盐城新洋港河表层沉积物重金属污染评价与源解析

蔡於杞; 毛龙江; 邹春辉; 邓晓茜; 王婷; 周超凡

doi:10.16028/j.1009-2722.2021.332

盐城新洋港河表层沉积物重金属污染评价与源解析

1.
南京信息工程大学海洋科学学院，南京 210044

2.
南京信息工程大学科学技术史研究院，南京 210044

3.
江苏省环境监测中心，南京 210019

基金项目: 国家自然科学基金（41771218）；江苏省生态环境厅招标项目（JSZC-320000-JSSJ-G2022-0007）；江苏省环境监测中心开放课题 (2119) ；2020年南京聚谱监测科技有限公司研发基金(2020-06008)

详细信息

作者简介: 蔡於杞（1997—），男，在读硕士，主要从事海洋沉积环境方面的研究工作. E-mail：caiyq1997@outlook.com

通讯作者: 毛龙江（1975—），男，博士，教授，主要从事海洋沉积环境方面的研究工作. E-mail：mlj1214@163.com

中图分类号: P736.21

收稿日期: 2021-12-30

录用日期: 2022-12-12

刊出日期: 2023-05-28

Pollution assessment and source tracking of heavy metals in surface sediments of Xinyanggang River

1.
School of Marine Sciences, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing 210044, China

2.
Institute of the History of Science and Technology, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing 210044, China

3.
Jiangsu Provincial Environmental Monitoring Center, Nanjing 210019, China

More Information

Corresponding author: MAO Longjiang, mlj1214@163.com

Received Date: 30 December 2021

Accepted Date: 12 December 2022

Publish Date: 28 May 2023

摘要

摘要:
以盐城市新洋港河表层沉积物为研究对象，运用富集系数法和潜在生态风险指数法对6种重金属进行污染评价，结合多变量分析方法和正定矩阵因子分解模型（PMF）进行来源解析。研究结果表明，新洋港河表层沉积物重金属Cr、Ni、Cu、Zn、As、Pb的平均浓度分别为70.63 、27.73、21.60、21.60 、9.01、20.38 mg/kg，其平均浓度顺序为Zn>Cr>Ni>Cu>Pb>As，多数表层沉积物样品中6种重金属数样点处于轻度—中度富集水平，潜在生态风险指数评价结果表明研究区域整体处于轻度生态风险。重金属按照来源大致分为3类：①第1类为Cu、Zn和Pb，主要来自工业废水、城市生活污水和城市交通（贡献率占44.60%）；②第2类为Cr和Ni，主要来自城市制造业（贡献率占34.50%）；③第3类为As，主要来源农业污染和养殖（贡献率占20.90%）。
- 重金属 /
- 污染评价 /
- 来源解析 /
- 沉积物 /
- 新洋港河
Abstract:
The ecological risk of six heavy metals (Cr, Ni, Cu, Zn, As, Pb) in the surface sediments collected from the Xinyanggang River in Yancheng, Jiangsu, East China was evaluated using the enrichment coefficient method and potential ecological risk indexing, combined with multivariate analysis method and positive matrix factorization model (PMF) for source analysis. Results show that: (1) The average concentrations of the heavy metals were Cr (70.63 mg/kg), Ni (27.73 mg/kg), Cu (21.60 mg/kg), Zn (21.60 mg/kg), As (9.01 mg/kg), and Pb (20.38 mg/kg). The average levels of metals are in the order of Zn > Cr > Ni > Cu > Pb > As. Six heavy metals in most of the samples were at the levels of low and moderate enrichment. The potential ecological risk index indicated low ecological risk in the whole study area. The sources of heavy metals were divided into three categories. Cu, Zn, and Pb were derived from industrial wastewater, urban domestic sewage, and urban traffic (44.60%); Cr and Ni mainly came from the emission of urban manufacturing operations (34.50%); and As was mainly from agriculture and breeding pollution (20.90%).
- heavy metals /
- pollution evaluation /
- source analysis /
- sediment /
- Xinyanggang River

HTML全文

图 1 新洋港河表层沉积物采样站点

Figure 1.

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图 2 新洋港河表层沉积物重金属随采样点位置变化浓度

Figure 2.

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图 3 新洋港河表层沉积物重金属富集系数

Figure 3.

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图 4 新洋港河表层沉积物重金属潜在生态风险指数

Figure 4.

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图 5 沉积物重金属主成分载荷因子和聚类分析树状图

Figure 5.

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图 6 PMF模型解析出的新洋港河表层沉积物重金属的源指纹谱及其贡献率

Figure 6.

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表 1 新洋港河与江苏其他入海河流表层沉积物重金属浓度对比

Table 1. Comparison of heavy metal contents in surface sediments of Xinyanggang River and other rivers in Jiangsu Province

研究区域	参数	Cr	Ni	Cu	Zn	As	Pb	数据来源
新洋港河	浓度最小值/（mg/kg）	50.52	21.88	13.34	47.06	5.35	14.52	本研究
	浓度最大值/（mg/kg）	92.12	40.67	35.54	323.66	13.14	46.34
	浓度平均值/（mg/kg）	70.63	27.73	21.60	77.61	9.01	20.38
	标准偏差	10.39	4.41	5.93	50.55	1.72	6.54
	变异系数/%	14.71	15.90	27.45	65.13	19.09	32.09
灌河入海河段	平均浓度/（mg/kg）	75.40	/	31.10	127.00	16.60	27.00	文献[23]
射阳河流域		41.47	62.34	66.91	799.85	/	46.25	文献[24]
韩口河		22.76	13.25	9.67	35.29	/	8.87
龙王河		26.28	16.50	13.79	44.83	/	11.28	文献[25]
兴庄河		35.39	23.59	16.06	49.44	/	15.13
沙王河		45.81	30.83	27.20	262.71	/	23.44
青口河		29.14	19.85	16.66	62.19	/	15.26	文献[25]
临洪河		44.56	29.16	23.28	78.65	/	19.08

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表 2 新洋港河表层沉积物重金属变量之间的Pearson相关矩阵

Table 2. The Pearson correlation matrix between heavy metal variables in surface sediments of Xinyanggang River

	Cr	Ni	Cu	Zn	As	Pb
Cr	1
Ni	0.73**	1
Cu	0.56**	0.65**	1
Zn	0.51**	0.68**	0.63**	1
As	0.38*	0.48**	0.22	0.50**	1
Pb	0.68**	0.79**	0.82**	0.89**	0.37*	1
注：*表示在0.01水平（双尾）上显著相关，表示在0.05水平（双尾）上显著相关。

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表 3 新洋港河表层沉积物重金属变量载荷矩阵

Table 3. Variable loading matrix of heavy metals in surface sediments of Xinyanggang River

重金属元素	PC1	PC2	PC3
Cr	0.30	0.91	0.18
Ni	0.55	0.66	0.32
Cu	0.82	0.39	−0.06
Zn	0.84	0.15	0.42
As	0.15	0.20	0.95
Pb	0.87	0.42	0.19
特征值	2.55	1.64	1.25
变量解释/%	42.51	27.28	20.27
累积/%	42.51	69.79	90.60
注：PC为各个主成分。

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