Determination of the Magnetic Material Composition in Ultra-low-grade Magnetite by ICP-OES and Washability Evaluation
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摘要: 超贫磁铁矿是需要通过磁选富集后才能利用的铁矿石，磁性物是其磁选后的主要产品，磁性物中有益有害组分的含量是否满足规范要求是评价超贫磁铁矿可选性的前提，然而尚未引起足够的重视。本文采用电磁分选仪对超贫磁铁矿进行磁选，结合ICP-OES法对原矿和磁性物中有益有害组分（TFe、V2O5、TiO2、P、Cu、Pb、Zn）进行了测定。结果表明，对于含量明显低于规范要求的V2O5、Cu、Pb、Zn，磁选后其含量虽有变化，但不影响冶炼及综合评价的结果；对于TFe、TiO2、P，磁选后其含量发生明显变化，其中TFe由14.23%~16.60%提高至53.95%~69.86%，TiO2由4.43%~5.02%降至0.84%~1.83%，P由0.11%~0.30%降至0.027%~0.048%，已对冶炼及综合评价的结果产生了影响，依据磁性物中TFe、TiO2、P的含量更能切实反映超贫磁铁矿的可选性；所用超贫磁铁矿易于选别，通过单一弱磁选即可获得主要组分（TFe）及有害物质（P、Cu、Pb、Zn）满足炼铁用铁矿石工业要求的精矿；大部分TiO2随弱磁选进入尾矿，后期应注意对尾矿中的TiO2进行评价。该方法可快速获得超贫磁铁矿原矿及磁性物中有益有害组分的含量信息，既能从冶炼角度初步评价超贫磁铁矿的可选性，也可以确定后续综合利用研究的目标元素，对于超贫磁铁矿资源的合理开发利用具有重要的现实意义。
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关键词:
- 超贫磁铁矿 /
- 磁性物 /
- 有益有害组分 /
- 可选性评价 /
- 电感耦合等离子体发射光谱法
Abstract: Ultra-low-grade magnetite could be used after magnetic separation, resulting in magnetic material being the major product. The content of useful and harmful components in magnetic materials are ideal for the washability evaluation of ultra-low-grade magnetite. However, they have received little attention so far. In this study, electromagnetic separation and Inductively Coupled Plasma-Optical Emission Spectrometry (ICP-OES) were used to determine the contents of useful and harmful compositions (TFe, V2O5, TiO2, P, Cu, Pb, Zn) in raw ore and magnetic material. When the component (V2O5, Cu, Pb, Zn) contents were far lower than the required contents of criterion, the contents of these elements after magnetic separation varied but did not affect the smelt and evaluation results. However, the contents of TFe, TiO2, and P changed obviously after magnetic separation. The TFe content increased from 14.23%-16.60% to 53.95%-69.86%, whereas the TiO2 content decreased from 4.43%-5.02% to 0.84%-1.83%. The P content decreased from 0.11%-0.30% to 0.027%-0.048%, which affected the smelt and evaluation results (in Table 2). The concentrations of TFe, TiO2, and P can be used to reflect the smelt selection of ultra-low-grade magnetite. The concentrate is easily obtained by low intensity magnetic separation and the content of TFe, P, Cu, Pb, Zn meets requirements. Attention should be paid to the evaluation of TiO2 in tailings since most TiO2 is concentrated in the tailings. In conclusion, this is a feasible method to evaluate the washability and define the objective elements of utilization by using electromagnetic separation and ICP-OES. This method can not only evaluate the smelt possibility of ultra-low-grade magnetite but can also determine the elements to be used, making it meaningful to the comprehensive utilization of ultra-low-grade magnetite. -
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表 1 原矿中全铁及磁性铁的分析结果
Table 1. Analytical results of total iron and magnetic iron in raw ores
样品编号 全铁含量
(%)磁性铁含量
(%)磁性铁占有率
(%)1 14.74 11.63 78.92 2 14.38 10.87 75.61 3 14.23 10.57 74.28 4 16.09 12.64 78.54 5 16.60 13.14 79.14 
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表 2 原矿及磁性物中TFe、V2O5和TiO2的分析结果对比
Table 2. Comparison of analytical results of TFe, V2O5 and TiO2 in raw ore and magnetic substance
样品编号 TFe含量 (%) V2O5含量 (%) TiO2含量 (%) 原矿 磁性物 原矿 磁性物 原矿 磁性物 1 14.74 62.52 0.051 0.065 5.02 1.45 2 14.38 63.59 0.042 0.052 4.43 1.44 3 14.23 53.95 0.054 0.058 4.94 1.83 4 16.09 66.34 0.052 0.064 4.98 1.04 5 16.60 69.86 0.065 0.083 4.95 0.84
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表 3 原矿及磁性物中P、Cu、Pb和Zn的分析结果对比
Table 3. Comparison of analytical results of P, Cu, Pb and Zn in raw ore and magnetic substance
样品编号 P含量 (%) Cu含量 (%) Pb含量 (%) Zn含量 (%) 原矿 磁性物 原矿 磁性物 原矿 磁性物 原矿 磁性物 1 0.19 0.036 0.019 0.037 0.0004 0.0016 0.0085 0.0051 2 0.11 0.027 0.0029 0.0056 0.0004 0.0016 0.010 0.0061 3 0.21 0.048 0.0056 0.010 0.0005 0.0014 0.0078 0.0042 4 0.15 0.032 0.020 0.036 0.0005 0.0018 0.010 0.0050 5 0.30 0.040 0.027 0.056 0.0003 0.0018 0.011 0.0063
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