group.

     Methods

    The pollution level, potential ecological risk and human health risk in the area were evaluated using the geo-accumulation index method, potential ecological risk index method and health risk assessment model.

     Results

    The average content of soil heavy metals in the study area manifested that As > Zn > Pb > Cu > Cr > Cd > Hg. In terms of spatial distribution, the elements Cu, Pb, Zn, Cd and As are predominantly concentrated near the mine area, exhibiting a decrease in content as the soil depth increases and tend to be stable below 60cm. The Cr element is primarily localized within congested area. While the Hg element displays a uniform distribution. The results of the cumulative land show that the As and Cd exhibit high levels of pollution, while Cu, Pb and Zn display low-heavy level polluted. The Cr and Hg elements show low-no level pollution in the study area. Potential ecological results reveal that the study area experiences high pollution levels, with As and Cd posing the most severe ecological risks. Health risk assessment shows that As and Pb elements in the soil are the main non-carcinogenic factors and the As element is the main carcinogenic factor. The As element is the main risk of non-carcinogenic and carcinogenicity. The oral ingestion is the main route of exposure, and children are more vulnerable to heavy metal pollution.

     Conclusion

    To varying degrees, anthropogenic activities have influenced the presence of all seven heavy metals within the study area. The As and Cd elements are the most influenced by humans, followed by Pb, Zn and Cu. The Cr and Hg elements have been less affected by humans.
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  • 图 1  研究区概况（a）与采样点位置（b）

    Figure 1. 

    下载: 全尺寸图片 幻灯片

    图 2  表层土壤重金属含量空间分布

    Figure 2. 

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    图 3  柱状土壤重金属含量空间分布

    Figure 3. 

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    图 4  土壤重金属地累积指数污染占比

    Figure 4. 

    下载: 全尺寸图片 幻灯片

    图 5  土壤重金属潜在生态风险指数箱型图

    Figure 5. 

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    表 1  地累积指数污染程度分级

    Table 1.  Classifications of geo-accumulation index pollution level

    下载: 导出CSV

    表 2  潜在生态风险评价等级划分

    Table 2.  Classifications potential ecological risk evaluation level

    下载: 导出CSV

    表 3  健康风险评估模型暴露参数

    Table 3.  Exposure parameters of health risk assessment model exposure parameters

    下载: 导出CSV

    表 4  不同暴露途径的参考剂量(RfD)和斜率因子(SF)

    Table 4.  Reference dose (RfD) and slope factor (SF) of different exposure routes

    下载: 导出CSV

    表 5  研究区土壤重金属含量特征分析(mg/kg)

    Table 5.  Characterization of soil heavy metal content in the study area (mg/kg)

    下载: 导出CSV

    表 6  土壤重金属非致癌平均日暴露量(mg/(kg·d))

    Table 6.  Average daily exposure of non-carcinogenic heavy metals in soils (mg/(kg·d))

    下载: 导出CSV

    表 7  土壤重金属致癌平均日暴露量(mg/(kg·d))

    Table 7.  Average daily exposure of soil heavy metals causing cancer (mg/(kg·d))

    下载: 导出CSV

    表 8  土壤重金属非致癌健康风险指数

    Table 8.  Non-carcinogenic health risk index of soil heavy metal

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    表 9  土壤重金属致癌健康风险指数

    Table 9.  Cancer health risk index of soil heavy metal

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收稿日期:  2022-08-25
修回日期:  2023-02-15
刊出日期:  2023-06-25

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