Study on a New Purification Process of Quartz Sand in Sichuan Province by Removing Iron and Titanium
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摘要:
为了去除四川某石英砂中的Fe和Ti杂质，提出“重选—浮选—酸浸”的提纯新工艺。石英砂先经重选和浮选进行预选除杂，再经两段酸浸实现精选提纯。重选采用螺旋溜槽一次粗选一次精选去除部分含Fe和Ti重矿物，浮选采用一次粗选一次扫选去除主要含Ti矿物金红石。经选矿除杂后的石英砂在70 ℃下，经一段盐酸3 mol/L+醋酸1 mol/L+氢氟酸0.5 mol/L、二段盐酸3 mol/L+硫酸1.5 mol/L各酸浸2 h得到最终石英砂精矿。精矿中SiO2含量提高到99.92%；Fe和Ti的含量分别降至0.005%和0.012%，Fe和Ti的综合去除率分别达到91.80%和71.43%。该工艺对四川某石英砂的除铁降钛、深度提纯具有显著效果，对类似石英砂矿石的高效利用具有参考价值。
Abstract:A new process of "gravity separation-flotation-acid leaching" purification was proposed for the removal of iron and titanium from a quartz sand in Sichuan. Fe and Ti were removed preliminarily from quartz sand by gravity separation and flotation, then purified by two-stage acid leaching. The gravity separation was performed by one roughing-one cleaning two-stage spiral chute to remove Fe and Ti, and the flotation was performed by one roughing- one scavenging to remove rutile mainly containing Ti mineral. Quartz sand was leached firstly with "hydrochloric acid of 3 mol/L + acetic acid of 1 mol/L + hydrofluoric acid of 0.5 mol/L" at 70 ℃ for 2 h, and secondly with "hydrochloric acid of 3 mol/L + sulfuric acid of 1.5 mol/L" to obtain the final concentrate. The content of SiO2 increased to 99.92%, Fe and Ti contents decreased to 0.005% and 0.012% respectively, and the removal rate of Fe and Ti reached 91.80% and 71.43% respectively in concentrate. The process has remarkable effect on the removal of iron and titanium in quartz sand, and has reference value for mining and utilization of similar ores.
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Key words:
- quartz /
- purification /
- gravity separation /
- flotation /
- acid leaching /
- removing iron and titanium
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表 1 石英砂多元素分析结果
Table 1. Multi-elements analysis of the quartz sand
/% 元素 Be Na Mg Al Si K Ca Ti Fe 含量 0.0046 0.0131 0.0013 0.0661 46.4803 0.0405 0.0204 0.0421 0.0613 
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表 2 石英砂的矿物组成及相对含量
Table 2. Mineral composition of the quartz sand
/% 矿物种类 石英 歪长石 红柱石 绢云母 金红石 高岭石 磁铁矿 铁橄榄石 铁铝榴石 其他矿物 含量 98.98 0.30 0.25 0.10 0.08 0.09 0.04 0.02 0.02 0.13
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表 3 重选除铁和钛的效果
Table 3. Effect of gravity separation on iron and titanium removal
/% 样品名称 产率 Fe含量 Ti含量 Fe分布率 Ti分布率 精矿 84.96 0.052 0.034 72.42 68.78 尾矿 15.04 0.112 0.087 27.58 31.22 原矿 100.00 0.061 0.042 100.00 100.00
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