ASSESSMENT OF SEAWATER INTRUSION IN THE COASTAL PLAIN AQUIFERS OF YANG-DAI RIVER USING DC-RESISTIVITY METHODS
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摘要:
海水和淡水之间的显著电性差异使得直流电阻率法可用于识别和监测海水入侵。洋戴河平原不同海水入侵程度含水层，其电阻率呈现出显著分异，一般规律为：严重入侵（<5 Ω∙m），轻度入侵（5～13 Ω∙m），未入侵（13～150 Ω∙m）。结合水文地质钻孔资料，依靠含水层电阻率分布识别海水入侵。结果表明，洋戴河平原部分地区海水入侵进程具有明显的季节效应，由于农灌开采地下水导致6月海水入侵程度较为严重，3、11月海水入侵程度相对较弱。研究区滨海浅层地下咸水（微咸水）区主要分布在河道两侧，并向周围抽水灌溉区发展，其主要来源是海水沿河床入侵后形成的混合咸水以及灌溉回归水。现有的措施已经对海水入侵发展起到了一定的减缓作用，但仍需加强典型地段的防治。
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关键词:
- 洋戴河平原 /
- 垂直电测深 /
- 高密度电阻率层析成像 /
- 海水入侵识别
Abstract:The distinct electrical difference between seawater and fresh water makes the Direct Current (DC) resistivity method useful for detecting and monitoring seawater intrusion (SWI). The aquifers invaded by seawater in different degrees exhibit significant resistivity difference, which could be classified into 3 groups: serious SWI (<5 Ω∙m), mild SWI (5~13 Ω∙m), and non-SWI (13~150 Ω∙m). Combined with the hydrogeological borehole data, the DC resistivity method can be used to identify the seawater intrusion affected areas after deleting the low resistance interference caused by clay layers. The results show that the seawater intrusion process in the Yang-Dai River plain has significant seasonal effects. It is relatively serious in June, the irrigation season and alleviated in March and November. The coastal shallow subsurface saltwater (brackish water) area in the study area is mainly distributed on the two sides of the river and gradually expanded into the surrounding irrigation area. Mixing of fresh and saline water from SWI and irrigation return flow is responsible for the saltwater sources. Near the coastline, sea farming could be the additive source for the saltwater input. The existing measures have played a certain role in slowing down the process of seawater intrusion, but it is still necessary to strengthen the measures to prevent and control seawater intrusion.
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表 1 该地第四系部分岩性电阻率范围（引自文献[23]）
Table 1. The resistivity of Quaternary sediment of the study area（from reference[23]）
岩性 电阻率/（Ω∙m） 岩性 电阻率/（Ω∙m） 粉质黏土 25～35 含咸水中粗砂 5～15 中粗砂 80～150 含淡水砾卵石 20～30 砾卵石 100～300 含咸水砾卵石 2.5～4 
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表 2 海水入侵等级分类
Table 2. Classification of seawater intrusion degree
海水入侵等级 I II Ⅲ 海水入侵程度 未入侵 轻度入侵 严重入侵 水体咸化程度 淡水 微咸水 咸水 Cl− /（mg∙L−1） <250 250～1000 >1 000 TDS /（mg∙L−1） <1 000 1 000～3 000 >3 000 ρs /（Ω∙m） 13～150 5～13 <5
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