Reflectance Spectral Characteristics of Rocks and Minerals in Jiajika Lithium Deposits in West Sichuan
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摘要: 四川甲基卡矿田是中国乃至于世界上锂矿资源最集中的地区之一，目前对甲基卡锂矿床的光谱学认识还很欠缺。本文运用地物波谱仪对甲基卡地区野外采集的典型岩石及矿物开展波谱测试，建立了研究区样品的波谱数据库，总结了黑云母片岩、十字石片岩、十字石堇青石片岩、角岩、二云母花岗岩、含锂辉石伟晶岩、不含锂辉石伟晶岩、石英脉、长石斑晶、锂辉石、云母、绿柱石的波谱特征。研究结果表明：围岩与岩体波谱特征差异较大，围岩反射率一般在0.2以下，吸收特征不明显，岩体反射率一般在0.5以下，具有1413 nm、1911 nm、2197 nm三处不同程度的吸收特征；其中含矿伟晶岩、不含矿伟晶岩及花岗岩可以通过1413 nm及2197 nm等处的吸收特征进行区分；锂辉石及绿柱石具有独特的波谱特征，可以直接用于找矿。本文开展的甲基卡型锂矿地面波谱研究，对其高光谱遥感填图及地质找矿具有重要的指导意义。Abstract:
BACKGROUND The Sichuan Jiajika ore field is one of the most concentrated areas of lithium resources in China and even in the world. At present, the understanding of the spectroscopy of the Jiajika lithium deposit is still very poor. OBJECTIVES To better understand the spectra of lithium ore deposits and provide the basis for hyperspectral study of lithium ore deposits by spectrum measurement of typical rocks. METHODS Spectra of typical rocks and minerals collected in Jiajika area were measured by Analytical Spectral Devices (ASD) FieldSpec-4 Spectroradiometer and a spectral library of this area was built. The spectral characteristics of rocks and minerals including biotite schist, grenatiteschist, grenatite cordieriteschist, hornstone, granite, pegmatite containing spodumene, pegmatite without spodumene, quartz vein, feldspar, spodumenemono, biotite, aquamarine were analyzed. RESULTS The results indicate that there are differences in spectral characteristics between rock masses and surrounding rocks. The reflectance of surrounding rocks is less than 0.2, and absorption characteristics are not obvious, whereas the reflectance of rock masses is less than 0.5, and there are three absorption features at 1413 nm, 1911 nm, 2197 nm. In addition, granite, pegmatite containing spodumene, and pegmatite without spodumene can be discriminated by their unique spectra on 1413 nm and 2197 nm. The unique spectral characteristics of spodumene and aquamarine can be applied for ore exploration. CONCLUSIONS The research on the surface spectroscopy of the Jiajika type lithium ore deposit carried out in this paper has important guiding significance for hyperspectral remote sensing mapping and geological prospecting. -
Key words:
- Jiajika /
- typical rocks and minerals /
- Ground-Object Spectrometer /
- spectrum measurement
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表 1 FieldSpec-4便携式地物波谱仪测量参数
Table 1. Measurement parameters of the FieldSpec-4 Ground-Object Spectrometer
测量参数 参数范围 光谱范围 350~2500 nm 探测器 VNIR (350~1000 nm)
SWIR1 (1000~1830 nm)
SWIR2 (1830~2500 nm)光谱分辨率 3 nm (700 nm)
10 nm (1400 nm)
10 nm (2100 nm)采样间隔 1.4 nm (350~1000 nm)
2 nm (1000~2500 nm)视场角 8°, 18°, 28° 
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表 2 样品波谱测试结果
Table 2. Spectral measurement results of sample
波谱表序号 112 样品编号 JJKYG-89-17 采样地点 308号脉 样品照片 
样品岩性鉴定 含粗粒锂辉石云母石英伟晶岩，测试时测量的是锂辉石单晶 波谱测试结果 
与USGS波谱库中对比 
分析及结论 典型的锂辉石波谱图，反射率整体中等，与USGS波谱库中锂辉石单晶的波谱图极为相似。
在1413 nm、1911 nm、2207 nm处有吸收谷，在1000 nm处有一宽缓的吸收特征
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表 3 甲基卡主要岩石及矿物的波谱特征
Table 3. Spectral characteristics of main rocks and minerals in Jiajika ore deposit
岩石及矿物名称 波谱图 波谱特征 黑云母片岩 
反射率较低，一般在0.2以下。波谱整体较为平缓，吸收特征不明显，在2205 nm处有轻微吸收 十字石片岩 
反射率较低，一般在0.2以下。波谱整体较为平缓，吸收特征不明显，在2205 nm处有轻微吸收 十字石堇青石片岩 
反射率较低，一般在0.2以下。波谱整体较为平缓，吸收特征不明显，在2205 nm处有轻微吸收 角岩 
反射率在0.3以下，在1500 nm之前的波段反射率较低，在0.1以下。波谱整体呈上升趋势，在2205 nm、2247 nm、2297 nm、2370 nm有四处明显的吸收特征，与电气石的波谱特征吻合 含锂辉石伟晶岩 
反射率整体中等，在0.5以下。在1413 nm、1911 nm、2207 nm处具有明显吸收特征，与锂辉石的吸收特征吻合 不含锂辉石伟晶岩 
反射率整体中等偏上，在0.7以下。在1413 nm、2197 nm处具有明显吸收特征，在1911 nm、2345 nm处有次一级的吸收特征 二云母花岗岩 
反射率整体中等，在0.5以下。在1413 nm、2197 nm处具有明显吸收特征，在1911 nm处吸收特征较弱或不明显，在2247 nm、2345 nm处有小的吸收谷 石英 
反射率整体中等，在0.4以下。反射率曲线整体较为平缓，某些在1420 nm、1930 nm处有小的吸收特征 长石 
反射率整体中等，在0.6以下。反射率曲线整体较为平缓，在1865 nm处反射率有一个明显的下降趋势，在1413 nm、2000 nm、2102 nm、2200 nm、2349 nm有几处小的吸收谷 云母 
反射率整体中等偏下，在0.4以下。在1410 nm、2200 nm处具有明显的吸收特征，在2120 nm处具有一个小的吸收肩，在1910 nm处反射率有明显下降的陡坡 锂辉石 
反射率整体中等，在0.5以下。在1413 nm、1911 nm、220 7nm处有吸收谷，在1000 nm处有一宽缓的吸收特征 绿柱石 
反射率整体中等，在0.6以下。主要吸收谷在1405 nm、1896 nm，另外在959 nm、1150 nm、1463 nm、2059 nm、2151 nm、2202 nm处有次一级吸收谷，在1374 nm、1792 nm、1835 nm处有吸收肩
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