高磷铁矿石成分分析标准物质研制

曾美云; 陈燕波; 刘金; 王迪民

doi:10.15898/j.cnki.11-2131/td.201808150094

高磷铁矿石成分分析标准物质研制

中国地质调查局武汉地质调查中心, 湖北武汉 430205

基金项目:
自然资源部公益性行业专项(201311096)

详细信息

作者简介: 曾美云, 高级工程师, 主要从事岩矿测试及标准化研究。E-mail:ld_2002@sina.com

中图分类号: P578.12;TQ421.31

收稿日期: 2018-08-15

修回日期: 2018-12-22

录用日期: 2019-01-04

Preparation of High-phosphorus Iron Ore Reference Materials for Chemical Composition Analysis

Wuhan Center of Geological Survey, China Geological Survey, Wuhan 430205, China

Received Date: 15 August 2018

Revised Date: 22 December 2018

Accepted Date: 04 January 2019

摘要

摘要: 高磷铁矿石的分析测试过程需要基体组分相似、含量适中、定值组分全的标准物质进行质量监控，目前我国没有高磷铁矿石标准物质，现有铁矿石标准物质因基体组分不尽相同，磷元素含量大部分低于0.25%，而高磷铁矿石中磷含量均高于0.25%，这些标准物质难以满足高磷铁矿石产品的分析测试质量监控要求。基于此，本文研制了3个高磷铁矿石成分分析标准物质，样品分别采集于鄂西地区湖北宜昌秭归县野狼坪矿区、湖北恩施长岭矿区（武钢矿区）、湖北宜昌长阳县火烧坪矿区（宝钢长阳矿区），磷和铁含量均呈一定梯度，基本覆盖高磷铁矿的含量范围。均匀性和稳定性对SiO₂、Al₂O₃、TiO₂、P、K₂O、Na₂O、Fe、MnO、CaO、MgO、FeO、LOI、S、Cu、Pb、Zn、Cr、Ni、Co、Cd、Sr、Ba、V、As、Hg共25个组分进行检验，均匀性检验采用方差分析F检验法和测试结果的相对标准偏差进行评价，稳定性检验采用直线拟合，t检验法进行评估。经检验，样品均匀性、稳定性良好；定值采用11家实验室协作，采用2种以上不同原理的方法进行测试，定值组分包括主量元素、微量元素共25项，其中24项提供认定值及不确定度，Hg提供参考值。磷的含量分别为0.285%、不确定度0.010%，0.735%、不确定度0.020%，1.73%、不确定度0.05%，总铁含量分别为35.18%、不确定度0.20%，41.46%、不确定度0.20%，51.44%、不确定度0.13%。本次研制的高磷铁矿石标准物质可用于高磷铁矿的勘查、评价和综合利用开发中对标准物质的需求。
- 高磷铁矿石 /
- 标准物质 /
- 均匀性 /
- 稳定性 /
- 认定值
Abstract: BACKGROUNDThe analysis and testing process of high-phosphorus iron ore requires quality control of standard materials with similar matrix components, moderate content and fixed value components. At present, there are no certified reference materials available for high-phosphorus iron ore chemical composition analysis in China. The available iron ore reference materials in China and abroad have different matrix compositions and phosphorus contents. Phosphorus content is mostly less than 0.25%, while phosphorus content in high-phosphorus iron ore is higher than 0.25%. It is difficult to meet the analytical quality control requirements of high-phosphorus iron ore products with these reference materials. OBJECTIVESTo develop three high-phosphorus iron ore reference materials with contents of iron and phosphorus forming a certain gradient and covering the content range of high phosphorus iron ore. CANDIDATES CHARACTERISTICS The sample GPFe-1 is composed of 40% metallic minerals, 25% quartz, 15% colloidal phosphate, 20% oolitic chlorite, clay mineral, apatite, carbonate minerals, rock debris and a small amount of organic matter. The metal minerals are hematite, limonite and pyrite.The contents of iron and phosphorus are 31%-37% and 0.1%-0.5%, respectively. The sample GPFe-2 consists of 40% hematite, 5% limonite, 55% gangue mineral, and minor collophanite and pyrite. The iron and phosphorus contents in GPFe-2 are 38%-44% and 0.6%-1.0%, respectively. The sample GPFe-3 is composed of 70% metallic minerals (hematite, limonite, pyrite), 5% quartz, 1% collophane, 3% chlorite, 1% cuttings, and minor apatite and calcite. The contents of iron and phosphorus in this sample are 48%-55% and 1.4%-2.0%, respectively. METHODSThe samples of high-phosphorus iron ores were collected from the western Hubei Yelangping mining area in Zigui county of Yichang city, the Enshi Changling mining area (Wuhan iron and steel corporation mining area), and the Huoshaoping mining area in Changyang county of Yichang city (Bao Steel Group Changyang mining area). Uniformity and stability were tested for 25 components of SiO₂, Al₂O₃, TiO₂, P, K₂O, Na₂O, Fe, MnO, CaO, MgO, FeO, LOI, S, Cu, Pb, Zn, Cr, Ni, Co, Cd, Sr, Ba, V, As and Hg. Uniformity test was evaluated by variance analysis F test and relative standard deviation of test results. Stability test was evaluated by linear fitting and t-test. RESULTSThree samples were homogeneous and stable. The RSD of major elements and trace elements of 3 samples was less than 5%. The F value of variance test was less than the critical value F_0.05(24, 25)=1.96, indicating that all the components of 3 samples were homogeneous. The stability test showed that the components of 3 samples had no directional change and statistically significant differences, indicating that the elements in the 3 samples were stable. The verified value was tested by 11 laboratories and by two or more different principles. The verified value components included 25 major elements and trace elements. Three components of Na₂O, S and Hg of GPFe-1 had reference values, whereas other 22 components had certified values and uncertainties. The contents of iron and phosphorus in GPFe-1 were 35.18%±0.20% and 0.285%±0.010%, respectively. Two components of Cd and Hg in GPFe-2 had reference values, and other 23 components had certified values and uncertainties. The contents of iron and phosphorus in GPFe-2 were 41.46%±0.20% and 0.735%±0.020%, respectively. Two components of FeO and Hg in GPFe-3 had reference values, while other 23 components had certified values and uncertainties. The contents of iron and phosphorus in GPFe-3 were 51.44%±0.13% and 1.73%±0.05%, respectively. CONCLUSIONSThe developed high-phosphorus iron ore reference materials meet the requirements for exploration, evaluation, and comprehensive utilization of high-phosphorus iron ore.
- high-phosphorus iron ore /
- reference materials /
- uniformity /
- stability /
- certified values

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表 1 样品概况

Table 1. Information of samples

样品编号 Sample	采样地点 Sampling site	矿物组成 Mineral constituent	铁含量 Iron content(%)	磷含量 Phosphorus content(%)	采样量 Sample weight(kg)
GPFe-1	湖北秭归 Zigui county, Hubei Province	金属矿物40%，石英25%，胶磷矿15%，鲕绿泥石20%，黏土矿物、磷灰石、碳酸盐矿物、岩屑、有机质少量(金属矿物有：赤铁矿、褐铁矿、黄铁矿) Metallic mineral (40%), quartz (25%), colloidal phosphate (15%), oolitic chlorite (20%), clay mineral, apatite, carbonate mineral, rock debris, a small amount of organic matter (Metal minerals include hematite, limonite and pyrite)	31~37	0.1~0.5	170
GPFe-2	湖北恩施 Enshi county, Hubei Province	赤铁矿40%，褐铁矿5%，脉石矿物55%，胶磷矿少量，黄铁矿少量 Hematite (40%), limonite (5%), gangue mineral (55%), a small amount of collophanite and pyrite	38~44	0.6~1.0	170
GPFe-3	湖北长阳 Changyang county, Hubei Province	金属矿物70%(赤铁矿、褐铁矿、黄铁矿)，石英5%，胶磷矿1%，绿泥石3%，岩屑1%，磷灰石、方解石少量 Metallic minerals (70%)include hematite, limonite, and pyrite, quartz (5%), collophane (1%), chlorite (3%), cuttings (1%), a small amount of apatite and calcite	48~55	1.4~2.0	170

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表 2 高磷铁矿石样品粒度分布

Table 2. Grain distribution of phosphate rock

粒径Partical size(μm)	GPFe-1		GPFe-2		GPFe -3
粒径Partical size(μm)	区间百分含量 Interval percentage(%)	累积百分含量 Cumulative percentage(%)	区间百分含量 Interval percentage(%)	累积百分含量 Cumulative percentage(%)	区间百分含量 Interval percentage(%)	累积百分含量 Cumulative percentage(%)
1.00~1.30	4.23	40.09	4.74	53.25	5.31	61.80
1.30~2.50	6.99	47.08	6.78	60.03	6.63	68.43
2.50~5.00	8.11	55.19	7.82	67.85	6.06	74.49
5.00~6.50	4.15	59.34	3.44	71.29	2.78	77.27
6.50~10.00	7.43	66.77	5.54	76.83	4.49	81.76
10.00~13.00	4.87	71.64	3.95	80.78	3.66	85.42
13.00~18.00	6.00	77.64	4.95	85.73	4.35	89.77
18.00~20.00	1.94	79.58	1.65	87.38	1.39	91.16
20.00~23.00	2.47	82.05	2.19	89.57	1.96	93.12
23.00~28.00	3.20	85.25	2.96	92.53	2.90	96.02
28.00~32.00	2.03	87.28	1.83	94.36	1.76	97.78
32.00~38.00	2.50	89.78	2.11	96.47	1.40	99.18
38.00~45.00	2.57	92.35	1.84	98.31	0.63	99.81
45.00~53.00	2.68	95.03	1.08	99.39	0.17	99.98
53.00~63.00	2.64	97.67	0.49	99.88	0.02	100
63.00~75.00	1.57	99.24	0.12	100	0	100

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表 3 均匀性检验结果

Table 3. Homogeneity test results of candidates

样品编号 Sample	项目 Parameter	组分含量 Component content (%)												组分含量 Component content (%)
样品编号 Sample	项目 Parameter	SiO₂	Al₂O₃	TiO₂	P	K₂O	Na₂O	Fe	MnO	CaO	MgO	FeO	LOI	S	Cu	Pb	Zn	Cr	Ni	Co	Cd	Sr	Ba	V	As	Hg
GPFe-1	x	40.9	4.25	0.133	0.273	0.032	0.008	35.1	0.042	0.273	0.224	0.273	3.31	56.7	20.7	20.7	91.3	46.7	41.8	35.1	75.1	120	110	324	12.4	0.058
	RSD(%)	0.25	0.63	2.33	1.43	2.79	2.92	0.25	3.37	1.83	2.9	2.3	1.26	2.32	3.73	3.35	2.08	1.67	2.62	2.2	1.68	1.4	1.25	0.31	2.87	4.84
	F	1.35	1.29	1.09	1.45	1.58	1.08	1.01	1.19	1.53	1.68	1.48	1.39	1.21	1.72	1.39	1.07	1.62	1.05	1.38	1.2	1.75	1.77	1.85	1.27	1.67
	u_bb	0.04	0.01	0.0006	0.002	0.0004	0.0001	0.006	0.0004	0.002	0.003	0.003	0.02	0.40	0.40	0.30	0.30	0.40	0.20	0.30	0.40	0.90	0.70	0.50	0.10	0.001
GPFe-2	x	28.6	4.75	0.15	0.74	0.23	0.06	41.5	0.07	1.89	0.34	0.56	2.78	136	5.5	26.5	114	50	84.4	35	32	188	83.8	438	50.6	0.02
	RSD(%)	0.27	1.28	3.09	1.03	3.77	3.96	0.17	4.28	1.21	2.13	1.74	1.09	1.8	1.93	2.59	1.56	4.04	1.29	3.55	2.91	1	1.08	0.46	3.54	4.35
	F	1.07	1.52	1.7	1.75	1.16	1.02	1.53	1.32	1.66	1.4	1.17	1.57	1.17	1.17	1.77	1.38	1.59	1.4	1.63	1.63	1.5	1.46	1.17	1.07	1.16
	u_bb	0.01	0.03	0.002	0.004	0.002	0.0002	0.03	0.001	0.01	0.003	0.003	0.01	0.70	0.03	0.40	0.70	1.00	0.40	0.60	0.50	0.80	0.40	0.60	0.30	0.0003
GPFe-3	x	9.46	3.76	0.126	1.71	0.176	0.06	51.4	0.505	5.36	0.497	0.345	2.33	41	7.04	104	115	30.4	60.4	40.6	41.1	162	172	485	125	9.5
	RSD(%)	0.72	1.36	3.28	1.85	2.92	4.6	0.15	1.3	0.66	2.14	2.1	1.43	3.11	0.84	1.14	0.92	2.96	1.86	2.28	3.34	1.29	0.98	0.43	1.5	0.83
	F	1.08	1.71	1.71	1.28	1.04	1.29	1.47	1.29	1.3	1.64	1.3	1.17	1.51	1.32	1.27	1.43	1.16	1.58	1.42	1.44	1.43	1.49	1.4	1.42	1.74
	u_bb	0.01	0.03	0.002	0.01	0.001	0.001	0.03	0.002	0.01	0.005	0.003	0.009	0.60	0.02	0.40	0.40	0.20	0.50	0.40	0.60	0.90	0.80	0.90	0.80	0.04

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表 4 稳定性检验结果

Table 4. Stability test results of candidates

样品编号 Sample	项目 Parameter	组分含量Component content (%)
样品编号 Sample	项目 Parameter	SiO₂	Al₂O₃	TiO₂	P	K₂O	Na₂O	Fe	MnO	CaO	MgO	FeO	LOI	S	Cu	Pb	Zn	Cr	Ni	Co	Cd	Sr	Ba	V	As	Hg
GPFe-1	x	40.7	4.22	0.131	0.276	0.031	0.009	35.1	0.041	0.279	0.227	0.278	3.31	57	14.8	20.8	91.1	46.3	41.3	34.8	75.3	121	111	322	12.6	0.052
	b₁	-0.0067	0.0001	-0.0004	0.0003	-0.00001	-0.00004	0.0071	-0.00002	0.0001	-0.0003	0.0012	-0.0037	-0.0105	0.0071	-0.051	0.121	0.1138	-0.0062	0.0324	0.0048	-0.1319	0.0433	-0.0876	0.0114	0.0001
	t_0.05×s(b₁)	0.0248	0.0044	0.0017	0.0007	0.0004	0.0001	0.0183	0.0002	0.0024	0.0022	0.0025	0.0217	0.5312	0.0709	0.2227	0.4711	0.2117	0.2308	0.0922	0.5526	0.302	0.3157	0.1732	0.0539	0.0003
	u_s	0.10	0.01	0.005	0.002	0.001	0.0002	0.10	0.001	0.01	0.01	0.01	0.10	1.5	0.20	0.60	1.3	0.60	0.60	0.30	1.5	0.80	0.90	0.50	0.20	0
GPFe-2	x	28.6	4.8	0.146	0.74	0.231	0.066	41.5	0.073	1.87	0.336	0.554	2.78	136	5.53	25.6	113	48.9	84.5	35.1	31.9	187	83.9	439	50.9	0.024
	b₁	-0.0002	0.0032	0.0007	-0.0011	0.0002	0.0004	0.0086	0.0001	0.0015	0.0001	-0.0004	-0.0011	0.1643	-0.0139	0.0095	-0.0476	0.02	0.1148	-0.05	-0.0667	-0.0343	-0.0033	-0.1891	-0.0067	0.00007
	t_0.05×s(b₁)	0.0156	0.018	0.002	0.0036	0.0041	0.0008	0.036	0.0006	0.0114	0.0022	0.0029	0.0071	0.4247	0.0371	0.0572	0.5118	0.5342	0.2856	0.1392	0.1923	0.1821	0.3546	0.549	0.5545	0.0002
	u_s	0.04	0.05	0.01	0.01	0.01	0.002	0.10	0.002	0.03	0.01	0.01	0.02	1.2	0.10	0.20	1.4	1.5	0.80	0.40	0.50	0.50	1.00	1.50	1.50	0.001
GPFe-3	x	9.48	3.77	0.124	1.7	0.175	0.057	51.4	0.504	5.36	0.487	0.346	2.35	41.5	7.03	104	115	30.5	60.1	40.7	40.8	163	172	486	125	9.46
	b₁	-0.0061	0.0042	0.00003	-0.0035	0.0001	0.0001	0.0041	0.0002	0.0053	0.0003	0.0008	0.0017	0.0319	0.0034	0.0314	-0.0729	0.0081	0.1133	0.0076	0.21	0.0205	0.1552	0.0157	0.0795	0.0022
	t_0.05×s(b₁)	0.0155	0.006	0.0004	0.0044	0.0006	0.0013	0.0126	0.0019	0.0078	0.0065	0.002	0.0098	0.2625	0.0245	0.7101	0.1181	0.3522	0.1574	0.3892	0.2321	0.2109	0.6929	0.5857	0.176	0.0134
	u_s	0.04	0.02	0.001	0.01	0	0	0.04	0.01	0.02	0.02	0.01	0.03	0.70	0.07	2.00	0.30	1.00	0.40	1.1	0.60	0.60	1.9	1.6	0.50	0.04

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表 5 各元素定值采用的样品分解和分析方法

Table 5. Sample decomposition and analytical methods used for the certification of high-phosphorus iron ore reference materials

组分 Component	样品分解方法 Decomposition method	测定方法 Analytical method
SiO₂	DMA, FUS	GR, XRF
Al₂O₃	DF, FUS	COV, ICP-OES, XRF
TiO₂	DMA, FUS	COL, ICP-OES, XRF
P	FU, FUS	COL, XRF
K₂O	DF, FU, FUS	AAS, ICP-OES, XRF
Na₂O	DF, FU, FUS	AAS, ICP-OES, XRF
Fe	DF, FU	COV, ICP-OES
MnO	FU, FUS	AAS, ICP-OES, XRF
CaO	DMA, FU, FUP	AAS, COV, ICP-OES
MgO	DMA, FU	AAS, ICP-OES
FeO	DF	COV
LOI	COB	GR
Cu	DF, DFC	AAS, ICP-MS
Pb	DF, DFC	AAS, ICP-MS
Zn	DF, FU	AAS, ICP-OES
Cr	DF, FU, DFC	AAS, ICP-MS
Ni	DF, FU, DFC	AAS, ICP-MS, ICP-OES
Co	DF, DFC	AAS, ICP-MS
Cd	DF, DFC	GAAS, ICP-MS
Sr	DF, DFC	ICP-MS, ICP-OES
Ba	DF, DFC	ICP-MS, ICP-OES
V	DF, DFC	ICP-MS, ICP-OES
As	DA, DFC	AFS, ICP-MS
Hg	DA	AFS
S	COB	COV, CS
注：样品分解方法为DA—王水分解；DF—含氢氟酸的混合酸分解；DFC—混合酸密闭分解；FUP—氨水溶解；FU—熔融；COB—燃烧法；DMA—混合酸分解；FUS—熔片法。测定方法为XRF—X射线荧光光谱法；GR—重量法；ICP-MS—电感耦合等离子体质谱法；ICP-OES—电感耦合等离子体发射光谱法；AFS—原子荧光光谱法；AAS—火焰原子吸收光谱法；COL—比色法；COV—容量法；CS—高频红外吸收光谱法；GAAS—石墨炉原子吸收光谱法。

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表 6 标准物质的认定值与扩展不确定度

Table 6. Certified values and expanded uncertainty of the reference materials

定值指标 Component	定值单位 Unit	认定值与扩展不确定度 Certified value and expanded uncertainty
定值指标 Component	定值单位 Unit	GPFe-1	GPFe-2	GPFe-3
SiO₂	%	40.74±0.20	28.57±0.20	9.37±0.10
Al₂O₃	%	4.22±0.03	4.78±0.08	3.78±0.10
TiO₂	%	0.138±0.010	0.146±0.010	0.137±0.010
P	%	0.285±0.010	0.735±0.020	1.73±0.05
K₂O	%	0.033±0.003	0.225±0.010	0.174±0.010
Na₂O	%	(0.008)	0.057±0.002	0.055±0.010
Fe	%	35.18±0.20	41.46±0.20	51.44±0.13
MnO	%	0.043±0.002	0.074±0.003	0.471±0.040
CaO	%	0.249±0.020	1.94±0.04	5.33±0.07
MgO	%	0.225±0.020	0.332±0.020	0.516±0.040
FeO	%	0.255±0.020	0.543±0.030	(0.335)
LOI	%	3.26±0.20	2.75±0.20	2.36±0.10
S	μg/g	(57)	135.9±3.3	41.5±1.8
Cu	μg/g	11.26±1.00	5.52±0.40	6.9±0.4
Pb	μg/g	19.1±1.6	27.59±1.70	103.8±5.0
Zn	μg/g	93.33±6.00	114.1±3.8	116.4±5.4
Cr	μg/g	47.79±3.10	50.66±3.40	31.36±3.60
Ni	μg/g	40.63±1.70	84.75±1.60	61.6±1.7
Co	μg/g	35.08±1.50	37.23±1.70	41.45±2.90
Cd	μg/g	65.3±9.9	(29.51)	38.42±3.00
Sr	μg/g	117.3±3.6	189.4±6.8	162.4±4.4
Ba	μg/g	108.1±4.8	81.15±3.20	173.2±5.4
V	μg/g	323.7±6.4	431.9±10.6	493.7±14.3
As	μg/g	12.51±0.50	51.38±1.90	129.9±11.2
Hg	μg/g	(0.053)	(0.02)	(0.01)

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表 7 标准物质质量监控结果

Table 7. Quality control results of the reference materials

样品编号 Sample	项目 Parameter	组分含量 Component content (%)
样品编号 Sample	项目 Parameter	SiO₂	Al₂O₃	TiO₂	P	K₂O	Na₂O	Fe	MnO	CaO	MgO	FeO	S	Cu^*
GBW07825	认定值 Certified value	16.3	2.58	0.138	0.138	0.91	0.035	49.5	0.256	0.91	0.98	7.66	0.065	14
	x	16.18	2.55	0.14	0.135	0.92	0.034	49.4	0.26	0.9	1.01	7.6	0.067	16
	RE(%)	0.74	1.16	1.45	2.17	1.1	2.86	0.2	1.56	1.1	3.06	0.78	3.08	7.14
GBW07112	认定值 Certified value	35.69	14.14	7.69	0.012	0.15	2.11	17.31	0.193	9.86	5.25	13.36	0.37	28.3
	x	35.52	14.21	7.68	0.012	0.15	2.1	17.32	0.19	9.85	5.18	13.35	0.368	28.5
	RE(%)	0.64	0.49	0.13	0	0	0.47	0.06	1.6	0.1	1.33	0.07	0.54	0.71

样品编号 Sample		项目 Parameter		组分含量 Component content (%)
样品编号 Sample		项目 Parameter		Pb	Zn	Cr	Ni	Co	Cd	Sr	Ba	V	As	Hg
GBW07112		认定值 Certified value		5.16	118	14.5	69	93	0.09	612	86.2	768	0.21	0.0050
		x		5	114	14.3	70.1	91.9	0.07	634	84.8	758	0.23	0.005
		RE(%)		3.1	3.39	1.38	1.59	1.2	22.22	3.59	1.62	1.3	9.52	0
注：*组分含量单位为μg/g。

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高磷铁矿石成分分析标准物质研制

中国地质调查局武汉地质调查中心, 湖北 武汉 430205

作者简介: 曾美云, 高级工程师, 主要从事岩矿测试及标准化研究。E-mail:ld_2002@sina.com

Preparation of High-phosphorus Iron Ore Reference Materials for Chemical Composition Analysis

Wuhan Center of Geological Survey, China Geological Survey, Wuhan 430205, China

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中国地质调查局武汉地质调查中心, 湖北武汉 430205