Research on Desulfurization and Ash Reduction of Zichang Coal from Northern Shaanxi Province through Three Inorganic Inhibitors by Flotation
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摘要:
脱硫降灰是实现中高硫煤清洁利用的关键, 而浮选法在细粒煤脱硫中占据了重要的地位。为了提高中高硫煤的浮选脱硫降灰效果, 以陕北子长煤为研究对象, 利用筛分及浮沉试验考察了原煤的颗粒特性, 并对比了三种无毒无机抑制剂氧化钙(CaO)、硫酸铵[(NH4)2SO4]、十水合焦磷酸钠(Na4P2O7·10H2O)以及其组合抑制剂对原煤脱硫降灰效果的影响, 并通过煤岩光片考察了浮选前后煤中黄铁矿的分布变化。结果表明, 浮选后煤岩光片中的黄铁矿分布密度有效下降, CaO的脱硫降灰效果最好, (NH4)2SO4和其相近, Na4P2O7·10H2O脱灰效果次之, 但几乎没有脱硫效果, CaO和(NH4)2SO4在用量分别为4 000 g/t和1 000 g/t时, 精煤硫分最低均为1.83%, 其脱硫效率最高分别为18.28%和12.35%, CaO和(NH4)2SO4组合药剂未展现较好的协同作用, 脱硫脱灰效果均不及三种单种抑制剂, 但对细粒煤的脱硫脱灰有一定的提升作用。CaO和(NH4)2SO4可作黄铁矿的抑制剂提高浮选的脱硫脱灰效率。
Abstract:Desulfurization and ash reduction are the key to clean utilization of medium and high sulfur coal, and flotation plays an important role in fine coal desulfurization. In order to improve the desulfurization and ash reduction effect of medium and high sulfur coal by flotation, taking Zichang coal from northern Shaanxi as the research object, the particle characteristics of raw coal were investigated by screening and float-sink test, and the distribution changes of pyrite in coal before and after flotation were investigated by coal petrography. The desulfurization and ash reduction effects of three non-toxic inorganic corrosion inhibitors: calcium oxide (CaO), ammonium sulfate (NH4)2SO4, sodium pyrophosphate decahydrate (Na4P2O7·10H2O) and their combination inhibitors were compared. The results show that the distribution density of pyrite decreases effectively after flotation, CaO has the best desulfurization and ash reduction effect, which is similar to (NH4)2SO4, followed by Na4P2O7·10H2O, but Na4P2O7·10H2O has almost no desulfurization effect. When the dosage of CaO and (NH4)2SO4 is 4 000 g·t-1 and 1 000 g·t-1, respectively, the sulfur content of cleaned coal is the lowest 1.83%. The highest desulfurization efficiency of CaO and (NH4)2SO4 is 18.28% and 12.35%, respectively. The desulfurization and deashing effect of CaO and (NH4)2SO4 is not as good as the three single inhibitors, but it can improve the desulfurization and deashing effect of fine coal to a certain extent. CaO and (NH4)2SO4 can be used as pyrite inhibitors to improve the desulfurization and the deashing efficiency of flotation.
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Key words:
- coal /
- flotation /
- inorganic inhibitor /
- CaO /
- (NH4)2SO4 /
- desulfurization and ash reduction /
- desulfurization efficiency
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表 1 子长原煤的工业分析和元素分析结果
Table 1. The results of proximate analysis and ultimate analysis of Zichang raw coal
/% 项目 工业分析 元素分析 Mad Aad Vad FCad Cad Had Nad St, ad Oad* 子长煤 3.46 34.10 18.50 43.94 87.50 4.65 1.15 2.54 4.16 注：Oad*是由差减法得出，ad表示空气干燥基，Mad、Aad、Vad、FCad分别代表空气干燥基下样品的水分、灰分、挥发分、固定碳含量。 
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表 2 子长原煤硫的形态分布
Table 2. The results of morphological distribution of sulfur in Zichang raw coal
/% 项目 有机硫 无机硫 全硫 黄铁矿硫 硫酸盐硫 硫分 1.08 1.50 0.02 2.60 分布率 41.54 57.69 0.77 100.00
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表 3 原煤筛分试验结果
Table 3. Results of raw coal screening test
粒级/mm 产率/% 灰分/% 硫分/% 累计 产率/% 灰分/% +0.25 41.70 38.00 2.90 41.70 38.00 0.25~0.125 17.40 31.86 2.67 59.10 36.19 0.125~0.075 28.16 32.46 2.30 87.26 34.99 -0.075 12.74 34.51 2.24 100.00 34.93 总计 100.00 34.93 2.61 - -
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表 4 原煤浮沉试验结果
Table 4. Results of raw coal sink-float test
密度/(kg·L-1) 产率/% 灰分/% 硫分/% 浮物累计 沉物累计 产率/% 灰分/% 产率/% 灰分/% -1.3 23.71 9.59 2.11 23.71 9.59 100.00 33.98 1.3~1.4 31.46 15.97 2.57 55.17 13.23 76.29 41.56 1.4~1.6 16.85 26.84 2.64 72.01 16.41 44.83 59.51 1.6~1.8 3.37 46.99 2.88 75.39 17.78 27.99 79.19 +1.8 24.61 83.60 2.73 100.00 33.98 24.61 83.60 合计 100.00 33.65 2.69 - - - - 煤泥 4.59 59.43 - - - - - 总计 100.00 36.71 - - - - -
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