中国地质学会岩矿测试技术专业委员会、国家地质实验测试中心主办

2010—2018年北京市人体中六溴环十二烷的残留特征与风险评估

李玉芳, 佟玲, 徐进力, 白金峰, 宋淑玲. 2010—2018年北京市人体中六溴环十二烷的残留特征与风险评估[J]. 岩矿测试, 2023, 42(2): 326-337. doi: 10.15898/j.cnki.11-2131/td.202207050123
引用本文: 李玉芳, 佟玲, 徐进力, 白金峰, 宋淑玲. 2010—2018年北京市人体中六溴环十二烷的残留特征与风险评估[J]. 岩矿测试, 2023, 42(2): 326-337. doi: 10.15898/j.cnki.11-2131/td.202207050123
LI Yufang, TONG Ling, XU Jinli, BAI Jinfeng, SONG Shuling. Residual Characteristics and Risk Assessment of Hexabromocyclododecane in Humans from 2010 to 2018 in Beijing[J]. Rock and Mineral Analysis, 2023, 42(2): 326-337. doi: 10.15898/j.cnki.11-2131/td.202207050123
Citation: LI Yufang, TONG Ling, XU Jinli, BAI Jinfeng, SONG Shuling. Residual Characteristics and Risk Assessment of Hexabromocyclododecane in Humans from 2010 to 2018 in Beijing[J]. Rock and Mineral Analysis, 2023, 42(2): 326-337. doi: 10.15898/j.cnki.11-2131/td.202207050123

2010—2018年北京市人体中六溴环十二烷的残留特征与风险评估

  • 基金项目:
    国家自然科学基金面上项目(41473008);中国地质调查局地质调查项目(DD20221641)
详细信息
    作者简介: 李玉芳,硕士,助理工程师,分析化学专业。E-mail:1012584280@qq.com
    通讯作者: 宋淑玲,博士,研究员,主要从事有机污染物分析技术及人体暴露研究。E-mail:songshuling163@163.com
  • 中图分类号: P734.4; X820.4; O657.63

Residual Characteristics and Risk Assessment of Hexabromocyclododecane in Humans from 2010 to 2018 in Beijing

More Information
  • 六溴环十二烷(HBCDs)作为一种持久性有机污染物,具有生物累积性及多种生物毒性,以母乳、血清、头发及脂肪组织为介质,评价人体HBCDs的残留特征和健康风险受到广泛关注。本文以北京地区为研究区域,连续采集和分析2010—2018年母乳样品中的HBCDs,探究北京人体中HBCDs的残留特征与变化趋势,同时评估婴幼儿通过母乳喂养摄入HBCDs是否存在健康风险。研究共招募85名志愿者采集233份母乳样品,采用液液萃取-多级净化法进行样品处理,高效液相色谱-串联质谱法(LC-MS/MS)测定样品中HBCDs及其异构体含量。样品的测定结果显示:① HBCDs的检出率为100%,浓度范围为0.46~93.5ng/g lw(脂重),均值和中值分别为7.27ng/g lw和5.77ng/g lw,高端暴露量第95百分位值为15.6ng/g lw;② α-HBCD为主要异构体,3种非对映异构体的含量占比大小为:α-HBCD>γ-HBCD>β-HBCD;③婴幼儿HBCDs的每日估计摄入量EDI中值为20.5ng/kg bw/day,第95百分位值为71.4ng/kg bw/day,高于日本、加纳及中国的其他城市。2010—2018年北京地区母乳中HBCDs浓度与北京地区以往的研究数据相比较接近,与国内外其他地区相比水平较高,且存在个体差异。HBCDs总量从2010—2013年持续上升,而后小幅度下降并趋于平缓,可能与中国及全球HBCDs的使用及禁用有关。健康风险评估结果显示,99%的母乳样品的非致癌风险危害系数(HQ)小于1,表明婴幼儿通过母乳喂养摄入HBCDs不会带来显著的健康风险,但1%母乳样品HQ值大于1,表明研究区域存在高风险暴露婴幼儿个体。

  • 加载中
  • 图 1  标准溶液中(a)D18-HBCD、(b)13C-HBCDs、(c)HBCDs及实际母乳样品中(d)HBCDs三种异构体提取离子流图

    Figure 1. 

    图 2  2010—2018年母乳中HBCDs浓度分布散点图和中值线

    Figure 2. 

    图 3  母乳中∑HBCDs及三种异构体浓度中值随时间变化趋势

    Figure 3. 

    表 1  志愿者与母乳样品数量信息

    Table 1.  Main information of the donors and samples

    采样年份 志愿者人数 样品个数 志愿者平均年龄
    2010 7 8 29
    2011 14 32 31
    2012 7 25 29
    2013 3 13 29
    2014 12 26 30
    2015 7 28 31
    2016 17 44 32
    2017 9 42 32
    2018 9 15 35
    下载: 导出CSV

    表 2  液相色谱梯度洗脱程序

    Table 2.  Gradient elution procedure of HPLC for separation

    时间
    (min)
    A相
    (%)
    B相
    (%)
    流速
    (μL/min)
    0.00 60.0 40.0 500
    11.0 92.0 8.0 500
    14.0 100 0.0 500
    16.0 60.0 40.0 500
    20.0 60.0 40.0 500
    下载: 导出CSV

    表 3  质谱条件与参数

    Table 3.  Main parameters of mass spectrometer

    质谱条件 参数
    雾化温度(Temperature,TEM) 300℃
    离子喷射电压(Ion Spray Voltage,IS) -4500V
    气帘气压力(Curtain Gas,CUR) 10psi
    雾化气(Ion Source Gas1,GS1) 60psi
    辅助气(Ion Source Gas2,GS2) 50psi
    碰撞气压力(Collision Gas,CAD) 8psi
    去簇电压(Declustering Potential,DP) -40V
    入口电压(Entrance Potential,EP) -10V
    碰撞能量(Collision Energy,CE) -40eV
    碰撞出口电压(Collision Cell Exit Potential,CXP) -6V
    下载: 导出CSV

    表 4  北京市2010—2018母乳中HBCDs及其非对映异构体浓度

    Table 4.  Levels of HBCDs and diastereoisomers in breast milk in Beijing from 2010 to 2018

    HBCDs异构体 检出率
    (%)
    最小值
    (ng/g lw)
    P5
    (ng/g lw)
    平均值
    (ng/g lw)
    中值
    (ng/g lw)
    P95
    (ng/g lw)
    最大值
    (ng/g lw)
    占比
    (%)
    α-HBCD 100 0.12 1.24 5.83 5.09 13.6 48.3 80.1
    β-HBCD 35.6 0.00 0.00 0.25 0.00 1.35 13.4 3.60
    γ-HBCD 70.8 0.00 0.00 1.18 0.24 3.22 73.1 16.3
    HBCDs 100 0.46 1.84 7.27 5.77 15.6 93.5 -
    注:浓度低于检出限取0值;P5、P95分别表示第5、第95百分位值。
    下载: 导出CSV

    表 5  婴幼儿对HBCDs每日估计摄入量

    Table 5.  Estimated daily intake (EDI) of HBCDs for infants

    HBCDs
    异构体
    最小值
    (ng/kg bw/day)
    P5
    (ng/kg bw/day)
    平均值
    (ng/kg bw/day)
    中值
    (ng/kg bw/day)
    P95
    (ng/kg bw/day)
    最大值
    (ng/kg bw/day)
    α-HBCD 0.35 4.28 23.5 17.6 55.6 236.3
    β-HBCD 0.00 0.00 0.76 0.00 2.57 27.1
    γ-HBCD 0.00 0.00 3.89 0.97 12.1 168.9
    HBCDs 1.38 5.76 28.2 20.5 71.4 267.3
    注:P5、P95分别表示第5、第95百分位值。
    下载: 导出CSV
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出版历程
收稿日期:  2022-07-05
修回日期:  2022-08-26
录用日期:  2022-12-07
刊出日期:  2023-03-28

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