Regulation and Evaluation of Selenium Availability in Se-rich Soils in Southern China
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摘要: 多目标区域地球化学调查发现中国南方酸性土壤的硒含量普遍较高,但其生物有效性一般较低,土壤硒有效性直接关系到富硒土地资源的可利用性,而土壤酸碱度是影响土壤硒生物有效性的重要因素。本文选取福建、海南富硒红壤(pH为3.91~4.98)、富硒水稻土(pH为4.33~5.75),以生石灰、燃煤炉渣为改良剂,分别设置6个实验处理以调控土壤硒生物有效性。结果表明:添加生石灰和燃煤炉渣均能提升南方酸性土壤的pH,上升幅度在1~2个pH单位,从而有利于土壤中硒元素的活化,显著提高了土壤中硒元素的生物有效性;燃煤炉渣用量与其10倍的生石灰对提升土壤硒有效度的效果相当,而燃煤炉渣作为调控物料更为经济、实用,既可以实现炉渣的有效利用,又可以改善土壤结构、提高土壤硒有效度。Abstract: The multi-purpose regional geochemical survey showed that the concentration of selenium in acid soil in Southern China is generally high, but the bio-availability of selenium in soil is relatively low, which affects the usage of selenium-rich soil. The pH values of soils are an important factor affecting the bio-availability. Se-rich red soil samples with pH of 3.91-4.98 and Se-rich paddy soil samples with pH of 4.33-5.75 were collected from Fujian Province and Hainan Island. Six experiments were conducted using lime and coal slag as the modifier to improve the bio-availability of selenium in soil. The results show that soil pH can be significantly elevated by 1 to 2 units by using the modifiers, which advances the mobility of Se in soils and improves selenium bio-availability in soils. Coalcinder and 10 times weights of quicklime have the same effect to promote selenium availability. The coalcinder as a regulation material is more economical and practical. It can not only realize the effective utilization of cinder, but also improve the soil structure and increase the soil selenium availability.
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Key words:
- Se availability /
- regulation experiment /
- quicklime /
- coalcinder /
- selenium-rich soil in Southern China
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表 1 实验土壤样品理化性质
Table 1. Physico-chemical properties of soil samples for the experiment
样品编号 采样地区 地质成因 土地利用 土壤类型 全硒含量
(10-6)有机碳含量(%) pH CEC
[cmol(+)/kg]S1 龙海市角美镇 冲-洪积 旱地 水稻土 0.66 2.31 5.75 10.9 S2 龙海市颜厝镇 残坡积 果园 红壤 0.86 1.30 4.39 5.74 S3 龙海华侨农场 残坡积 果园 红壤 0.77 1.33 4.46 9.81 S4 龙海市东泗乡 残坡积 林地 红壤 0.42 1.11 4.91 7.43 S5 龙海市海澄镇 残积土 林地 红壤 1.11 0.85 4.41 7.99 S6 诏安县红星乡 残坡积 果园 红壤 0.60 2.41 3.91 12.3 S7 万宁市横岭村 冲洪积 水田 水稻土 1.25 1.30 4.33 9.97 S8 万宁市横岭村 残坡积 果园 红壤 2.48 0.48 4.50 6.69 S9 海口市琼山区 残坡积 旱地 红壤 2.72 0.82 4.98 10.6 表 2 生石灰及炉渣添加量对土壤pH的影响
Table 2. Effect of the amount of quicklime and cinder added on pH of soil
处理
编号生石灰添加量
(g/100g土)pH S1 S2 S3 S4 S5 S6 S7 S8 S9 T1 0 5.75 4.39 4.46 4.91 4.41 3.91 4.33 4.50 4.98 T2 0.0208 5.74 4.47 4.52 5.03 4.27 4.70 4.57 4.56 5.07 T3 0.0417 5.78 4.81 4.64 5.13 4.55 4.95 4.68 4.68 5.15 T4 0.0833 5.92 5.08 5.20 5.97 5.05 4.60 5.01 4.94 5.46 T5 0.1667 6.11 5.51 5.48 6.30 5.45 5.14 6.03 5.44 5.95 T6 0.3333 6.58 6.36 5.97 7.00 6.53 5.74 6.81 5.95 6.31 最大提升单位 0.83 1.97 1.51 2.09 2.12 1.83 2.48 1.45 1.33 处理编号 炉渣添加量
(g/100g土)pH S1 S2 S3 S4 S5 S6 S7 S8 S9 T1 0 5.72 4.41 4.55 4.80 4.15 4.01 4.14 4.48 4.99 T2 0.2083 5.76 4.79 4.60 5.11 4.62 4.24 4.65 4.59 5.05 T3 0.4167 5.86 4.85 4.73 5.50 4.61 4.43 4.85 4.76 5.28 T4 0.8333 6.00 5.32 5.17 6.18 4.94 4.70 5.40 5.05 5.49 T5 1.6667 6.26 5.69 5.60 7.10 5.41 5.62 6.35 5.61 5.91 T6 3.3333 6.92 6.44 6.38 7.60 6.24 5.39 6.82 6.41 6.25 最大提升单位 1.20 2.03 1.83 2.80 2.09 1.38 2.68 1.93 1.26 表 3 添加生石灰对土壤硒有效度的影响
Table 3. Effect of quicklime added on the bio-availability of selenium in soil
样品编号 处理编号 总硒含量
(10-6)硒有效量
(10-6)硒有效度
(%)S1 T1 0.507 0.015 2.98 T2 0.487 0.0076 1.56 T3 0.487 0.014 2.85 T4 0.494 0.012 2.47 T5 0.507 0.023 4.53 T6 0.506 0.013 2.56 S2 T1 0.654 0.031 4.68 T2 0.620 0.041 6.56 T3 0.630 0.039 6.16 T4 0.627 0.040 6.42 T5 0.624 0.041 6.62 T6 0.656 0.034 5.23 S3 T1 0.659 0.050 7.52 T2 0.658 0.024 3.65 T3 0.621 0.0074 1.20 T4 0.646 0.040 6.17 T5 0.681 0.045 6.68 T6 0.673 0.032 4.72 S4 T1 0.320 0.029 9.00 T2 0.329 0.028 8.43 T3 0.322 0.016 4.82 T4 0.328 0.034 10.38 T5 0.328 0.044 13.30 T6 0.311 0.033 10.73 S5 T1 0.810 0.028 3.45 T2 0.796 0.038 4.74 T3 0.835 0.019 2.27 T4 0.831 0.019 2.24 T5 0.805 0.039 4.86 T6 0.851 0.041 4.77 S6 T1 0.487 0.052 10.68 T2 0.469 0.044 9.38 T3 0.477 0.064 13.42 T4 0.476 0.059 12.41 T5 0.508 0.057 11.18 T6 0.498 0.056 11.20 S7 T1 1.490 0.024 1.61 T2 1.682 0.037 2.18 T3 1.838 0.036 1.95 T4 1.985 0.030 1.50 T5 1.677 0.027 1.63 T6 1.750 0.058 3.32 S8 T1 1.117 0.033 2.95 T2 1.092 0.050 4.55 T3 1.077 0.052 4.82 T4 1.088 0.043 3.95 T5 1.055 0.068 6.42 T6 1.171 0.037 3.13 S9 T1 2.538 0.057 2.24 T2 2.527 0.038 1.51 T3 2.575 0.077 2.99 T4 2.363 0.089 3.76 T5 2.512 0.058 2.30 T6 2.465 0.055 2.24 表 4 添加炉渣对土壤硒有效度的影响
Table 4. Effect of cinder added on the bio-availability of selenium in soil
样品编号 处理编号 总硒含量
(10-6)硒有效量
(10-6)硒有效度
(%)S1 T1 0.499 0.018 3.51 T2 0.515 0.016 3.14 T3 0.506 0.013 2.54 T4 0.481 0.023 4.70 T5 0.452 0.033 7.39 T6 0.457 0.018 4.01 S2 T1 0.648 0.0047 0.73 T2 0.660 0.013 1.97 T3 0.623 0.039 6.18 T4 0.631 0.013 2.10 T5 0.638 0.012 1.81 T6 0.630 0.061 9.67 S3 T1 0.686 0.044 6.36 T2 0.683 0.029 4.17 T3 0.709 0.060 8.51 T4 0.669 0.053 7.93 T5 0.651 0.044 6.70 T6 0.683 0.042 6.13 S4 T1 0.315 0.015 4.78 T2 0.316 0.033 10.51 T3 0.314 0.027 8.48 T4 0.311 0.039 12.65 T5 0.299 0.036 11.89 T6 0.322 0.032 9.92 S5 T1 0.845 0.032 3.73 T2 0.854 0.041 4.80 T3 0.874 0.032 3.61 T4 0.856 0.037 4.27 T5 0.861 0.044 5.11 T6 0.854 0.049 5.69 S6 T1 0.501 0.063 12.61 T2 0.517 0.039 7.62 T3 0.494 0.039 7.87 T4 0.490 0.051 10.37 T5 0.490 0.046 9.36 T6 0.489 0.068 13.83 S7 T1 1.902 0.052 2.75 T2 1.727 0.021 1.23 T3 1.702 0.049 2.85 T4 1.768 0.028 1.59 T5 1.725 0.0070 0.40 T6 1.769 0.0045 0.25 S8 T1 1.167 0.044 3.80 T2 1.132 0.032 2.86 T3 1.518 0.030 2.01 T4 1.325 0.015 1.10 T5 1.167 0.024 2.07 T6 1.167 0.021 1.82 S9 T1 2.436 0.047 1.94 T2 2.490 0.046 1.87 T3 2.476 0.069 2.80 T4 2.476 0.039 1.59 T5 2.370 0.037 1.55 T6 2.358 0.042 1.76 -
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