-
摘要:
近50 a，西北干旱内陆河流域经历了历史时期的水土资源过度开发和近期的生态保护修复的不同阶段，对区域地下水和生态环境产生了重要影响，但地下水长期演化规律及其生态效应认识尚不清晰。以新疆孔雀河流域为典型研究区，基于最新地下水监测数据与历史数据对比，分析流域地下水流场时空演化规律以及流域地下水对河岸带胡杨林的影响作用，探讨地下水长期演化的生态效应。结果表明：1971—2021年，孔雀河流域因过量集中开采地下水引起区域地下水流动系统发生根本性变化，地下水水位整体呈下降趋势，流域内累计降幅大于40 m的面积达204.69 km2，累计降幅20～40 m的面积为1735.81 km2，累计降幅5～20 m的面积为1018.56 km2，并形成地下水降落漏斗；生态输水前，中下游河道长时间断流，河岸带地下水水位埋深累计降幅超过10 m，导致河岸带胡杨林退化萎缩，2016年实施生态输水工程以后，埋深逐渐上升2～4 m，上升至胡杨林生长临界水位以上，2014—2018年天然胡杨林植被覆盖率增大17%。本研究有助于认识西北干旱内陆河流域地下水和生态环境演化规律，为类似区域地下水可持续开发利用与生态保护提供科学参考。
Abstract:The arid inland river basins in northwestern China have been experienced various stages of soil and water resources over-exploitation over the past 50 years, as well as ecological protection and restoration in recent years, which has significantly influenced the regional groundwater and ecological environment. However, the long-term evolution of groundwater and its ecological effects remain unclear. In this study, the Kongque River Basin is chosen as a study area, and the spatio-temporal evolution of groundwater flow field is analyzed based on the comparison of recent groundwater monitoring data and historical data. The ecological effects of long-term groundwater evolution are discussed by analyzing the influence of regional groundwater to Populus euphratica in the riparian zone. The results show that from 1971 to 2021, the groundwater flow in the Kongque River Basin has undergone drastic variation due to excessive groundwater exploitation, and the groundwater levels have shown a general downward trend. The total area where the groundwater levels have decreased by more than 40 m is 204.69 km2, as well as 1735.81 and 1018.56 km2 for 20−40 and 5−20 m, and eventually led to the formation of a regional drawdown funnel, which have seriously affected the water consumption of Populus euphratica in the middle and lower reaches. From 1971 to 2016, the regional groundwater level depth in the riparian zone of the Kongque River Basin decreased by more than 10 m, with a degradation and shrinkage of Populus euphratica. After the implementation of the ecological water transport project since 2016, the groundwater level depth has gradually increased by 2−4 m, and reached the critical groundwater level of Populus euphratica. From 2014 to 2018, the regional NDVI increased by 17%, which indicates that the coverage rate of natural vegetation has improved. This study can improve the understanding of evolution patterns in groundwater and ecological environment in arid inland river basins of the northwestern China, and provide scientific references for sustainable development and utilization of groundwater and ecological protection in similar regions.
-
-
表 1 孔雀河流域下游胡杨林分布区NDVI的变化特征（修改自Zhang等[36]）
Table 1. Variation characteristics of NDVI of the Populus euphratica forest in the lower reaches of the Kongque River Basin (modified from Zhang et al.[36])
土地类型 INDVI变化范围 分布区域面积变化率/% 2014年 2016年 2018年 荒漠裸地 INDVI≤0 77.87 75.94 61.41 草地、灌木、低密度胡杨林 0< INDVI≤0.05 19.47 19.73 35.57 中等密度胡杨林 0.05< INDVI≤0.1 2.10 3.21 2.65 高密度胡杨林 0.1< INDVI≤0.2 0.54 1.03 0.35 耕地 INDVI >0.2 0.02 0.09 0.02 
下载: 导出CSV
-
[1] 陈亚宁,李忠勤,徐建华,等. 中国西北干旱区水资源与生态环境变化及保护建议[J]. 中国科学院院刊,2023,38(3):385 − 393. [CHEN Yaning,LI Zhongqin,XU Jianhua,et al. Changes and protection suggestions in water resources and ecological environment in arid region of northwest China[J]. Bulletin of Chinese Academy of Sciences,2023,38(3):385 − 393. (in Chinese with English abstract)
CHEN Yaning, LI Zhongqin, XU Jianhua, et al . Changes and protection suggestions in water resources and ecological environment in arid region of northwest China[J]. Bulletin of Chinese Academy of Sciences,2023 ,38 （3 ）:385 −393 . （in Chinese with English abstract）[2] 刘丹露,王易初. 内蒙古高原东部内流河水系结构与流域特征的关系[J]. 北京大学学报(自然科学版),2021,57(4):699 − 706. [LIU Danlu,WANG Yichu. Relations between structural properties of endorheic rivers and basin characteristics in eastern inner Mongolia Plateau[J]. Acta Scientiarum Naturalium Universitatis Pekinensis,2021,57(4):699 − 706. (in Chinese with English abstract)
LIU Danlu, WANG Yichu . Relations between structural properties of endorheic rivers and basin characteristics in eastern inner Mongolia Plateau[J]. Acta Scientiarum Naturalium Universitatis Pekinensis,2021 ,57 （4 ）:699 −706 . （in Chinese with English abstract）[3] DATRY T,BOULTON A J,BONADA N,et al. Flow intermittence and ecosystem services in rivers of the Anthropocene[J]. Journal of Applied Ecology,2018,55(1):353 − 364. doi: 10.1111/1365-2664.12941
[4] 王平. 西北干旱区间歇性河流与含水层水量交换研究进展与展望[J]. 地理科学进展,2018,37(2):183 − 197. [WANG Ping. Progress and prospect of research on water exchange between intermittent rivers and aquifers in arid regions of northwestern China[J]. Progress in Geography,2018,37(2):183 − 197. (in Chinese with English abstract) doi: 10.18306/dlkxjz.2018.02.002
WANG Ping . Progress and prospect of research on water exchange between intermittent rivers and aquifers in arid regions of northwestern China[J]. Progress in Geography,2018 ,37 （2 ）:183 −197 . （in Chinese with English abstract）[5] SONG Shuhong, NIE Zhenlong, GENG Xinxin, et al. Response of runoff to climate change in the area of runoff yield in upstream Shiyang River Basin, Northwest China: a case study of the Xiying River[J]. Journal of Groundwater Science and Engineering,2023,11(1):89 − 96.
[6] 陈曦,包安明,王新平,等. 塔里木河近期综合治理工程生态成效评估[J]. 中国科学院院刊,2017,32(1):20 − 28. [CHEN Xi,BAO Anming,WANG Xinping,et al. Ecological effect evaluation of comprehensive control project in Tarim River Basin[J]. Bulletin of Chinese Academy of Sciences,2017,32(1):20 − 28. (in Chinese with English abstract)
CHEN Xi, BAO Anming, WANG Xinping, et al . Ecological effect evaluation of comprehensive control project in Tarim River Basin[J]. Bulletin of Chinese Academy of Sciences,2017 ,32 （1 ）:20 −28 . （in Chinese with English abstract）[7] 朱海勇,陈永金,刘加珍. 塔里木河中游水盐梯度下的物种多样性研究[J]. 生态环境学报,2011,20(增刊2):1226 − 1234. [ZHU Haiyong,CHEN Yongjin,LIU Jiazhen. Variations in species diversity with the gradients of depths and quality in groundwater at the middle reaches of Tarim River[J]. Ecology and Environmental Sciences,2011,20(Sup2):1226 − 1234. (in Chinese with English abstract)
ZHU Haiyong, CHEN Yongjin, LIU Jiazhen. Variations in species diversity with the gradients of depths and quality in groundwater at the middle reaches of Tarim River[J]. Ecology and Environmental Sciences, 2011, 20（Sup2）: 1226 − 1234. （in Chinese with English abstract） [8] 邓铭江. 塔里木河下游生态输水及植被恢复遥感监测评价[J]. 冰川冻土,2007,29(3):380 − 386. [DENG Mingjiang. An appraisal of remote-sensing monitoring on vegetation restoration and ecological water-conveying in the lower reaches of Tarim River[J]. Journal of Glaciology and Geocryology,2007,29(3):380 − 386. (in Chinese with English abstract)
DENG Mingjiang . An appraisal of remote-sensing monitoring on vegetation restoration and ecological water-conveying in the lower reaches of Tarim River[J]. Journal of Glaciology and Geocryology,2007 ,29 （3 ）:380 −386 . （in Chinese with English abstract）[9] 张一驰,于静洁,乔茂云,等. 黑河流域生态输水对下游植被变化影响研究[J]. 水利学报,2011,42(7):757 − 765. [ZHANG Yichi,YU Jingjie,QIAO Maoyun,et al. Effects of eco-water transfer on changes of vegetation in the lower Heihe River Basin[J]. Journal of Hydraulic Engineering,2011,42(7):757 − 765. (in Chinese with English abstract)
ZHANG Yichi, YU Jingjie, QIAO Maoyun, et al . Effects of eco-water transfer on changes of vegetation in the lower Heihe River Basin[J]. Journal of Hydraulic Engineering,2011 ,42 （7 ）:757 −765 . （in Chinese with English abstract）[10] 赵军,杨建霞,朱国锋. 生态输水对青土湖周边区域植被覆盖度的影响[J]. 干旱区研究,2018,35(6):1251 − 1261. [ZHAO Jun,YANG Jianxia,ZHU Guofeng. Effect of ecological water conveyance on vegetation coverage in surrounding area of the qingtu lake[J]. Arid Zone Research,2018,35(6):1251 − 1261. (in Chinese with English abstract)
ZHAO Jun, YANG Jianxia, ZHU Guofeng . Effect of ecological water conveyance on vegetation coverage in surrounding area of the qingtu lake[J]. Arid Zone Research,2018 ,35 （6 ）:1251 −1261 . （in Chinese with English abstract）[11] XU Hailiang,YE Mao,SONG Yudong,et al. The natural vegetation responses to the groundwater change resulting from ecological water conveyances to the lower Tarim River[J]. Environmental Monitoring and Assessment,2007,131(1):37 − 48.
[12] YE Zhaoxia,CHEN Yaning,LI Weihong,et al. Effect of the ecological water conveyance project on environment in the Lower Tarim River,Xinjiang,China[J]. Environmental Monitoring and Assessment,2009,149(1):9 − 17.
[13] HAO Xingming,LI Weihong. Impacts of ecological water conveyance on groundwater dynamics and vegetation recovery in the lower reaches of the Tarim River in northwest China[J]. Environmental Monitoring and Assessment,2014,186(11):7605 − 7616. doi: 10.1007/s10661-014-3952-x
[14] HE Zhibin,ZHAO Wenzhi. Characterizing the spatial structures of riparian plant communities in the lower reaches of the Heihe River in China using geostatistical techniques[J]. Ecological Research,2006,21(4):551 − 559. doi: 10.1007/s11284-006-0160-3
[15] ZHANG Shuhua,YE Zhaoxia,CHEN Yaning,et al. Vegetation responses to an ecological water conveyance project in the lower reaches of the Heihe River Basin[J]. Ecohydrology,2017,10(6):e1866. doi: 10.1002/eco.1866
[16] 张波,王开录,李发明. 石羊河流域水资源调度与青土湖生态恢复研究[J]. 甘肃水利水电技术,2017,53(10):9 − 12. [ZHANG Bo,WANG Kailu,LI Faming. Study on water resource scheduling and ecological restoration of Qingtu Lake in Shiyang River Basin[J]. Gansu Water Resources and Hydropower Technology,2017,53(10):9 − 12. (in Chinese)
ZHANG Bo, WANG Kailu, LI Faming . Study on water resource scheduling and ecological restoration of Qingtu Lake in Shiyang River Basin[J]. Gansu Water Resources and Hydropower Technology,2017 ,53 （10 ）:9 −12 . （in Chinese）[17] 胡顺,凌抗,王俊友,等. 西北典型内陆流域地下水与湿地生态系统协同演化机制[J]. 水文地质工程地质,2022,49(5):22 − 31. [HU Shun,LING Kang,WANG Junyou,et al. Co-evolution mechanism of groundwater and wetland ecosystem in a typical inland watershed in northwest China[J]. Hydrogeology & Engineering Geology,2022,49(5):22 − 31. (in Chinese with English abstract)
HU Shun, LING Kang, WANG Junyou, et al . Co-evolution mechanism of groundwater and wetland ecosystem in a typical inland watershed in northwest China[J]. Hydrogeology & Engineering Geology,2022 ,49 （5 ）:22 −31 . （in Chinese with English abstract）[18] 张军峰,孟凡浩,包安明,等. 新疆孔雀河流域人工绿洲近40年土地利用/覆被变化[J]. 中国沙漠,2018,38(3):664 − 672. [ZHANG Junfeng,MENG Fanhao,BAO Anming,et al. LUCC analysis of the upstream of the kongqi river,Xinjiang,China[J]. Journal of Desert Research,2018,38(3):664 − 672. (in Chinese with English abstract)
ZHANG Junfeng, MENG Fanhao, BAO Anming, et al . LUCC analysis of the upstream of the kongqi river, Xinjiang, China[J]. Journal of Desert Research,2018 ,38 （3 ）:664 −672 . （in Chinese with English abstract）[19] WANG Luchen, YU Kun, CHANG Liang, et al. Response of glacier area variation to climate change in the Kaidu-Kongque River Basin during the last 20 years[J]. China Geology,2021,4(3):1 − 14.
[20] 常存,包安明,李均力. 塔里木河四源区耕地时空演变的驱动分析[J]. 干旱区研究,2016,33(2):239 − 245. [CHANG Cun,BAO Anming,LI Junli. Spatiotemporal evolution of cultivated land in the headwaters of the Tarim River[J]. Arid Zone Research,2016,33(2):239 − 245. (in Chinese with English abstract)
CHANG Cun, BAO Anming, LI Junli . Spatiotemporal evolution of cultivated land in the headwaters of the Tarim River[J]. Arid Zone Research,2016 ,33 （2 ）:239 −245 . （in Chinese with English abstract）[21] 王璐晨,韩海辉,张俊,等. 塔里木河流域土地利用及人类活动强度的时空演化特征研究[J/OL]. 中国地质,(2023-05-16) [2023-08-14] https://kns.cnki.net/kcms/detail/11.1167.P.20230515.1716.006.html. [WANG Luchen,HAN Haihui,ZHANG Jun,et al. Research on the response of land use change to human activities in the Tarim River Basin[J/OL]. China Geology, (2023-05-16) [2023-08-14]. (in Chinese with English abstract)
WANG Luchen, HAN Haihui, ZHANG Jun, et al. Research on the response of land use change to human activities in the Tarim River Basin[J/OL]. China Geology, (2023-05-16) [2023-08-14]. （in Chinese with English abstract） [22] 何志刚. 孔雀河下游生态输水现状及修复对策探析[J]. 陕西水利,2019(9):39 − 40. [HE Zhigang. Analysis on the current situation and restoration measures of ecological water transport in the lower reaches of the Peacock River[J]. Shaanxi Water Resources,2019(9):39 − 40. (in Chinese)
HE Zhigang. Analysis on the current situation and restoration measures of ecological water transport in the lower reaches of the Peacock River[J]. Shaanxi Water Resources, 2019（9）: 39 − 40. （in Chinese） [23] 吾买尔江·吾布力,李卫红,朱成刚,等. 新疆孔雀河流域生态退化问题与保护恢复研究[J]. 新疆环境保护,2017,39(1):8 − 12. [Wumaierjiang Wubuli,LI Weihong,ZHU Chenggang,et al. Research on ecological degradation,protection and restoration of Peacock River Basin,Xinjiang[J]. Environmental Protection of Xinjiang,2017,39 (1):8 − 12. (in Chinese with English abstract)
Wumaierjiang Wubuli, LI Weihong, ZHU Chenggang, et al . Research on ecological degradation, protection and restoration of Peacock River Basin, Xinjiang[J]. Environmental Protection of Xinjiang,2017 ,39 （1 ）:8 −12 . （in Chinese with English abstract）[24] 王晓勇,朱立峰,董佳秋,等. 干旱-半干旱区下垫面变化对地下水水位的影响[J]. 西北地质,2019,52(2):227 − 235. [WANG Xiaoyong,ZHU Lifeng,DONG Jiaqiu,et al. Influence of underlying surface change on hydrogeological conditions in arid and semi-arid regions[J]. Northwestern Geology,2019,52(2):227 − 235. (in Chinese with English abstract)
WANG Xiaoyong, ZHU Lifeng, DONG Jiaqiu, et al . Influence of underlying surface change on hydrogeological conditions in arid and semi-arid regions[J]. Northwestern Geology,2019 ,52 （2 ）:227 −235 . （in Chinese with English abstract）[25] 陈亚宁,李卫红,徐海量,等. 塔里木河下游地下水水位对植被的影响[J]. 地理学报,2003,58(4):542 − 549. [CHEN Yaning,LI Weihong,XU Hailiang,et al. The influence of groundwater on vegetation in the lower reaches of Tarim River,China[J]. Acta Geographica Sinica,2003,58(4):542 − 549. (in Chinese with English abstract)
CHEN Yaning, LI Weihong, XU Hailiang, et al . The influence of groundwater on vegetation in the lower reaches of Tarim River, China[J]. Acta Geographica Sinica,2003 ,58 （4 ）:542 −549 . （in Chinese with English abstract）[26] 李卫红,吾买尔江·吾布力,马玉其,等. 基于河—湖—库水系连通的孔雀河生态输水分析[J]. 沙漠与绿洲气象,2019,13(1):130 − 135. [LI Weihong,Wumaierjiang Wubuli,MA Yuqi,et al. Ecological water conveyance project based on river-lake-reservoir connected system in the Kongque River[J]. Desert and Oasis Meteorology,2019,13(1):130 − 135. (in Chinese with English abstract)
LI Weihong, Wumaierjiang Wubuli, MA Yuqi, et al . Ecological water conveyance project based on river-lake-reservoir connected system in the Kongque River[J]. Desert and Oasis Meteorology,2019 ,13 （1 ）:130 −135 . （in Chinese with English abstract）[27] 李肖杨,陈亚宁,刘璐,等. 博斯腾湖流域水资源管理决策支持系统设计与实现[J]. 水资源保护,2020,36(6):53 − 59. [LI Xiaoyang,CHEN Yaning,LIU Lu,et al. Design and implementation of water resources management decision support system in the Bosten Lake Basin[J]. Water Resources Protection,2020,36(6):53 − 59. (in Chinese with English abstract)
LI Xiaoyang, CHEN Yaning, LIU Lu, et al . Design and implementation of water resources management decision support system in the Bosten Lake Basin[J]. Water Resources Protection,2020 ,36 （6 ）:53 −59 . （in Chinese with English abstract）[28] 刘璐,陈亚鹏,李肖杨. 生态输水对孔雀河地下水埋深及植被的影响[J]. 干旱区研究,2021,38(4):901 − 909. [LIU Lu,CHEN Yapeng,LI Xiaoyang. Effect of ecological water conveyance on groundwater depth and vegetation in the Kongque River[J]. Arid Zone Research,2021,38(4):901 − 909. (in Chinese with English abstract)
LIU Lu, CHEN Yapeng, LI Xiaoyang . Effect of ecological water conveyance on groundwater depth and vegetation in the Kongque River[J]. Arid Zone Research,2021 ,38 （4 ）:901 −909 . （in Chinese with English abstract）[29] WANG Luchen,YU Kun,CHANG Liang,et al. Response of glacier area variation to climate change in the Kaidu-Kongque River Basin during the last 20 years[J]. China Geology,2021,4(3):1 − 14.
[30] 库尔勒地区区域水文地质测量报告(1:20万)[R]. 乌鲁木齐:新疆地质局水文地质工程地质大队,1971. [Regional hydrogeological survey report of korla region (1:200,000)[R]. Urumqi:Xinjiang Geological Bureau Hydrogeology and Engineering Geology Brigade,1971. (in Chinese)
Regional hydrogeological survey report of korla region （1: 200, 000）[R]. Urumqi: Xinjiang Geological Bureau Hydrogeology and Engineering Geology Brigade, 1971. （in Chinese） [31] 陈亚宁,陈亚鹏,李卫红,等. 塔里木河下游胡杨脯氨酸累积对地下水水位变化的响应[J]. 科学通报,2003,48(9):958 − 961. [CHEN Yaning,CHEN Yapeng,LI Weihong,et al. Response of proline accumulation of populus euphratica in the lower reaches of Tarim River to the change of groundwater level[J]. Chinese Science Bulletin,2003,48(9):958 − 961. (in Chinese) doi: 10.1360/csb2003-48-9-958
CHEN Yaning, CHEN Yapeng, LI Weihong, et al . Response of proline accumulation of populus euphratica in the lower reaches of Tarim River to the change of groundwater level[J]. Chinese Science Bulletin,2003 ,48 （9 ）:958 −961 . （in Chinese）[32] 刘加珍,陈亚宁,李卫红,等. 荒漠河岸植被的受损过程与受损机理分析[J]. 地理学报,2006,61(9):946 − 956. [LIU Jiazhen,CHEN Yaning,LI Weihong,et al. The process and mechanism of degradation of desert riparian vegetation[J]. Acta Geographica Sinica,2006,61(9):946 − 956. (in Chinese with English abstract)
LIU Jiazhen, CHEN Yaning, LI Weihong, et al . The process and mechanism of degradation of desert riparian vegetation[J]. Acta Geographica Sinica,2006 ,61 （9 ）:946 −956 . （in Chinese with English abstract）[33] 韩路,王海珍,牛建龙,等. 荒漠河岸林胡杨群落特征对地下水水位梯度的响应[J]. 生态学报,2017,37(20):6836 − 6846. [HAN Lu,WANG Haizhen,NIU Jianlong,et al. Response of Populus euphratica communities in a desert riparian forest to the groundwater level gradient in the Tarim Basin[J]. Acta Ecologica Sinica,2017,37 (20):6836 − 6846. (in Chinese with English abstract)
HAN Lu, WANG Haizhen, NIU Jianlong, et al . Response of Populus euphratica communities in a desert riparian forest to the groundwater level gradient in the Tarim Basin[J]. Acta Ecologica Sinica,2017 ,37 （20 ）:6836 −6846 . （in Chinese with English abstract）[34] 叶茂,徐海量,龚君君,等. 不同胸径胡杨径向生长的合理生态水位研究[J]. 地理科学,2011,31(2):172 − 177. [YE Mao,XU Hailiang,GONG Junjun,et al. Rational ecological groundwater level of populus euphraticawith different diameter in lower reaches of Tarim River[J]. Scientia Geographica Sinica,2011,31(2):172 − 177. (in Chinese with English abstract) doi: 10.13249/j.cnki.sgs.2011.02.008
YE Mao, XU Hailiang, GONG Junjun, et al . Rational ecological groundwater level of populus euphraticawith different diameter in lower reaches of Tarim River[J]. Scientia Geographica Sinica,2011 ,31 （2 ）:172 −177 . （in Chinese with English abstract）[35] ZHANG Haoyue,WANG Xusheng,ZHANG Jun,et al. Spatial–temporal variations in vegetation with changing water stress in the Kongqi River Basin,China[J]. Ecohydrology,https://doi.org/10.1002/eco.2546.
[36] 张俊,尹立河,顾小凡,等. 同位素水化学指示的新疆孔雀河流域地下水与地表水关系[J]. 西北地质,2021,54(1):185 − 195. [ZHANG Jun,YIN Lihe,GU Xiaofan,et al. Study on the relationship between groundwater and surface water in Xinjiang Kongque River Basin using isotopes and hydrochemistry method[J]. Northwestern Geology,2021,54(1):185 − 195. (in Chinese with English abstract) doi: 10.19751/j.cnki.61-1149/p.2021.01.016
ZHANG Jun, YIN Lihe, GU Xiaofan, et al . Study on the relationship between groundwater and surface water in Xinjiang Kongque River Basin using isotopes and hydrochemistry method[J]. Northwestern Geology,2021 ,54 （1 ）:185 −195 . （in Chinese with English abstract）[37] 何玉春,魏光辉. 孔雀河流域胡杨林区生态输水效益评估[J]. 地下水,2022,44(5):119 − 122. [HE Yuchun,WEI Guanghui. Evaluation of ecological water conveying benefit in the Populus euphratica forest area in the Peacock River Basin[J]. Ground Water,2022,44(5):119 − 122. (in Chinese with English abstract)
HE Yuchun, WEI Guanghui . Evaluation of ecological water conveying benefit in the Populus euphratica forest area in the Peacock River Basin[J]. Ground Water,2022 ,44 （5 ）:119 −122 . （in Chinese with English abstract）[38] 马建新,吾买尔江·吾布力,黄湘,等. 孔雀河应急输水后的地下水响应研究[J]. 新疆环境保护,2017,39(1):13 − 17. [MA Jianxin,Wumaierjiang Wubuli,HUANG Xiang,et al. Research on groundwater responses after emergency water conveyance of peacock river[J]. Environmental Protection of Xinjiang,2017,39(1):13 − 17. (in Chinese with English abstract) doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1008-2301.2017.01.003
MA Jianxin, Wumaierjiang Wubuli, HUANG Xiang, et al . Research on groundwater responses after emergency water conveyance of peacock river[J]. Environmental Protection of Xinjiang,2017 ,39 （1 ）:13 −17 . （in Chinese with English abstract） -
图(8)
表(1)
计量
- 文章访问数: 865
- PDF下载数: 24
- 施引文献: 0