Optimization and Discrete Element Simulation Analysis of Primary Stage of Ball Mill in Baixiangshan Iron Processing Plant, Anhui, China
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摘要:
针对安徽白象山铁选厂一段球磨指标进行优化试验研究，对矿石进行力学性质测定、球磨机给矿筛分，按照段式球径半理论公式初步确定推荐方案为m(Φ60)：m(Φ50)：m(Φ40)：m(Φ30)=20：30：15：35，设置偏大及偏小方案作为对比，通过磨矿对比试验得出，推荐方案较现场方案+0.15 mm级别产率下降11.24百分点，(-0.15+0.10) mm、(-0.074+0.019) mm级别产率分别提高6.55百分点、9.88百分点，磨矿技术效率提高7.57百分点；离散元仿真结果表明，推荐方案法向碰撞能量较现场方案仅降低4.15百分点，切向碰撞能量较现场提高69.04百分点，综合比较推荐方案全面优于现场方案。
Abstract:A pilot study was conducted to optimize the ball milling index of primary stage of the iron processing plant in Baixiangshan, Anhui Province, by measuring the mechanical properties of the ore, screening before ball mill feed. The recommended solution was initially determined as m(Φ60) : m(Φ50) : m(Φ40) : m(Φ30)=20 : 30 : 15 : 35 according to the semi-theoretical formula of segmental ball diameter, and set the big and small solutions as a comparison, and through the grinding comparison test, it was found that the yield of +0.15 mm level decreases by 11.24%, the yield of -0.15+0.10 mm and -0.074+0.019 mm level increases by 6.55% and 9.88% respectively, and the technical efficiency of grinding increases by 7.57%. The discrete element simulation results show that the normal collision energy of the recommended solution is only 4.15% lower than that of the field solution. The normal collision energy of the recommended solution is only 4.15% lower than that of the on-site solution, and the tangential collision energy is 69.04% higher than that of the on-site solution. The recommended solution is better than the on-site solution in a comprehensive comparison.
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Key words:
- iron ore /
- grinding /
- precise ball distribution /
- index optimization /
- discrete elements
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表 1 离散元接触参数设定
Table 1. Contact parameter setting of the discrete elements
接触类型 钢球-钢球 钢球-矿石 矿石-矿石 碰撞恢复系数 0.70 0.40 0.35 静摩擦系数 0.25 0.50 0.68 滚动摩擦系数 0.03 0.05 0.30 
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表 2 离散元颗粒参数设定
Table 2. Particle parameter setting of the discrete elements
颗粒名称 密度/(kg·m-3) 表面积/m2 体积/m3 质量/kg 60 mm钢球 7800 0.0113 1.13E-04 0.8821 50 mm钢球 7800 0.0254 6.54E-05 0.5105 40 mm钢球 7800 0.0154 3.35E-05 0.2614 30 mm钢球 7800 0.0028 1.41E-05 0.1110 3 mm矿石颗粒 3930 2.83E-05 1.14E-08 5.60E-05
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表 3 力学性质测定结果
Table 3. Results of mechanical properties test
矿石编号 1# 2# 3# 4# 5# 6# 7# 8# 9# 均值 密度/(g·cm-3) 3.78 4.03 3.71 3.56 4.16 4.09 3.41 4.31 4.28 3.93 泊松比 0.15 0.18 0.16 0.33 0.46 0.19 0.24 0.32 0.40 0.27 静弹性模量/104 MPa 1.76 2.70 4.28 6.75 8.54 6.95 1.73 3.40 4.14 4.47 单轴抗压强度/MPa 34.50 36.23 113.70 96.87 28.50 92.03 37.17 63.50 53.77 68.67
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表 4 推荐方案配比确定
Table 4. Determination of the recommended program ratio
级别/mm 全给矿产率/% 扣除-0.15 mm后待磨产率γ/% 各组适宜球径/mm 推荐比例 +2 14.18 20.32 60 20 -2+0.45 19.83 29.28 50 30 -0.45+0.3 10.61 15.21 40 15 -0.3+0.15 24.55 35.19 30 35 -0.15 30.23 —— —— —— 合计 100.00 100.00 —— 100
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表 5 磨矿介质配比方案
Table 5. Scheme of the grinding medium ratio
配比方案 介质比例 平均球径 推荐方案 m(Φ60)：m(Φ50)：m(Φ40)：m(Φ30)=20：30：15：35 43.5 mm 偏大方案 m(Φ60)：m(Φ50)：m(Φ40)=30：40：30 50.0 mm 偏小方案 m(Φ50)：m(Φ40)：m(Φ30)=30：40：30 40.0 mm 现场方案 m(Φ60)=100 60.0 mm
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表 6 推荐及现场方案切向能量、法向能量统计
Table 6. Tangential energy and normal phase energy statistics of recommended and on-site plans
接触类型 推荐方案 现场方案 切向能量/J 法向能量/J 切向能量/J 法向能量/J 60 mm钢球-矿石 1 700 620 6 240 6 740 50 mm钢球-矿石 2 618 1 230 —— —— 40 mm钢球-矿石 1 980 895 —— —— 30 mm钢球-矿石 4 250 3 710 —— —— 总和 10 548 6 455 6 240 6 740
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