Petrogenesis and Tectonic Implications of Daomuti Intrusive Rocks in East Kunlun Orogen: Constraints from the Geochronology and Geochemistry
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摘要:
到木提岩体位于东昆仑造山带东段，主要岩性有二长花岗岩、花岗闪长岩及闪长岩。笔者对新发现的闪长岩进行了锆石U–Pb测年和岩石地球化学测试，以确定其形成时代及岩石成因，结合二长花岗岩和花岗闪长岩的岩石地球化学特征，综合探讨到木提岩体的侵位时代、岩石成因及构造演化程。LA–ICP–MS锆石U–Pb测年获得的闪长岩206Pb/238U年龄为（244.6±1.8）Ma，到木提闪长岩体结晶时代为早三叠世。二长花岗岩和花岗闪长岩的地球化学特征显示：里特曼指数小于3.3，具钙碱性–高钾钙碱性特征；铝饱和指数A/CNK值均小于1.1；岩石中P2O5含量普遍较低，且与SiO2含量呈负相关性；富集K、Rb、La等LILE，亏损Nb、Ta、Ti、P等HFSE。地球化学特征表明，到木提岩体属于I型花岗岩。综合分析认为，东昆仑东段到木提岩体是下地壳岩石发生部分熔融形成的火山弧花岗岩，阿尼玛卿洋俯冲作用可以持续到早—中三叠世，俯冲过程中形成区域性的地幔岩浆底侵就是导致下地壳熔融的热源，且幔源岩浆不同程度混入到到木提岩浆演化中，岩浆演化中伴有一定的结晶分异发生。
Abstract:The Daomuti intrusive rocks is located in the eastern section of the East Kunlun orogenic belt, and mainly includes monzogranite, granodiorite and diorite. In this paper, zircon U–Pb dating and petrogeochemical tests are performed on newly discovered diorite to determine its crystalline age and petrogenesis. Comprehensively analyse the petrogeochemical characteristics of monzogranite and granodiorite, and discuss the emplacement age, rock genesis and tectonic evolution of the Daomuti intrusive rocks. LA–ICP–MS zircon U–Pb dating analysis shows that the 206Pb/238U weighted average age of diorite is (244.6±1.8) Ma, and the crystallization age of the diorite is Early Triassic. The geochemical characteristics of the monzogranite and granodiorite show that the Ritman index is greater than 3.3 and has the characteristics of calcium alkalinity–high potassium calcium alkalinity; the aluminum saturation index A/CNK values are less than 1.1; the P2O5 content in the rocks is low, and its has a negative correlation with SiO2 content; It is enriched with LILE such as K, Rb, La, and loses HFSE such as Nb, Ta, Ti and P. The above characteristics indicate that the Daomuti intrusive rocks belongs to type I granite. Based on the research results of this paper, it can be considered that the Daomuti intrusive rocks is a volcanic arc granite, its formed by partial melting of the lower crust rocks, and the Animaqing Ocean subduction continued to the Early–Middle Triassic The mantle magma underplating during the subduction process is the heat source that causes the melting of the lower crust, and the mantle source magma is mixed into the Daomuti intrusive rocks’ magma evolution, and during the Daomuti intrusive rocks’ magma evolution occurred fractional crystallization.
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Key words:
- diorite /
- granodiorite /
- monzogranite /
- geochemistry /
- zircon U–Pb dating /
- tectonic setting /
- east Kunlun orogeny
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图 4 到木提岩体的TAS图解（a）（据Irvine et al.，1971；Middlemost，1994）、K2O–SiO2图解（b）（据Rickwood，1989）和A/CNK–A/NK图解（c）（据Maniar et al.，1989）
Figure 4.
图 5 到木提岩体的球粒陨石标准化稀土元素配分图（a）（标准化值据Boynton，1984）和原始地幔标准化微量元素蛛网图（b）（标准化值据Sun et al.，1989）
Figure 5.
图 6 到木提岩体的成因判别图解（据Collins et al.，1982）
Figure 6.
图 7 二长花岗岩和花岗闪长岩构造环境判别图解（据Pearce et al.，1984）
Figure 7.
表 1 闪长岩的锆石LA–ICP–MS U–Pb测年分析结果统计表
Table 1. LA–ICP–MS U–Pb zircon analysis results for diorite
样品
编号元素含量
（10−6）Th/U 同位素比值 同位素年龄 Th U 比值 207Pb/206Pb 1σ 207Pb/235U 1σ 206Pb/238U 1σ 207Pb/206Pb 1σ 207Pb/235U 1σ 206Pb/238U 1σ T05 11.4 28.2 0.4058 0.0523 0.0032 0.2720 0.0167 0.0384 0.0007 300 139 244 13 243 4 T06 15.7 40.9 0.3848 0.0527 0.0036 0.2733 0.0170 0.0388 0.0007 318 153 245 14 245 5 T07 12.8 27.4 0.4662 0.0534 0.0035 0.2746 0.0179 0.0387 0.0009 348 148 246 14 245 5 T08 13.7 36.3 0.3774 0.0523 0.0034 0.2679 0.0156 0.0386 0.0007 300 146 241 13 244 4 T09 14.9 39.6 0.3757 0.0532 0.0035 0.2732 0.0171 0.0385 0.0007 339 150 245 14 244 4 T10 11.9 32.5 0.3661 0.0548 0.0031 0.2784 0.0146 0.0381 0.0006 405 125 249 12 241 4 T12 15.5 45.3 0.3416 0.0516 0.0023 0.2707 0.0116 0.0387 0.0005 266 102 243 9 245 3 T13 9.4 26.3 0.3563 0.0538 0.0035 0.2746 0.0176 0.0383 0.0007 361 147 246 14 242 4 T14 15.2 34.2 0.4435 0.0540 0.0033 0.2798 0.0169 0.0381 0.0007 370 137 250 13 241 5 T15 12.4 23.0 0.5400 0.0554 0.0059 0.2733 0.0271 0.0383 0.0009 428 236 245 22 242 6 T16 15.8 41.1 0.3836 0.0542 0.0036 0.2823 0.0177 0.0387 0.0009 381 149 252 14 245 5 T20 19.1 64.1 0.2981 0.0521 0.0031 0.2738 0.0162 0.0386 0.0008 290 136 246 13 244 5 T21 16.6 42.1 0.3942 0.0541 0.0041 0.2823 0.0206 0.0390 0.0008 375 171 253 16 247 5 T22 14.5 34.6 0.4179 0.0514 0.0041 0.2719 0.0211 0.0392 0.0012 258 184 244 17 248 7 T23 13.5 37.8 0.3589 0.0543 0.0033 0.2894 0.0180 0.0394 0.0008 385 138 258 14 249 5 T24 10.7 31.6 0.3380 0.0529 0.0028 0.2738 0.0141 0.0391 0.0007 324 119 246 11 247 5 T25 19.2 41.7 0.4610 0.0538 0.0032 0.2788 0.0148 0.0392 0.0006 362 136 250 12 248 4 T26 16.0 48.1 0.3332 0.0518 0.0032 0.2701 0.0161 0.0383 0.0008 274 140 243 13 242 5 T27 13.9 39.4 0.3519 0.0533 0.0028 0.2822 0.0142 0.0393 0.0006 340 118 252 11 248 4 T29 11.2 28.6 0.3925 0.0550 0.0034 0.2750 0.0161 0.0385 0.0007 410 140 247 13 244 4 T30 13.7 37.8 0.3617 0.0525 0.0028 0.2715 0.0133 0.0387 0.0006 306 121 244 11 244 4 T31 20.8 63.7 0.3260 0.0491 0.0021 0.2593 0.0112 0.0386 0.0005 150 101 234 9 244 3 注：测试单位为北京燕都中实测试技术有限公司，测试时间为2019年。 
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表 2 到木提岩体的常量元素（%）、稀土和微量元素数据（10–6）统计表
Table 2. Major (%) and trace (10–6) element compositions of Daomuti intrusive rocks
岩性 二长花岗岩 花岗闪长岩 闪长岩 样品号 2PM2-1 2PM37-1 3PM2-1 3PM3-1 3PM4-1 3PM10-1 3PM14-1 2PM8-1 2PM18-1 2PM30-1 3PM1-1 3PM5-1 3PM8-1 2PM47-1 2PM48-1 2PM48-2 SiO2 74.47 72.12 77.06 76.61 76.65 70.32 77.09 74.98 72.93 69.65 76.55 71.57 69.03 58.82 50.09 49.51 TiO2 0.13 0.23 0.04 0.04 0.06 0.29 0.04 0.08 0.25 0.35 0.04 0.32 0.37 1.25 1.45 1.48 Al2O3 13.63 14.24 12.29 12.71 12.41 14.97 12.43 13.09 13.44 15.19 12.62 14.22 15.26 15.06 18.63 18.63 TFe2O3 1.63 2.80 1.41 1.41 1.57 3.10 1.33 2.01 3.44 3.58 1.37 3.26 3.76 8.80 13.40 14.26 MnO 0.04 0.09 0.06 0.05 0.07 0.09 0.04 0.05 0.09 0.08 0.06 0.08 0.10 0.16 0.21 0.23 MgO 0.33 0.65 0.16 0.13 0.21 0.77 0.15 0.38 0.48 0.89 0.15 0.72 0.94 2.88 1.79 1.92 CaO 0.88 1.53 0.79 0.70 0.86 2.21 0.30 0.79 2.05 3.57 0.78 3.00 3.06 5.92 7.89 8.07 Na2O 5.15 4.18 3.92 3.82 3.75 4.18 3.60 3.98 4.46 4.02 3.81 3.87 3.91 2.74 3.29 3.23 K2O 2.73 3.00 3.61 3.98 3.71 2.74 4.81 4.00 1.75 1.49 4.09 1.91 2.45 2.34 1.08 0.87 P2O5 0.06 0.07 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.09 0.01 0.04 0.06 0.11 0.02 0.08 0.12 0.13 0.48 0.48 LOI 0.90 0.99 0.65 0.36 0.49 1.14 0.31 0.97 0.77 0.70 0.35 0.58 0.67 1.50 1.08 0.71 Total 99.94 99.91 100.01 99.83 99.79 99.89 100.10 100.37 99.72 99.64 99.83 99.59 99.66 99.60 99.39 99.40 A/CNK 1.05 1.10 1.04 1.07 1.05 1.08 1.06 1.06 1.04 1.03 1.04 1.02 1.04 0.84 0.89 0.89 A/NK 1.19 1.40 1.19 1.20 1.22 1.52 1.11 1.20 1.45 1.85 1.18 1.69 1.68 2.14 2.83 2.98 Mg# 28.43 31.60 18.58 15.77 20.89 32.94 18.30 27.47 21.58 32.93 17.71 30.37 33.19 39.33 20.95 21.08 K2O/Na2O 0.53 0.72 0.92 1.04 0.99 0.66 1.33 1.01 0.39 0.37 1.07 0.49 0.63 0.85 0.33 0.27 σ 1.97 1.76 1.66 1.81 1.65 1.74 2.07 1.99 1.28 1.13 1.86 1.16 1.54 1.58 2.48 2.41 La 42.36 34.01 38.28 36.21 42.56 53.79 13.90 18.77 58.25 19.08 36.03 70.02 46.41 21.69 45.80 42.20 Ce 70.63 60.52 63.91 61.96 72.30 93.99 33.33 34.71 108.19 34.65 63.26 121.93 84.38 43.62 83.51 83.15 Pr 6.65 5.44 5.46 5.22 5.98 7.16 3.28 3.16 10.00 3.03 5.60 9.09 6.51 4.56 8.40 8.37 Nd 25.83 20.28 23.49 22.89 26.21 29.48 18.42 13.75 39.99 12.85 23.54 39.03 28.03 21.43 41.78 41.04 Sm 4.67 3.57 4.24 4.27 4.64 4.06 5.19 2.84 7.16 2.13 4.66 5.32 4.34 4.99 7.58 7.61 Eu 1.37 1.07 1.10 1.00 1.14 1.38 0.31 0.86 2.61 1.42 0.94 1.69 1.51 1.88 3.56 3.44 Gd 6.21 4.46 5.15 5.29 5.98 5.10 7.64 3.67 8.61 2.66 5.65 7.43 5.45 6.53 8.73 8.74 Tb 0.81 0.67 0.75 0.80 0.81 0.58 1.65 0.66 1.21 0.34 0.84 0.81 0.69 1.12 1.20 1.22 Dy 4.43 3.75 3.88 4.82 4.45 2.74 10.17 4.17 5.67 1.65 4.88 3.71 3.28 6.00 5.83 5.91 Ho 0.89 0.82 0.87 1.02 0.93 0.59 2.33 0.92 1.24 0.36 1.01 0.84 0.74 1.36 1.29 1.35
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续表2 岩性 二长花岗岩 花岗闪长岩 闪长岩 样品号 2PM2-1 2PM37-1 3PM2-1 3PM3-1 3PM4-1 3PM10-1 3PM14-1 2PM8-1 2PM18-1 2PM30-1 3PM1-1 3PM5-1 3PM8-1 2PM47-1 2PM48-1 2PM48-2 Er 2.50 2.45 2.55 3.06 2.75 1.76 6.58 2.83 3.43 1.09 2.99 2.43 2.13 3.78 3.66 3.84 Tm 0.39 0.40 0.40 0.50 0.46 0.29 0.99 0.48 0.46 0.19 0.48 0.37 0.31 0.53 0.50 0.52 Yb 2.48 2.59 2.57 3.19 2.99 1.74 6.49 3.13 2.67 1.30 3.06 2.43 2.09 3.35 3.13 3.25 Lu 0.38 0.39 0.34 0.42 0.40 0.25 0.70 0.47 0.38 0.24 0.40 0.33 0.27 0.46 0.45 0.47 ∑REE 169.59 140.41 153.00 150.65 171.60 202.91 110.98 90.43 249.86 81.00 153.33 265.43 186.12 121.30 215.43 211.12 LREE 151.51 124.88 136.48 131.55 152.83 189.86 74.44 74.09 226.20 73.16 134.02 247.08 171.17 98.17 190.63 185.82 HREE 18.08 15.53 16.52 19.10 18.77 13.05 36.54 16.33 23.67 7.84 19.32 18.35 14.95 23.13 24.79 25.30 LREE/HREE 8.38 8.04 8.26 6.89 8.14 14.55 2.04 4.54 9.56 9.33 6.94 13.47 11.45 4.24 7.69 7.34 δEu 0.78 0.82 0.72 0.64 0.66 0.92 0.15 0.81 1.01 1.82 0.56 0.82 0.95 1.01 1.33 1.29 Ba 692.59 775.97 1477.96 1330.70 1535.58 956.45 251.43 895.83 880.88 659.55 1234.95 761.41 954.30 549.35 361.61 261.73 Th 10.97 23.70 25.93 30.34 25.06 17.60 15.94 22.32 11.25 12.02 30.53 14.74 15.09 11.72 9.10 8.75 Nb 10.43 12.63 15.10 15.89 12.53 14.77 21.91 10.74 18.55 10.89 15.53 13.69 12.63 47.53 16.68 16.51 Sr 203.31 192.30 74.15 78.71 268.33 63.24 32.08 137.87 230.91 303.60 65.77 247.06 307.76 290.15 481.48 465.38 Zr 126.42 114.50 61.95 89.23 104.56 197.03 113.27 104.32 240.48 242.56 74.99 295.24 203.41 219.86 416.36 623.22 Ti 1059.90 1601.06 448.00 421.98 558.29 2123.53 413.66 724.60 1843.01 2377.33 385.92 2212.97 2361.55 8420.51 9460.81 9216.83 Rb 68.16 80.96 86.36 110.23 109.17 58.06 180.23 110.88 62.36 58.14 125.74 56.94 66.82 88.97 39.04 32.11 Ta 0.92 0.94 1.14 1.01 1.51 0.74 2.28 1.26 1.37 0.58 1.19 0.79 0.65 2.29 0.84 0.84 Hf 4.16 3.45 2.43 3.26 3.86 5.33 6.03 3.57 6.76 6.45 2.78 7.77 5.69 5.28 8.76 12.98 U 0.02 0.06 0.02 0.02 0.03 0.04 0.06 0.03 0.07 0.03 0.09 0.02 0.02 0.12 0.15 0.08 Sc 2.96 4.86 3.40 3.45 4.00 4.91 1.11 3.13 8.63 4.41 3.22 8.43 7.40 40.47 43.03 45.41 Cs 0.83 1.73 0.80 2.03 3.52 0.49 1.66 1.38 1.38 1.70 2.71 2.03 1.40 0.89 1.18 1.55 V 9.98 20.96 2.20 2.46 4.11 26.05 1.99 9.63 13.77 35.26 1.60 26.47 30.99 168.41 85.76 84.99 Co 1.95 3.75 0.93 0.89 1.10 4.13 0.78 2.29 3.23 5.68 0.77 4.64 4.95 18.38 13.19 13.66 Ni 3.27 3.33 2.91 1.24 1.88 5.55 1.44 3.19 2.07 3.32 1.60 2.79 3.07 6.05 3.02 16.55 Y 26.87 24.41 26.83 30.93 28.48 16.38 56.04 27.87 29.96 9.84 30.47 23.43 19.75 33.94 31.90 32.45 Th/Ce 0.16 0.39 0.41 0.49 0.35 0.19 0.48 0.64 0.10 0.35 0.48 0.12 0.18 0.27 0.11 0.11 Th/La 0.26 0.70 0.68 0.84 0.59 0.33 1.15 1.19 0.19 0.63 0.85 0.21 0.33 0.54 0.20 0.21 Nb/Ta 11.29 13.46 13.29 14.56 10.51 16.84 9.60 8.55 13.58 18.76 13.02 17.24 19.44 20.79 19.76 19.66 注：Mg#=100*Mg / （Mg+Fe）；测试单位为北京燕都中实测试技术有限公司，测试时间为2019年。
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