电镀场地重金属铬污染土固化率及稳定性研究

王露艳; 刘干斌; 周晔; 陈航; 陈斌

doi:10.16030/j.cnki.issn.1000-3665.202109004

电镀场地重金属铬污染土固化率及稳定性研究

1.
宁波大学岩土工程研究所, 浙江宁波　315211

2.
宁波工程学院建筑与交通工程学院, 浙江宁波　315211

基金项目: 国家自然科学基金项目（51678311）；宁波市社发重大项目（2017C510002）

详细信息

作者简介: 王露艳（1997-），女，硕士研究生，主要从事桩基工程、能源地下结构方面的研究工作。E-mail：841253899@qq.com

通讯作者: 陈斌（1964-），男，博士，教授，主要从事桩基工程、能源地下结构方面的研究工作。 E-mail：79967135@qq.com

中图分类号: X53

收稿日期: 2021-09-02

修回日期: 2021-10-21

刊出日期: 2022-07-25

A study of the curing rate and stability of heavy metal chromium contaminated soil at electroplating sites

1.
School of Civil and Environmental Engineering，Ningbo Unversity, Ningbo, Zhejiang　315211， China

2.
School of Building and Transporing，Ningbo Unversity of Technology, Ningbo, Zhejiang　315211， China

More Information

Corresponding author: CHEN Bin, 79967135@qq.com

Received Date: 02 September 2021

Revised Date: 21 October 2021

Publish Date: 25 July 2022

摘要

摘要:
为了解决宁波地区电镀场地重金属污染问题，研究利用自配固化剂开展铬污染土的毒性浸出试验、无侧限抗压强度试验、动荷载作用下的长期稳定性试验以及扫描电镜试验。在此基础上分析固化土的力学特性、浸出特性等随养护龄期、固化剂掺量、固化剂配比、铬污染水平的变化规律。结果表明：自配固化剂对铬污染土的固化率均达85%以上，固化率大体上随固化剂掺量增加而增大，随铬浓度上升而下降，随养护龄期的增加先上升后下降；固化铬污染土的无侧限抗压强度随龄期和固化剂掺量的增加而增大，随铬浓度的增加而降低；相对于施加动荷载作用前，经过28，90 d养护的固化土在长期动荷载后的固化率及无侧限抗压强度均有小幅度下降，但各因素的影响规律不变。试验表明自配固化剂对铬有很好的固化效果，研究所得各影响因素的变化规律可为固化和修复重金属污染的电镀场地提供理论支持。
- 重金属；铬 /
- 无侧限抗压强度 /
- 毒性浸出试验 /
- 微观分析
Abstract:
In order to solve the problem of heavy metal pollution at electroplating sites in Ningbo, toxic characteristic leaching procedure, unconfined compressive strength test, long-term stability test under dynamic load and scanning electron microscope test of chromium-contaminated soil were carried out by using self-formulated curing agent. On this basis, the change patterns of the mechanical properties and leaching characteristics of the cured soil with the maintenance age, curing agent dosing, curing agent ratio and heavy metal contamination level are analyzed. The results show that the curing rate of chromium-contaminated soil with self-formulated curing agents is more than 85%, and curing rate increases with the amount of curing agent, decreases with the concentration of chromium, and increases with the age of maintenance and then decreases. The curing rate and unconfined compressive strength of the cured soil after 28, 90 d curing compared with those before the application of dynamic load show a small decrease, but the influence pattern of each factor remained the same. The self-formulated curing agents have a good curing effect on chromium. This research may provide theoretical support for curing and remediation of contaminated electroplating sites based on the analysis of the variation pattern of each factor variable.
- heavy metal; chromium /
- unconfined compressive strength /
- toxicity leaching test /
- microscopic analysis

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图 1 龄期28 d CB固化剂固化率随铬浓度变化

Figure 1.

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图 2 CB固化剂掺量为10%时固化率随龄期变化

Figure 2.

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图 3 龄期28 d固化率随固化剂掺量变化

Figure 3.

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图 4 固化土长期动荷载前、后固化率对比

Figure 4.

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图 5 固化土无侧限抗压强度长期动荷载前、后对比

Figure 5.

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图 6 不掺加固化剂养护龄期90 d的SEM图

Figure 6.

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图 7 不同养护龄期下掺加固化剂的SEM图

Figure 7.

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图 8 振动后养护90 d的SEM图

Figure 8.

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表 1 试验土的基本物理力学指标

Table 1. Physical and mechanical indexes of test soil

天然含水率/%	液限 /%	塑限 /%	塑性指数	颗粒比重	压缩指数	回弹指数
41.1	44.5	23	21.5	2.76	0.41	0.05

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表 2 铬污染土固化设计配比

Table 2. Experimental program of solidification of chromium contaminated soil

编号	固化剂各组分占比/%
编号	水泥	石灰	硅酸钠	膨润土	沸石粉
CB1	60	20	10	5	5
CB2	60	20	15	5	0
CB3	60	15	20	0	5

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表 3 动荷载试验方案

Table 3. Dynamic load test scheme

编号	围压/kPa	龄期/d	温度/°C	试验描述
1	50	28	25	常规固结不排水动三轴试验：动荷载施加20 kPa（振动3600次）
2	50	90	25	常规固结不排水动三轴试验：动荷载施加20 kPa（振动3600次）
注：试验采用正弦波，振动模式采用单向纯压振动；本试验振动频率取1 Hz；振动5000~10000次试样会发生破坏，强度大大下降，不具有比较性，故选择振动3600次。

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表 4 钝化后天然污染土重金属总量

Table 4. Heavy metal content in naturally polluted soil

样品	重金属总量/（mg·kg⁻¹）
天然污染土	铬	铜	铅	锌	镉	镍
天然污染土	582	92	102	641	0.38	85

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表 5 天然污染土TCLP试验结果

Table 5. TCLP results of natural contaminated soil

元素	固化前铬浓度 /（mg·kg⁻¹）	固化后铬浓度/（mg·kg⁻¹）		固化率/%
元素	固化前铬浓度 /（mg·kg⁻¹）	28 d	90 d	28 d	90 d
铬	582	562	520	96.6	89.3
铜	92	88	80	95.7	87.0
铅	102	93	88	91.2	86.3
锌	641	600	560	93.6	87.4
镉	0.38	0.35	0.33	92.1	86.8
镍	85	80	75	94.1	88.2

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