A study of the resonance characteristics of a staggered rock slope under the tri-dimension earthquake wave
-
摘要:
地震引发的共振往往会对边坡造成严重的破坏，直接影响边坡的抗震性能。为研究错距岩质边坡的共振特性，通过有限元软件ANSYS建立三维边坡数值模型，分析错距对边坡固有频率的影响，并使用谐响应分析对坡面各点的共振响应规律及地震作用频率对边坡应力的影响进行探讨。结果表明：（1）在不同错距条件下均有可能出现共振现象，边坡错距越大，基频越小，坡面的水平共振位移大于竖向共振位移，前坡坡面位移峰值较大，发生共振的频率比后坡小；（2）低阶和高阶固有频率被激发都可引发共振，但高阶共振位移相对较小，前坡和后坡坡面水平位移峰值表现为：坡顶>坡中>坡脚，侧坡则是：坡中>坡顶>坡脚，在高频加载条件下，边坡会出现下部动力响应大于上部的现象；（3）坡体共振时发生的破坏主要以坡脚剪切破坏为主，最大剪切应力和最大拉应力出现的位置与加载频率范围有关，前坡更容易遭受破坏，低频地震动对前坡影响较大，而高频地震动则相反。所得结论可为错距边坡进行抗震设防时确定重点加固部位提供参考。
Abstract:The resonance induced by an earthquake often causes more serious damage to the slope and directly affects its seismic performance. To study the resonance characteristics of a staggered rock slope, a 3D numerical model of the slope is established by using the finite element software ANSYS, and the effect of staggered space on the natural frequency of the slope is analyzed. The resonance response laws of different locations on the slope surface and the effect of the earthquake frequency on the stress of the slope are discussed by the harmonic response analysis. The results show that (1) the larger the slope slip distance is, the smaller the fundamental frequency is, and the resonance phenomena may occur under different staggered distances. The horizontal resonance displacement of the slope surface is larger than the vertical one. The front slope has a larger peak displacement and lower resonant frequency compared with those of the back slope. (2) Both the low and high-order natural frequencies can be excited to cause resonance, but the displacement of the high-order resonance is relatively small. The horizontal displacement peak of the front slope and back slope is in the order: top > middle > foot, while that of the side slope is in the order: middle > top > foot. Under high-frequency loading, the dynamic response of the slope at the lower part may be greater than that at the upper part. (3) The shear failure of the slope toe is the main damage in slope resonance. The location of the maximum shear and tensile stress is related to the range of loading frequency. The front slope is more prone to damage. Ground motions with low frequency have a greater influence on the front slope, while high frequency ground motions have the opposite effect. The results can be used as reference to determine the key reinforcement position of a staggered slope in the seismic fortification.
-
Key words:
- seismic action /
- staggered slope /
- slope failure /
- resonance characteristics /
- ANSYS /
- seismic fortification
-
-
表 1 边坡岩体物理力学参数
Table 1. Physical and mechanical parameters of slope rock mass
参数 弹性模量/GPa 泊松比 密度/（kg·m−3） 取值 6.0 0.25 2200 
下载: 导出CSV
-
[1] 钱海涛,张力方,修立伟,等. 中国地震地质灾害的主要类型与分布特征[J]. 水文地质工程地质,2014,41(1):119 − 127. [QIAN Haitao,ZHANG Lifang,XIU Liwei,et al. Types and distribution characteristics of earthquake induced geological disasters in China[J]. Hydrogeology & Engineering Geology,2014,41(1):119 − 127. (in Chinese with English abstract)
[2] 黄润秋. 汶川8.0级地震触发崩滑灾害机制及其地质力学模式[J]. 岩石力学与工程学报,2009,28(6):1239 − 1249. [HUANG Runqiu. Mechanism and geomechanical modes of landslide hazards triggered by Wenchuan 8.0 earthquake[J]. Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2009,28(6):1239 − 1249. (in Chinese with English abstract) doi: 10.3321/j.issn:1000-6915.2009.06.021
[3] 王谦,苏永奇,马占虎,等. 2017年九寨沟Ms7.0地震低烈度区烈度异常特征与启示[J]. 世界地震工程,2018,34(3):153 − 160. [WANG Qian,SU Yongqi,MA Zhanhu,et al. Characteristics and implications of abnormal intensities in the low-intensity regions in the Jiuzhaigou Ms7.0 earthquake,2017[J]. World Earthquake Engineering,2018,34(3):153 − 160. (in Chinese with English abstract)
[4] 吴多华,刘亚群,李海波,等. 地震荷载作用下顺层岩体边坡动力放大效应和破坏机制的振动台试验研究[J]. 岩石力学与工程学报,2020,39(10):1945 − 1956. [WU Duohua,LIU Yaqun,LI Haibo,et al. Shaking table tests on dynamic amplification and failure mechanism of layered rock slopes under seismic actions[J]. Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2020,39(10):1945 − 1956. (in Chinese with English abstract)
[5] 徐光兴,姚令侃,李朝红,等. 边坡地震动力响应规律及地震动参数影响研究[J]. 岩土工程学报,2008,30(6):918 − 923. [XU Guangxing,YAO Lingkan,LI Zhaohong,et al. Dynamic response of slopes under earthquakes and influence of ground motion parameters[J]. Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering,2008,30(6):918 − 923. (in Chinese with English abstract) doi: 10.3321/j.issn:1000-4548.2008.06.022
[6] 杨国香,伍法权,董金玉,等. 地震作用下岩质边坡动力响应特性及变形破坏机制研究[J]. 岩石力学与工程学报,2012,31(4):696 − 702. [YANG Guoxiang,WU Faquan,DONG Jinyu,et al. Study of dynamic response characters and failure mechanism of rock slope under earthquake[J]. Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2012,31(4):696 − 702. (in Chinese with English abstract) doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-6915.2012.04.008
[7] 孙纬宇,严松宏,欧尔峰,等. 黄土边坡自振特性影响因素分析[J]. 铁道科学与工程学报,2018,15(1):64 − 70. [SUN Weiyu,YAN Songhong,OU Erfeng,et al. Analysis of influence factors on natural vibration characteristics of loess slope[J]. Journal of Railway Science and Engineering,2018,15(1):64 − 70. (in Chinese with English abstract) doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1672-7029.2018.01.009
[8] 言志信,张学东,张森,等. 基于双向地震作用下边坡共振特性与固有频率研究[J]. 水文地质工程地质,2011,38(2):46 − 51. [YAN Zhixin,ZHANG Xuedong,ZHANG Sen,et al. Study on resonance characteristics and natural frequency of slope under bi-directional seismic action[J]. Hydrogeology & Engineering Geology,2011,38(2):46 − 51. (in Chinese with English abstract) doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-3665.2011.02.008
[9] 胡聿贤. 地震工程学[M]. 北京: 地震出版社, 2006
HU Yuxian. Earthquake engineering[M]. Beijing: Seismological Press, 2006. （in Chinese）
[10] 郑黎明. 铁路边坡岩体的振动特性和机理[J]. 岩石力学与工程学报,1994,13(1):69 − 78. [ZHENG Liming. Specific vibration property and mechanism of rockmass in railway slopes[J]. Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,1994,13(1):69 − 78. (in Chinese with English abstract)
[11] 张学东,言志信,张森. ANSYS在岩质边坡动力响应分析中的应用[J]. 西北地震学报,2010,32(2):117 − 121. [ZHANG Xuedong,YAN Zhixin,ZHANG Sen. Numerical analysis on dynamic response of rock slope using ANSYS software[J]. Northwestern Seismological Journal,2010,32(2):117 − 121. (in Chinese with English abstract)
[12] 门妮,孙有为,薄景山,等. 地震作用下边坡动力响应及影响因素研究[J]. 世界地震工程,2017,33(3):110 − 120. [MEN Ni,SUN Youwei,BO Jingshan,et al. Study on dynamic response and influence factors of slope under earthquake[J]. World Earthquake Engineering,2017,33(3):110 − 120. (in Chinese with English abstract)
[13] 言志信,郭斌,张学东,等. 黄土边坡动力响应分析[J]. 防灾减灾工程学报,2012,32(5):629 − 635. [YAN Zhixin,GUO Bin,ZHANG Xuedong,et al. Dynamic response analysis of loess slope[J]. Journal of Disaster Prevention and Mitigation Engineering,2012,32(5):629 − 635. (in Chinese with English abstract)
[14] 刘汉东,牛林峰,袁富强,等. 地震波频率对层状岩质边坡动力响应影响的试验研究[J]. 水文地质工程地质,2018,45(2):77 − 83. [LIU Handong,NIU Linfeng,YUAN Fuqiang,et al. Test research on the influence of seismic wave frequency on the dynamic response of a layered rock slope[J]. Hydrogeology & Engineering Geology,2018,45(2):77 − 83. (in Chinese with English abstract)
[15] 王新敏. ANSYS结构动力分析与应用[M]. 北京: 人民交通出版社, 2014
WANG Xinmin. Structural dynamic analysis and application with ANSYS[M]. Beijing: China Communications Press, 2014. （in Chinese）
[16] 中华人民共和国住房和城乡建设部, 国家质量监督检验检疫总局. 建筑抗震设计规范: GB 50011—2010[S]. 北京: 中国建筑工业出版社, 2010
Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development of the People’s Republic of China, General Administration of Quality Supervision, Inspection and Quarantine of the People’s Republic of China. Code for seismic design of buildings: GB 50011—2010[S]. Beijing: China Architecture & Building Press, 2010. （in Chinese）
[17] 郑颖人,叶海林,黄润秋. 地震边坡破坏机制及其破裂面的分析探讨[J]. 岩石力学与工程学报,2009,28(8):1714 − 1723. [ZHENG Yingren,YE Hailin,HUANG Runqiu. Analysis and discussion of failure mechanism and fracture surface of slope under earthquake[J]. Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2009,28(8):1714 − 1723. (in Chinese with English abstract) doi: 10.3321/j.issn:1000-6915.2009.08.024
[18] 毕鹏程,车爱兰,袁刚烈. 基于振动台试验的地震作用下岩质边坡位移演化特征[J]. 中国地质灾害与防治学报,2020,31(3):11 − 19. [BI Pengcheng,CHE Ailan,YUAN Ganglie. Displacement evolution of rock slope under earthquake based on shaking table test[J]. The Chinese Journal of Geological Hazard and Control,2020,31(3):11 − 19. (in Chinese with English abstract)
-
图(7)
表(2)
计量
- 文章访问数: 789
- PDF下载数: 76
- 施引文献: 0