浐河流域汛期地表水水化学组成特征及其成因

朱娅娣; 王瑞媛; 李东泽; 许志平; 孙康

doi:10.12401/j.nwg.2023161

浐河流域汛期地表水水化学组成特征及其成因

1.
陕西师范大学地理科学与旅游学院，陕西西安　710119

基金项目: 陕西省博士后科学基金“浐河流域黄土次生碳酸盐的溶蚀过程与碳汇效应”（2016BSHEDZZ27 ）、西安市科技局软科学项目“绿色发展理念下秦岭北麓矿山生态环境破坏的精细化识别与创新修复模式研究”（22RKYJ0039 ）联合资助。

详细信息

作者简介: 朱娅娣（1996−），女，硕士研究生，主要研究方向为生态环境评价与治理。 E–mail：zhuyadi@snnu.edu.cn

通讯作者: 王瑞媛（1981−），实验师，主要研究方向环境污染物研究。 E–mail：wangry@snnu.edu.cn。

中图分类号: P322.7

收稿日期: 2022-10-01

修回日期: 2023-08-15

录用日期: 2023-08-16

刊出日期: 2024-04-20

Hydrochemical Characteristics of Surface Water in Flood Season, Chan River Basin

1.
School of Geography and tourism, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi’an 710119, Shaanxi, China

More Information

Corresponding author: WANG Ruiyuan, wangry@snnu.edu.cn

Received Date: 01 October 2022

Revised Date: 15 August 2023

Accepted Date: 16 August 2023

Publish Date: 20 April 2024

摘要

摘要:
为研究浐河流域汛期地表水水化学特征及离子来源，完善区域水资源管理合理化的建议，共采集浐河流域地表水样10份，结合空间分布图、Piper三角图、Gibbs图、离子相关分析等方法，分析了浐河流域水化学特征、空间差异特征、主要离子来源及控制因素。结果表明：①浐河流域汛期水体整体呈弱碱性，TDS均值低于同流域枯水期均值但高于全球河流均值。②优势阳离子为Ca²⁺和Na⁺，优势阴离子为HCO₃⁻，水化学类型以Na-HCO₃为主，整体上主要离子含量呈现ES低WN高的趋势。③浐河流域主要受硅酸盐岩风化的控制作用，且存在受蒸发岩溶解影响的情况。同时，本研究也为开采和保护源头水、发展用于工业的中游水，警惕下游水发生污染事件，合理利用水资源，解决西安缺水问题等方面提供参考。
- 浐河流域 /
- 汛期 /
- 水化学特征 /
- 控制因素 /
- 离子来源
Abstract:
In order to study the water chemistry characteristics and ion sources of surface water in the Chan River basin during the flood season and to add suggestions to rationalize local water resources management, a total of 10 surface water samples were collected from the Chan River basin and combined with spatial distribution maps, Piper triangles, Gibbs plots and ion correlation analysis to analyze the water chemistry characteristics, spatial variation characteristics, major ion sources and controlling factors in the Chan River basin. The results show that the Chan River basin is weakly alkaline during the flood season, with mean TDS values lower than the mean values during the dry season in the same basin but higher than the global river mean values. The dominant cations are Ca²⁺ and Na⁺, the dominant anion is HCO₃⁻, and the water chemistry type is dominated by Na-HCO₃, with an overall trend of low southeast to high northwest content of the major ions. The Chan River basin is mainly controlled by the weathering of silicate rocks and is subject to the influence of evaporite dissolution. In order to address the water shortage issue in Xi'an, we must simultaneously exploit and safeguard source water, develop midstream water for industrial use, prevent pollution events in downstream water, and utilize water resources intelligently.
- Chan River Basin /
- flood season /
- hydrochemical characteristic /
- control factors /
- ion source

HTML全文

图 1 浐河流域采样点位置示意图

Figure 1.

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图 2 浐河流域地表水浓度变化箱形图

Figure 2.

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图 3 浐河流域汛期地表水Piper三线图

Figure 3.

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图 4 浐河流域汛期地表水主要离子的空间分布

Figure 4.

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图 5 浐河流域汛期地表水Gibbs图

Figure 5.

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图 6 浐河流域汛期地表水Ca²⁺/Na⁺与Mg²⁺/Na⁺及Ca²⁺/Na⁺与HCO₃⁻/Na⁺的关系

Figure 6.

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图 7 浐河流域汛期离子来源分析图

Figure 7.

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表 1 浐河流域地表水水化学参数统计

Table 1. Statistics on surface water chemistry parameters in the Chan River basin

河流		pH	ρ（TDS）	ρ（Ca²⁺）	ρ（Na⁺）	ρ（Mg²⁺）	ρ（K⁺）	ρ（Cl⁻）	ρ（SO₄²⁻）	ρ（NO₃⁻）	ρ（HCO₃⁻）
浐河	汛期	8.74	145.50	66.04	90.66	12.81	14.90	7.22	15.29	33.53	133.84
浐河	枯水期（朱娅娣等，2022）	8.90	236.50	86.63	21.78	15.37	18.29	19.90	26.84	63.77	137.75
全球河流均值（Gaillardet j DBLP，1999）		-	100	8	4.7	2.4	0.1	3.9	4.9	1	30.5
注：水化学参数中除pH,其余参数单位均为mg/L。

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表 2 浐河流域各采样点流速统计

Table 2. Flow rate statistics for each sampling site in the Chan River basin

采样点编号	流速（m/s）	采样点编号	流速（m/s）
X1	0.16	X6	0.55
X2	0.53	X7	1.55
X3	1.09	X8	0.35
X4	0.7	X9	0.90
X5	1.18	X10	0.20

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表 3 浐河流域汛期地表水水化学参数相关系数分析

Table 3. Analysis of correlation coefficients of surface water chemistry parameters in the Chan River basin during the flood season

	TDS	Ca²⁺	Na⁺	Mg²⁺	K⁺	HCO₃⁻	Cl⁻	SO₄²⁻	NO₃⁻
TDS
Ca²⁺	0.679^*
Na⁺	0.906^**	0.474
Mg²⁺	0.884^**	0.905^**	0.730^*
K⁺	0.951^**	0.626	0.940^**	0.846^**
HCO₃⁻	0.137	0.108	0.073	0.139	0.254
Cl⁻	0.963^**	0.713^*	0.937^**	0.912^**	0.962^**	0.187
SO₄²⁻	−0.298	0.235	−0.378	0.032	−0.431	−0.554	−0.227
NO₃⁻	0.152	0.419	0.149	0.375	0.068	−0.003	0.295	0.588

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