Analysis of the Genesis and H−O−S−Pb Isotopic Characteristics of Aqiyin Gold Deposit in the Western Section of the East Kunlun
-
摘要:
阿其音金矿是东昆仑西段近年来新发现的一处金矿产地，笔者对该矿床成矿期含黄铁矿石英细网脉型金矿石开展流体包裹体分析、石英脉中流体H−O同位素分析、黄铁矿及毒砂S−Pb同位素分析。结果显示，包裹体均一温度为167～356.9 ℃，盐度主要为3.21～9.99 wt% NaCleqv，密度为0.65～0.94 g/cm3，成矿流体具有中温、低盐度、低密度的特征。含矿石英脉 δDV-SMOW值为−90.3‰～−98.7‰，δ18O石英V-SMOW值为9.4‰～11.3‰。硫化物δ34S值为11.6‰～13.9‰，208Pb/204Pb值为38.067～38.651，207Pb/204Pb值为15.598～15.681，206Pb/204Pb值为18.122～18.553，μ值为9.49～9.61。结合阿其音金矿成矿地质背景，认为含矿热液为变质水与大气降水的混合，S主要来源于动力变质作用，Pb显示出造山带铅源的特征，成因类型为造山型（构造蚀变岩型）金矿。
Abstract:Aqiyin gold deposit is a newly discovered gold deposit in the western section of East Kunlun in recent years.In order to explore the genesis of the deposit, the characteristics of ore−forming fluid and the source of ore−forming materials, and establish the metallogenic model, the fluid inclusion analysis of pyrite bearing quartz fine mesh vein type gold ore in the metallogenic period was carried out, and the isotopic analysis of fluid H−O, pyrite and arsenopyrite S−Pb in quartz vein was carried out. The results show that the homogenization temperature of inclusions is 167～356.9℃, the salinity is mainly concentrated between 3.21～9.99 wt% NaCleqv, and the density is 0.65～0.94 g/cm3. The ore-forming fluid has the characteristics of medium temperature, low salinity and low density. The fluid inclusions in ore bearing quartz vein have δDv-smow values of −90.3‰～−98.7‰, δ18O of 9.4‰～11.3‰ and δ34S of 11.6 ‰～13.9 ‰. The Pb isotopes of Au−bearing pyrite vary from 38.067 to 38.651, from 15.598 to 15.681, and from 18.122 to 18.533 for 208Pb/204Pb, 207Pb/204Pb and 206Pb/204Pb ratios, respectively. The values of μ are from 9.49 to 9.61. Combined with the geological background of the Aqiyin gold deposit, the author hold that the ore–bearing hydrothermal fluid is a mixture of metamorphic water and meteoric water, sulfur is mainly derived from dynamic metamorphism, and lead shows the characteristics of lead source in orogenic belt. The genetic type is orogenic (tectonic altered rock type) gold deposit.
-
Key words:
- fluid inclusions /
- H–O–S–Pb isotope /
- genesis of deposit /
- Aqiyin gold deposit /
- East Kunlun /
- Qinghai Province
-
-
图 13 阿其音金矿矿石硫化物Pb同位素构造模式图（据Zartman et al.，1981）
Figure 13.
表 1 阿其音金矿含黄铁矿石英细脉中的流体包裹体测试结果表
Table 1. Test results of fluid inclusions in pyrite bearing quartz veinlets in Aqiyin gold deposit
序号 样品号 包裹体
类型测试数 大小（μm） 气液比（%） Tm（℃） Th（℃） S（wt%NaCleqv） ρ（g/cm3） 1 AQYZK0001-Y1 Ⅰ型 8 4～8 20～30 −6.2～−2.2 167～356.9 3.69～9.47 0.67～0.95 2 AQYZK0001-Y2 Ⅰ型 11 3～10 20～30 −6.6～−1.5 200～348.4 2.56～9.99 0.65～0.94 3 AQYZK0001-Y3 Ⅰ型 6 7～10 20～30 −6.8～−2 173.9～323.3 3.37～10.24 0.79～0.93 4 AQYZK0001-Y5 Ⅰ型 10 6～10 20～30 −6.9～−1.2 191.5～295.1 2.06～10.37 0.77～0.91 注：测试工作在自然资源部东北亚矿产资源评价重点实验室完成。 
下载: 导出CSV
表 2 阿其音金矿成矿流体H、O同位素组成表
Table 2. Results of H and O isotopic composition of ore–forming fluids in Aqiyin gold deposit
样品号 测试矿物 δDV-SMOW（‰） δ18O石英V-SMOW （‰） Th（℃） δ18O水V-SMOW （‰） AQYZK001-D1 石英 −93.1 9.4 346 3.48 AQYZK001-D2 石英 −98.2 9.7 274 1.31 AQYZK001-D5 石英 −98.7 10.6 274 2.21 AQYZK001-D6 石英 −90.3 11.3 282 3.23
下载: 导出CSV
表 3 阿其音金矿S同位素分析结果表
Table 3. Sulfur isotope analysis results of Aqiyin gold deposit
样品号 矿物 样品描述 δ34SV-CDT（‰） AQYZK001-D1 黄铁矿 石英脉 13.9 AQYZK001-D2 黄铁矿 石英脉 13.4 AQYZK001-D3 黄铁矿 石英脉 12.2 AQYZK001-D5 黄铁矿 石英脉 11.6 AQYZK001-D7 毒砂 毒砂 12.4
下载: 导出CSV
表 4 阿其音金矿铅同位素分析结果表
Table 4. Lead isotope analysis results of Aqiyin gold deposit
样品原号 矿物 样品描述 208Pb/204Pb 207Pb/204Pb 206Pb/204Pb μ △β △γ Th/U AQYZK001-D1 黄铁矿 石英脉 38.651 15.681 18.518 9.61 23.42 39.71 3.78 AQYZK001-D2 黄铁矿 石英脉 38.067 15.598 18.122 9.49 18.91 32.08 3.73 AQYZK001-D3 黄铁矿 石英脉 38.512 15.654 18.492 9.56 21.6 35.36 3.73 AQYZK001-D5 黄铁矿 石英脉 38.575 15.652 18.553 9.55 21.27 35 3.73 AQYZK001-D7 毒砂 毒砂 38.546 15.647 18.712 9.53 20.46 28.96 3.63
下载: 导出CSV
-
[1] 陈伯林. 东昆仑五龙沟金矿田地质特征与成矿地质体厘定[J]. 地质学报, 2019, 93(1): 179-196
CHEN Bailin. Geological characteristics of the Wulonggou gold ore field and determination of metallogenic geological bodies in East Kunlun Mountains. Acta Geologica Sinica, 2019, 93(1): 179-196.
[2] 程龙. 青海东昆仑五龙沟矿集区红旗沟金矿地质地球化学特征及成因研究[D]. 长春: 吉林大学, 2020
CHENG Long. Study on the Geological and Geochemical Characteristics and Genesis of Hongqigou Gold Deposit, Wulonggou Ore Concentration Area, East Kunlun, Qinghai Province[D]. Changchun: Jilin University, 2020.
[3] 窦光源, 刘世宝, 祁昌炜等. 青海果洛龙洼金矿床流体包裹体研究[J]. 矿产勘查, 2016, 7(4): 569-574
DOU Guangyuan, LIU Shibao, QI Changwei, et al. Fluid inclusion characteristics of Guoluolongwa gold deposit in Qinghai[J]. Mineral exploration, 2016, 7(4): 569-574.
[4] 杜玉良, 贾群子, 韩生福, 等. 青海东昆仑成矿带中生代构造-岩浆-成矿作用及铜金多金属找矿研究[J]. 西北地质, 2012, 45(04): 69-75
DU Yuliang, JIA Qunzi, HAN Shengfu, et al. Mesozoic tectono-magmatic mineralization and copper-gold poly-metallic prospecting in East Kunlun metallogenic belt of Qinghai province[J]. Northwestern Geology, 2012, 45(04): 69-75.
[5] 丰成友, 张德全, 佘宏全, 等. 韧性剪切构造演化及其对金成矿的制约-以青海野骆驼泉金矿为例[J]. 矿床地质, 2002, 21: 582-585
FENG Chengyou, ZHANG Dequan, SHE Hongquan, et al. Structural Evolution of Ductile Shear Belt and Its Constraints on Gold Mineralizations: Examplified by Yeluotuoquan Gold Deposit, Qinghai Province [J]. Mineral Deposits, 2002, 21: 582-585.
[6] 丰成友. 青海东昆仑地区的复合造山过程及造山型金矿床成矿作用[D]. 北京: 中国地质科学院, 2002
FENG Chengyou. Multiple Orogenic Processes and Mineralization of Orogenic Gold Deposits in the East Kunlun Orogen, Qinghai Province[D]. Beijing: Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences, 2002.
[7] 国显正, 栗亚芝, 贾群子, 等. 东昆仑五龙沟金多金属矿集区晚二叠世-三叠纪岩浆岩年代学、地球化学及其构造意义[J]. 岩石学报, 2018, 034(08): 2359-2379
GUO Xianzheng, LI Yazhi, JIA Qunzi, et al. Geochronology and geochemistry of the Wulonggou orefield related granites in Late Permian-Triassic East Kunlun: Implication for metallogenic tectonic[J]. Acta Petrologica Sinica, 2018, 034(08): 2359-2379.
[8] 郝娜娜, 袁万明, 张爱奎等. 东昆仑祁漫塔格晚志留世-早泥盆世花岗岩: 年代学、地球化学及形成环境[J]. 地质论评, 2014, 60(1): 201-215
HAO NanamYUAN Wanming, ZHANG Aikuim, et al. Late Silurian to Early Devonian Granitoids in the Qimantage Area, East Kunlun Mountains: LA-ICP-MS zircon U-Pb Ages, Geochemical Features and Geological Setting. Geological review, 2014, 60(1): 201-215.
[9] 胡继春, 陈静, 何书跃等. 东昆仑五龙沟地区糜棱岩化花岗岩年代学、岩石成因及其构造意义[J]. 西北地质, 2017, 50(3): 54-64
Hu Jichun, Chen Jing, He Shuyue, et al. Geochronology and Petrogenesis of Mylonitized Granite from Wulonggou Area in East Kunlun and Its Tectonic Significance[J]. Northwestern geology, 2017, 50(3): 54-64.
[10] 贾群子, 杜玉良, 栗亚芝, 等. 青海省金属矿产成矿条件和成矿预测[M]. 北京: 地质出版社, 2016
JIA Qunzi, DU Yuliang, LI Yazhi, et al. Metallogenic conditions and metallogenic prediction of Qinghai metal minerals[M]. Beijing: Geological Publishing House, 2016.
[11] 寇林林, 罗明非, 钟康惠, 等. 青海五龙沟金矿矿集区I号韧性剪切带40Ar/39Ar年龄及地质意义[J]. 新疆地质, 2010, 28(3): 330-333
Kou Linlin, Luo Mingfei, Zhong Kanghui, et al. 40Ar/39Ar Dating of theⅠGold-bearing shear zone on the Gold-ore collected belt of the Wulonggou, Qinghai, and its significance[J]. XinJiang Geology, 2010, 28(3): 330-333.
[12] 赖健清, 鞠培姣, 周凤. 青海省果洛龙洼金矿多因复成成矿作用[J]. 中国有色金属学报, 2016, 26(2): 402-414
LAI Jianqing, JU Peijiao, ZHOU Feng. Polygenetic compound mineralization of Guoluolongwa gold deposit in Qinghai Province, China[J]. The Chinese Journal of Nonferrous Metals, 2016, 26(2): 402-414.
[13] 李碧乐, 沈鑫, 陈广俊, 等. 青海东昆仑阿斯哈金矿I号脉成矿流体地球化学特征和矿床成因[J]. 吉林大学学报(地球科学版), 2012, 42(6): 1676-1687
Li Bile, Shen Xin, Chen Guangjun, et al. Geochemical Features of Ore-Forming Fluids and Metallogenesis of Vein I in Asiha Gold Ore Deposit, Eastern Kunlun, Qinghai Province[J]. Journal of Jilin University(Earth Science Edition), 2012, 42(6): 1676-1687.
[14] 李建兵. 青海省格尔木市雪山峰地区1∶5万J46E022008、J46E022009、J46E023008、J46E023009四幅区域地质矿产调查报告[R]. 青海省第三地质勘查院, 2017.
[15] 李金超. 青海东昆仑地区金矿成矿规律及成矿预测[D]. 西安: 长安大学, 2017
LI Jinchao. Metallogenic regularity and metallogenic prognosis of Gold Deposit in the East Kunlun Orogen, Qinghai Province[D]. Xi’an: Chang’an University, 2017.
[16] 李文渊, 董福辰, 姜寒冰, 等. 西北地区重要金属矿产成矿特征及其找矿潜力[J]西北地质, 2006, 39(02): 1-16
LI Wenyuan, DONG Fuchen, JIANG Hanbing, et al. Metallogenic characteristics and prospecting potential of important metal minerals in northwest China[J]. Geology of northwest China, 2006, 39(02): 1-16.
[17] 刘斌, 段光贤. NaCl-H2O溶液包裹体的密度式和等容式及其应用[J]. 矿物学报, 1987, 7(4): 345-352
LIU Bin, DUAN Guangxian. The density and isochoric formulae for NaCl-H2O fluid inclusions (salinity≤25%) and their applications[J]. Acta Mineralgica sinica, 1987, 7(4): 345-352.
[18] 刘彬, 马昌前, 张金阳等. 东昆仑造山带东段早泥盆世侵入岩的成因及其对早古生代造山作用的指示[J]. 岩石学报, 2012, 28(6): 1785-1807
Liu Bin, Ma Changqian, Zhang Jinyang, et al. Petrogenesis of Early Devonian intrusive rocks in the east part of Eastern Kunlun Orogen and implication for Early Palaeozoic orogenic processes. Acta Petrologica Sinica, 2012, 28(6): 1785-1807.
[19] 卢寅花, 王力, 盛建华等. 东昆仑造山带东段那更龙洼金矿区富闪镁铁质岩形成时代、地球化学特征及其构造背景与金矿化关系[J]. 黄金, 2020, 41(11): 5-15
Lu Yinhua, Wang Li, Sheng Jianhua, et al. Relationship between formation age, geochemical characteristics, tectonic setting and gold mineralization of amphibole-rich mafic rocks of the Nagenglongwa Gold Deposit in the eastern part of the East Kunlun orogenic belt. Gold, 2020, 41(11): 5-15.
[20] 路远发. Geokit: 一个用VBA构建的地球化学工具软件包[J]. 地球化学, 2004, 33(5): 459-464
LU Yuanfa. GeoKit-A geochemical toolkit for Microsofe Excel[J]. Geochimica, 2004, 33(5): 459-464.
[21] 罗波, 乔世科, 宋小坤, 等. 青海省格尔木市阿其音浩尔嘎东金多金属矿预查报告[R]. 青海省第三地质勘查院, 2019.
[22] 马国栋, 贾建团, 韩玉等. 青海五龙沟金矿矿床成因及成矿模式探讨[J]. 西北地质, 2016, 49(4): 172-178
Ma Guodong, Jia Jiantuan, Han Yu, et al. Genesis and Metallogenic Model of the Wulonggou Gold Deposit in Qinghai Province[J]. Northwestern geology, 2016, 49(4): 172-178.
[23] 毛景文, 谢桂青, 李晓峰等. 大陆动力学演化与成矿研究: 历史与现状-兼论华南地区在地质历史演化期间大陆增生与成矿作用[J]. 矿床地质, 2005, (03): 193-205
MAO Jingwen, XIE Guiqing, LI Xiaofeng, et al. Geodynamic process and metallogeny: History and present research trend with a special discussion on continental accretion and related metallogeny throughout geological history in South China. Mineral deposits, 2005, (03): 193-205.
[24] 任光利, 梁楠, 张转等. 高光谱标志性蚀变矿物组合在找矿预测中的应用研究-以东昆仑东-西大滩一带金矿床为例[J]. 西北地质, 2018, 51(2): 93-107
REN Guangli, LIANG Nan, ZHANG Zhuan, et al. Iconic Altered Mineral Assemblages on Prospecting Prediction by Hyperspectral Remote Sensing: Example from the Gold Deposits in Dongdatan and Xidatan Region of East Kunlun Mountain[J]. Northwestern Geology, 2018, 51(2): 93-107.
[25] 谭文娟, 赵国斌, 魏建设, 等. 黄河流域矿产资源禀赋、分布规律及开发利用潜力[J]. 西北地质, 2023, 56(2): 163−174.
TAN Wenjuan, ZHAO Guobin, WEI Jianshe, et al. Characteristics, Distribution and Utilization Potential of Mineral Resources in the Yellow River Basin[J]. Northwestern Geology, 2023, 56(2): 163−174.
[26] 肖晔, 丰成友, 李大新等. 青海省果洛龙洼金矿区年代学研究与流体包裹体特征[J]. 地质学报, 2014, 88(5): 895-902
XIAO Ye, FENG Chengyou, LI Daxin, et al. Chronology and Fluid Inclusions of the Guoluolongwa Gold Deposit in Qinghai Province[J]. Acta Geologica Sinica, 2014, 88(5): 895-902.
[27] 颜全治, 裴先治, 李瑞保等. 东昆中构造带沟里地区浅变质地层碎屑锆石U-Pb年龄及其地质意义[J]. 西北地质, 2017, 50(1): 165-181
YAN Quanzhi, PEI Xianzhi, LI Ruibao, et al. Detrital Zircon U-Pb Age and Geological Significance of Metamorphic Strata at Gouli Area in the Central Tectonic Belt of East Kunlun[J]. Northwestern geology, 2017, 50(1): 165-181.
[28] 于涛. 东昆仑五龙沟地区打柴沟金矿地质特征及矿床成因[D]. 长春: 吉林大学, 2022
YU Tao. Geological Characteristics and Genesis of the Dachaigou Gold Deposit in Wulonggou area, East Kunlun Orogenic Belt[D]. Changchun: Jilin University, 2022.
[29] 袁万明, 王世成, 王兰芬. 东昆仑五龙沟金矿床成矿热历史的裂变径迹热年代学证据[J]. 地球学报, 2000, 21(4): 389-395
Yuan Wanming, Wang Shicheng, Wang Lanfen. Metallogenic Thermal Hstory of the Wulonggou Gold Deposits in East Kunlun Mountains in the Light of Fission Track Thermochronology[J]. ACTA GEOSCIENTIA SINICA. 2000, 21(4): 389-395.
[30] 岳维好, 周家喜. 青海东昆仑阿斯哈金矿床含金黄铁矿微量元素地球化学特征及其地质意义[J]. 矿床地质, 2022, 41(1): 106-120
YUE Weihao, Zhou Jiaxi. Trace element characteristics of gold-bearing pyrite from Asiha gold deposit in East Kunlun, Qinghai Province and their geological significance[J]. Mineral deposits, 2022, 41(1): 106-120.
[31] 岳维好, 周家喜, 高建国, 等. 青海都兰县阿斯哈金矿区花岗斑岩岩石地球化学、锆石U-Pb年代学与Hf同位素研究[J]. 大地构造与成矿学, 2017, 41(4): 776-789
Yue Weihao, Zhou Jiaxi, Gao Jianguo, et al. Geochemistry, Zircon U-Pb Dating and Hf Isotopic Compositions of the Granite-porphyry in Asiha Gold Ore District, Dulan County, Qinghai Province[J]. Geotectonica et Metallogenia, 2017, 41(4): 776-789.
[32] 张爱奎, 莫宣学, 张勇等. 东昆仑西段库德尔特金多金属矿床成因探讨[J]. 中国有色金属学报, 2021, 31(12): 3762-3778 doi: 10.1016/S1003-6326(21)65762-X
ZHANG Aikui, MO Xuanxue, ZHANG Yong, et al. Ore genesis of Kudeerte gold-polymetallic deposit in western part of East Kunlun[J]. The Chinese Journal of Nonferrous Metals, 2021, 31(12): 3762-3778. doi: 10.1016/S1003-6326(21)65762-X
[33] 张德全, 党兴彦, 佘宏全, 等. 柴北缘-东昆仑地区造山型金矿床的Ar-Ar测年及其地质意义[J]. 矿床地质, 2005, 24(2): 87-98
Zhang Dequan, Dang Xingyan, She Hongquan, et al. Ar-Ar Dating of Orongenic Gold Deposits in Northern Margin of Qaidam and East Kunlun Mountains and Its Geological Significance[J]. Mineral Deposits, 2005, 24(2): 87-98.
[34] 张德全, 张慧, 丰成友等. 柴北缘-东昆仑地区造山型金矿床的流体包裹体研究[J]. 中国地质, 2007, 34(5): 843-854
ZHANG Dequan, ZHANG Hui, FENG Chengyou, et al. Fluid inclusions in orogenic gold deposits in the northern Qaidam margin-East Kunlun region. Geology in china, 2007, 34(5): 843-854.
[35] 张亮, 李碧乐, 刘磊等. 东昆仑五龙沟地区早泥盆世双峰式侵入岩年代学、地球化学及其地质意义[J]. 岩石学报, 2021, 037(07): 2007-2028
ZHANG Liang, LI Bile, LIU Lei, et al. Geochronology, geochemistry and geological significance of the Early Devonian bimodal intrusive rocks in Wulonggou area, East Kunlun Orogen. Acta Petrologica Sinica, 2021, 37(7): 2007-2028.
[36] 张宇婷. 青海东昆仑中段五龙沟矿集区金矿成矿作用研究[D]. 长春: 吉林大学, 2018
ZHANG Yuting. Research on metallogenesis of gold deposits in the Wulongou Ore Concentration Area, central segment of the east Kunlun Mountains, Qinghai Province [D]. Changchun: Jilin University, 2018.
[37] 赵俊伟. 青海东昆仑造山带造山型金矿床成矿系列研究[D]. 长春: 吉林大学, 2008
ZHAO Junwei. Study on Orogenic Gold Mettallogenic Series in Eastern Kunlun Orogenic Belt, Qinghai Province[D]. Changchun: Jilin University, 2008.
[38] 朱炳泉. 地球科学中同位素体系理论与应用-兼论中国大陆壳幔演化[M]. 北京: 科学出版社, 1998
ZHU Bingquan. Theory and application of isotope system in geosciences-Also on the evolution of crust and mantle in Chinese Mainland[M]. Beijing: Science Press, 1998.
[39] Clayton R N, O’ Neil J R, Mayeda T K. Oxygen isotope exchange between quartz and water[J]. Journal of Geophysical Research, 1972, 77: 3057-3067. doi: 10.1029/JB077i017p03057
[40] Doe B R, Zartman R E. Geochemistry of hydrothermal ore deposits[M]. New York: John Wiley & Sons, 1979: 22−70.
[41] Gammons C H, Williams-Jones A E, Yu Y. New data on the stability of gold (I) chloride complexes at 300℃[J]. Mineral, 1994: 309−310.
[42] Mikucki E J. Hydrothermal transport and depositional processes in Archean lode-gold systems: A review[J]. Ore Geology Reviews, 1998, 13(1-5): 307-321. doi: 10.1016/S0169-1368(97)00025-5
[43] Ohmoto H. Systematics of sulfur and carbon isotopes in hydrothermal ore deposits[J]. Economic Geology, 1972, 67: 551-578. doi: 10.2113/gsecongeo.67.5.551
[44] Pirajno F. Hydrothermal processes and mineral systems[M]. London: Springer, 2009.
[45] Stacey J S, Kramers J D. Approximation of terrestrial lead isotope evolution by a two stage model[J]. Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 1975, 26(6): 207-221.
[46] Zartman R Z, Doe B R. Plumbotectonic the model [J]. Tectonophysics, 1981, 75: 135-162. doi: 10.1016/0040-1951(81)90213-4
-
图(14)
表(4)
计量
- 文章访问数: 1265
- PDF下载数: 70
- 施引文献: 0