Application of P-XRF Multi-point Analysis Technique in Pre-research of Geological Core and Rock Specimens
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摘要: 目前国内外比较先进的岩心无损测试，主要采用高光谱技术及XRF扫描技术，这两种扫描范围较大的快速分析方法，均存在着精度要求越高测试时间越长、完整岩心数据精度较高、不完整岩心及岩石标本数据精度较差的问题，难以满足馆藏地质标本取样范围小、快速、准确的要求。本文应用手持式X射线荧光光谱分析技术，以多点测试加权平均的计算方法，改善复杂的样品岩性、矿物种类等因素的影响，提高了分析结果的准确性。结果表明：本方法与定量分析结果比较，具有指示半定量范围作用的测试结果超过82%，加权平均值比算术平均值的指示效果提高了近22%，多点测试的准确度得到了明显提高。并且，该方法具有测试元素较多、粗糙标本经微处理后便可随时测试等优点，较好地解决了馆藏地质标本取样的应用问题。通过这次预研究，新发现了部分铅锌矿标本银元素含量较高、Zk0901钻孔（黄沙坪矿区）168.46~171.24 m的Mo元素平均值为0.3%等具有实际意义的研究数据，为馆藏地质标本再利用提供了重要的找矿信息。
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关键词:
- 手持式X射线荧光光谱仪 /
- 地质岩心和岩石标本 /
- 多点测试 /
- 加权平均
Abstract: Internationally, two advanced nondestructive methods of drill core testing include hyperspectral technology and XRF scanning technology. Both methods include problems that the higher the accuracy requirements, the higher the accuracy of the complete core data, the less accurate data of the incomplete core and rock specimen, and the difficulty of satisfying fast and accurate requirements of small sampling areas of the geological samples. Portable X-ray Fluorescence Spectrometry (P-XRF) was used for the study described in this paper. The weighted average of the multi-point test method reduces the influence of complex sample lithology and mineral species and improves the accuracy of this method. Compared with quantitative analysis, the results with a semi-quantitative range indicator role are more than 82%. The weighted average is nearly 22% higher than the arithmetic mean, and thus the accuracy of the multi-point test is improved significantly. Furthermore, the method can be used to analyze more elements after the rough processing of specimens, which better solves the sampling problem of specimens in the geological cores and samples library. Through this pre-research, it is found that silver content is higher in some specimens of lead-zinc mine and Mo content is 0.3% in the 168.46-171.24 m position of drilling core Zk0901. This study provides important prospecting information for the reuse of the specimens in the geological cores and samples library. -
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表 1 标样比对及仪器的精密度和准确度
Table 1. A comparison of analytical data of the standard samples, the precision and accuracy of the instrument
标准物质编号 参数 K Ca Fe Cu Zn Mo Pb Ag GBW07162 测试值(10-2) 3.4531 0.974 4.7645 0.2915 0.9461 - 0.4382 - 3.4582 1.0992 4.8356 0.2877 0.9551 - 0.4423 - 3.2551 1.0017 4.7656 0.2883 0.9449 - 0.4394 - 3.1777 0.9875 4.7793 0.2828 0.9561 - 0.4338 - 3.2403 0.9843 4.773 0.2926 0.9426 - 0.4362 - 3.2625 1.0214 4.8075 0.29 0.9557 - 0.4362 - 3.3445 1.0273 4.778 0.2892 0.9423 - 0.4341 - 3.0078 1.051 4.7383 0.2935 0.945 - 0.4369 - 3.3879 1.0118 4.7721 0.2931 0.9544 - 0.4356 - 3.2673 1.0005 4.7656 0.287 0.9485 - 0.4404 - 测试平均值(10-2) 3.28 1.02 4.78 0.289 0.95 - 0.437 - 测试标准偏差 0.128 0.035 0.025 0.003 0.005 - 0.0026 - 标准推荐值(10-2) 3.20 1.09 4.68 0.264 0.83 0.0028 0.43 0.0018 平均对数误差 0.069 0.031 0.009 0.040 0.058 - 0.007 - GBW07163 测试值(10-2) 2.7104 3.4276 8.1561 1.0563 4.4566 - 1.8589 - 2.803 3.3968 8.0981 1.0722 4.4487 - 1.8832 - 2.8377 3.4365 8.1555 1.0763 4.446 - 1.8664 - 2.7945 3.5425 8.2024 1.0644 4.4817 - 1.8874 - 2.9583 3.6365 8.1719 1.0638 4.4993 - 1.8846 - 2.93 3.4532 8.1665 1.0829 4.4558 - 1.8755 - 2.8418 3.6078 8.1459 1.0634 4.4766 - 1.8838 - 2.8808 3.4353 8.1544 1.0704 4.476 - 1.8667 - 2.7854 3.4879 8.1216 1.0656 4.443 - 1.8744 - 2.7154 3.5049 8.1345 1.0724 4.4374 - 1.8833 - 测试平均值(10-2) 2.83 3.49 8.15 1.07 4.46 - 1.88 - 测试标准偏差 0.078 0.076 0.027 0.007 0.019 - 0.009 - 标准推荐值(10-2) 2.57 3.36 8.4 1.05 4.26 0.0024 2.17 0.022 平均对数误差 0.040 0.017 0.013 0.008 0.020 - 0.063 - GBW07164 测试值(10-2) 1.6024 12.5016 11.2131 2.8348 0.1503 0.0175 0.0506 0.1035 1.6443 12.7964 11.2722 2.8573 0.1476 0.016 0.0533 0.1042 1.6226 12.4336 11.1696 2.8454 0.149 0.0165 0.0502 0.1024 1.5004 12.5389 11.2186 2.8517 0.1485 0.0164 0.0539 0.1031 1.5228 12.8013 11.2538 2.8685 0.1506 0.0172 0.0521 0.1033 1.6321 12.7293 11.2898 2.8532 0.1483 0.017 0.0514 0.1028 1.5983 12.617 11.2007 2.8572 0.147 0.0161 0.054 0.1025 1.6589 12.7461 11.3028 2.8648 0.1449 0.0167 0.0526 0.1039 1.6211 12.6284 11.1792 2.8512 0.1493 0.0164 0.0529 0.1036 1.6201 12.5642 11.2896 2.832 0.1467 0.0163 0.0515 0.1046 测试平均值(10-2) 1.60 12.63 11.24 2.85 0.148 0.0166 0.052 0.103 测试标准偏差 0.049 0.121 0.046 0.011 0.002 0.0005 0.0012 0.0007 标准推荐值(10-2) 1.49 12.29 11.4 2.8 0.143 0.0137 0.056 0.101 平均对数误差 0.048 0.012 0.006 0.008 0.016 0.084 0.030 0.009 
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表 2 GBW07162的23组数据统计结果
Table 2. The statistical results of 23 sets for GBW07162
测试
序号GBW07162中各元素测量数据 K
(10-2)Ca
(10-2)Mn
(10-2)Fe
(10-2)Cu
(10-2)Zn
(10-2)Pb
(10-2)1 3.4364 1.0398 0.1194 4.7941 0.2888 0.9494 0.4390 2 3.3785 1.0585 0.1073 4.8527 0.2848 0.9578 0.4422 3 3.6527 1.1180 0.1073 4.8529 0.2918 0.9647 0.4437 4 3.1380 0.9982 0.1053 4.7887 0.2853 0.9470 0.4359 5 3.3007 1.0278 0.1058 4.8311 0.2877 0.9645 0.4416 6 3.3234 0.9928 0.1060 4.8266 0.2957 0.9636 0.4337 7 3.2225 1.0322 0.1101 4.7905 0.2913 0.9528 0.4399 8 3.3736 0.9695 0.1060 4.8474 0.2909 0.9511 0.4446 9 3.3723 1.0737 0.1126 4.8001 0.2911 0.9557 0.4428 10 3.3101 1.1161 0.1109 4.8188 0.2926 0.9611 0.4405 11 3.1333 1.0014 0.1102 4.7982 0.2901 0.9509 0.4357 12 3.5239 1.0820 0.1064 4.8330 0.2914 0.9609 0.4468 13 3.3801 1.0361 0.1111 4.8253 0.2928 0.9651 0.4456 14 3.6695 1.1404 0.1060 4.8803 0.2912 0.9602 0.4515 15 3.2199 1.0596 0.1108 4.8181 0.2918 0.9536 0.4401 16 3.3085 0.9923 0.1132 4.8318 0.2921 0.9342 0.4364 17 3.4585 1.0789 0.1102 4.8804 0.2901 0.9502 0.4405 18 3.6573 1.0537 0.1177 4.7542 0.3014 0.9652 0.4482 19 3.3174 0.9594 0.1106 4.7755 0.2907 0.9435 0.4416 20 3.4079 1.1176 0.1100 4.8354 0.2865 0.9568 0.4525 21 3.5316 0.9770 0.1067 4.7535 0.2870 0.9501 0.4459 22 3.5331 1.0213 0.1037 4.7928 0.2891 0.9578 0.4458 23 3.3660 0.9832 0.1192 4.7969 0.2896 0.9574 0.4433 平均值 3.39 1.04 0.109 4.82 0.29 0.96 0.44 标准偏差 0.148 0.051 0.0043 0.034 0.0034 0.0076 0.0047 推荐值 3.20 1.09 0.091 4.68 0.264 0.83 0.43 平均对数
误差0.025 0.020 0.081 0.012 0.041 0.0611 0.012
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表 3 P-XRF多点测试平均结果统计
Table 3. Statistics of average results for P-XRF multi-point test
样品编号 指标 K Ca Mn Fe Cu Zn Zr Mo Sn Ta W Pb sys-13 算术平均值(%) - 0.243 0.125 27.01 0.134 10.24 0.0020 0.021 - - - 0.033 定量分析值(%) - 0.19 0.11 33.06 0.0972 11.6 0.00206 0.0292 - 0.00002 0.0024 0.106 相对偏差(%) - 24.76 13.30 20.13 32.0 12.42 2.33 29.92 - - - 104.1 sys-6 算术平均值(%) - 17.85 0.468 31.59 - 0.058 0.00087 0.0021 - - 0.022 0.0055 定量分析值(%) 0.00017 19.51 0.44 27.9 - 0.087 0.0011 0.00154 - - 0.0146 0.062 相对偏差(%) - 8.87 6.26 12.43 - 38.50 22.78 33.63 - - 42.27 167.0 yx-1 算术平均值(%) 0.0719 1.433 0.118 9.73 0.115 0.0144 0.0019 0.0025 - - - - 定量分析值(%) 0.095 1.72 0.14 9.82 0.069 0.018 0.0028 0.0026 - - - - 相对偏差(%) 27.61 18.17 16.38 0.84 50.07 21.6 37.96 3.92 - - - - sys-10 算术平均值(%) 0.0049 1.68 0.117 26.80 0.116 12.52 - - - 0.0327 0.00013 15.25 定量分析值(%) 0.0035 1.18 - 16.8 0.0415 5.22 0.00048 0.00029 - 0.042 0.00008 46.9 相对偏差(%) 33.08 35.41 - 45.88 94.9 82.3 - - - 24.81 45.78 101.8 sys-12 算术平均值(%) 0.0465 7.55 3.91 15.08 0.276 15.26 - - 0.260 0.0311 0.0025 18.54 定量分析值(%) 0.03 1.63 - 24 0.28 15.2 0.00035 - 0.231 0.044 0.0032 15.7 相对偏差(%) 43.17 129 - 45.60 1.26 0.42 - - 12.1 34.22 21.01 16.64 sys-4 算术平均值(%) 0.156 49.74 0.029 0.509 0.0018 0.0061 0.00063 0.00023 - - - - 定量分析值(%) 0.21 38.1 0.025 0.7 0.0020 0.4 0.00049 0.00014 - - - - 相对偏差(%) 29.18 26.51 16.93 31.51 12.63 193.9 25.52 46.05 - - - - sys-1 算术平均值(%) 0.088 0.517 0.0755 26.42 0.171 14.25 0.0036 - - 0.0473 0.0012 5.52 定量分析值(%) 0.083 0.61 0.064 30.4 0.117 18.4 0.00068 0.00004 - 0.065 0.00076 16.6 相对偏差(%) 6.35 16.44 16.55 14.00 37.4 25.36 136.9 - - 31.50 41.53 100.1 加权平均值(%) 0.071 0.508 0.0703 26.73 0.162 12.43 0.0084 - - 0.05 0.0009 10.03 加权相对偏差(%) 15.45 18.08 9.50 12.83 32.72 38.7 169.8 - - 26.15 15.15 49.31 sys-17 算术平均值(%) 0.157 27.33 0.732 11.41 0.0026 0.022 0.0104 0.489 - 0.0013 0.641 0.0110 定量分析值(%) 0.09 26.09 0.54 10.2 0.0016 0.0308 0.0113 0.435 - 0.00007 0.114 0.0291 相对偏差(%) 54.42 4.65 30.20 11.27 50.7 32.29 7.64 11.78 - 180.4 139.6 90.05 加权平均值(%) 0.153 25.78 0.682 10.89 0.0026 0.020 0.0101 0.426 - 0.00066 0.129 0.0102 加权相对偏差(%) 51.90 1.17 23.38 6.56 49.78 42.4 10.65 1.97 - 163.5 12.39 96.21 sys-18 算术平均值(%) 0.204 32.29 0.486 14.09 - 0.028 - 0.311 - - 0.773 0.005 定量分析值(%) 0.15 26.5 - 14 - 0.0492 - 0.178 - - 0.192 0.232 相对偏差(%) 30.79 19.70 - 0.66 - 52.08 - 54.63 - - 120.4 191.4 加权平均值(%) 0.198 33.37 - 13.88 - 0.03 - 0.258 - - 0.2 0.0038 加权相对偏差(%) 27.92 22.95 - 0.88 - 48.6 - 36.67 - - 3.93 193.4
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