The Study of Mo Occurrence State in a New Type of Molybdenum Deposit and Its Influence on Mineral Processing
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摘要:
贵州西北地区五里平钼多金属矿床矿石性质复杂，矿石中钼的回收指标不理想。利用矿物自动分析技术BPMA、电子探针及化学物相分析等手段对矿石开展了系统的工艺矿物学研究，对钼的赋存状态进行深入分析。结果表明，矿石中的钼有55.60%以独立矿物彩钼铅矿和辉钼矿的形式存在，是选矿过程中需要加强回收的主要目的矿物; 同时，还有32.37%和12.03%的钼分别以吸附态方式赋存于褐铁矿和高岭石中，需要采用湿法冶金工艺进行利用，而湿法回收褐铁矿中的钼成本太高，经济上不可行，对于吸附于高岭石中的钼，可以考虑采用酸浸或者碱浸工艺进行回收。本次发现的这种吸附态型钼矿床在自然界十分罕见，将拓宽该区域内的找矿方向，也为钼资源的优化利用提供了依据。
Abstract:The ore property of Wuliping molybdenum polymetallic deposit in northwest Guizhou is complex, while the recovery index of molybdenum is not ideal. The means of mineral automatic analysis system (BPMA), electron probe micro analysis (EPMA) and chemical phase analysis has been utilized to study ore property and Mo occurrence state in the ore. The results show that molybdenum mainly exists in the form of independent mineral such as Wulfenite and Molybdenite; while 32.37% of Mo exists in limonite as well as 12.03% exists in kaolinite in the form of adsorption. This part of molybdenum is difficult to recover by beneficiation, and needs to be utilized by hydrometallurgical process. However, the cost of molybdenum recovery from limonite by hydrometallurgical process is too high and economically infeasible. Molybdenum adsorbed in kaolinite can be recovered by acid leaching or alkali leaching process. The discovery of this adsorbed molybdenum deposit is the first case in nature, which will enrich the prospecting theory in this area and lay a foundation for the optimal utilization of molybdenum resources.
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Key words:
- molybdenum deposit /
- adsorbed state /
- process mineralogy /
- occurrence state /
- BPMA /
- beneficiation /
- wulfenite /
- molybdenite
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表 1 矿样的化学分析结果
Table 1. Chemical analysis results of the ore samples
成分 Mo Pb Zn Re* Fe V As S 含量/% 0.24 0.42 1.34 2 13.32 0.038 0.25 6.25 元素 SiO2 Al2O3 CaO MgO K2O Na2O C 含量/% 44.50 8.09 1.78 0.58 0.60 0.31 1.15 “*”单位为10-6。 
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表 2 矿石中重要矿物组成及相对含量
Table 2. Major mineral composition of the ore samples
矿物名称 含量/% 矿物名称 含量/% 辉钼矿 0.05 重晶石 9.30 彩钼铅矿 0.40 长石 4.79 方铅矿 0.18 白云石 2.39 白铅矿 0.04 方解石 1.46 钒铅锌矿 0.02 白云母 1.12 砷铅矿 0.01 炭质 0.47 闪锌矿 1.37 黄玉 0.40 异极矿 0.20 绿帘石 0.23 硅锌铝石 0.28 绿泥石 0.19 黄铁矿 8.38 黄钾铁矾 0.18 褐铁矿 21.80 金红石 0.06 石英 27.92 其他 0.53 高岭石 18.23 合计 100.00
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表 3 钼的化学物相分析结果
Table 3. Phase analysis results of Mo for the ore samples
/% 相别 黏土表面吸附钼 氧化铁结合钼 彩钼铅矿 硫化钼 总钼 含量 0.029 0.078 0.104 0.03 0.241 分布率 12.03 32.37 43.15 12.45 100.00
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表 4 钼在不同矿物中的分布率
Table 4. The distribution of Mo in various minerals
/% 矿物名称 矿物量 矿物中钼含量 钼分布率 彩钼铅矿 0.40 26.14 43.15 辉钼矿 0.05 57.94 12.45 褐铁矿 21.80 0.36 32.37 高岭石 18.23 0.16 12.03 合计 100.00
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表 5 样品中钼矿物粒度组成
Table 5. Grain size distribution of molybdenum mineral in the ore
粒级/mm 彩钼铅矿 辉钼矿 含量/% 累计/% 含量/% 累计/% -0.147+0.104 8.68 8.68 0.00 0.00 -0.104+0.074 26.22 34.90 0.00 0.00 -0.074+0.053 18.14 53.04 0.00 0.00 -0.053+0.043 9.23 62.27 0.00 0.00 -0.043+0.038 14.65 76.92 0.00 0.00 -0.038+0.020 8.48 85.40 0.00 0.00 -0.020+0.015 9.21 94.61 0.00 0.00 -0.015+0.010 1.47 96.08 53.16 53.16 -0.010+0.005 2.92 99.00 36.22 89.38 -0.005 1.00 100.00 10.62 100.00
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