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摘要:
湖泊是重要的陆地生态系统碳汇。目前我国大部分湖泊碳埋藏研究仅考虑有机碳埋藏，多忽略无机碳埋藏，这会导致湖泊总碳埋藏能力被低估，该情况在湿润的东部平原区尤为显著。为了全面了解东部平原湖泊碳埋藏特征，更加合理地评估有机碳埋藏和无机碳埋藏对总碳埋藏的贡献，以东部平原区的代表性湖泊洪泽湖为研究对象，在210Pb-137Cs年代序列基础上，结合沉积物中的C/N、碳同位素特征等，对洪泽湖典型岩心(编号HZH-12) 以及其他12个表层沉积物中的有机碳、无机碳时空变化进行分析，探究了近60 a来洪泽湖沉积物的碳埋藏特征。结果表明：（1）C/N和δ13C显示内源有机碳是洪泽湖的主要有机碳来源；过去60 a有机碳和无机碳埋藏速率具有明显协同变化特征（R2=0.76，p<0.001），意味着无机碳可能源自浮游藻类光合作用导致的次生碳酸盐沉积。（2）有机碳和无机碳对比结果显示，洪泽湖无机碳含量（1.09%）明显高于有机碳（0.61%）；无机碳埋藏速率为34.27 g/(m2·a)，要远高于25.27 g/(m2·a)的有机碳埋藏速率。总的来说，洪泽湖有机碳在总碳埋藏中占比为42.4%，而无机碳在总碳埋藏中占比高达57.6%，这意味着忽略无机碳埋藏可能导致东部平原湖泊碳埋藏能力被极大低估。未来该区域的湖泊碳埋藏研究需要兼顾有机碳和无机碳埋藏。
Abstract:Lakes are important carbon sinks in terrestrial ecosystems. Currently, most of lake carbon burial research in China only considers organic carbon burial and has neglected inorganic carbon burial, which will lead to an underestimation of the total carbon burial capacity of lakes. This situation is particularly significant in the humid eastern plain region. In order to comprehensively understand the carbon burial characteristics of lakes in the eastern plain and evaluate the contributions of organic and inorganic carbon burial to total carbon burial more reasonably. This research chooses Hongze Lake as study site, which is a representative lake in the eastern plain region. Based on the 210Pb-137Cs chronological sequence, combined with the C/N and δ13C characteristics in sediments, the carbon burial characteristics of Hongze Lake sediments in the past 60 years were explored by analyzing the spatiotemporal changes of organic and inorganic carbon content in typical rock cores (numbered HZH-12) and 11 other surface sediments. C/N and δ13C shows that endogenous organic carbon is the main source of organic carbon inHongze Lake . The significant synergistic changes in the accumulation rates of organic and inorganic carbon over the past 60 years (R2=0.76, p<0.001) indicate that inorganic carbon may be derived from secondary carbonate deposition caused by the photosynthesis of planktonic algae. Results show that the inorganic carbon content (1.09%) is significantly higher than organic carbon content (0.61%). The accumulation rate of inorganic carbon is 34.27 g/(m2·a), which is significantly higher than that of organic carbon with a value of 25.27 g/(m2·a), too. In general, organic carbon accounts for 42.4% of total carbon burial, while inorganic carbon accounts for up to 57.6% of total carbon burial. This means that ignoring the burial of inorganic carbon may lead to a significant underestimation of the carbon burial capacity of lakes in the eastern plain. And for the lake carbon burial study in this region, it is necessary to consider both organic and inorganic carbon burial in the future.
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Key words:
- carbon burial /
- organic carbon /
- inorganic carbon /
- Hongze Lake
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表 1 洪泽湖内部及几条主要河流入湖、出湖口的水化学指标
Table 1. Water chemical indexes of Hongze Lake and inflow, outlet of several main rivers
水样点 总碱度
/（mg·L−1）pH值 Ca2+浓度
/（mmol·L−1）HCO3−浓度
/（mmol·L−1）饱和系数（不同温度） 5 °C 10 °C 15 °C 20 °C 25 °C 淮河 136.7 7.05 2.14 2.73 0.22 0.27 0.31 0.37 0.44 维桥河 185.5 7.26 3.14 3.71 0.51 0.61 0.72 0.85 1.02 新汴河 214.3 7.47 1.94 4.28 0.66 0.79 0.93 1.10 1.32 怀洪新河 200.2 7.21 2.00 4.00 0.35 0.42 0.49 0.58 0.70 徐洪河 161.6 7.18 2.18 3.23 0.31 0.38 0.44 0.52 0.63 老汴河 166.5 7.12 1.96 3.33 0.27 0.32 0.38 0.44 0.53 二河 110.4 7.07 1.81 2.21 0.17 0.21 0.24 0.28 0.34 三河 122.7 7.15 1.93 2.45 0.24 0.28 0.33 0.39 0.47 HZH-1 127.4 7.66 1.93 2.55 0.76 0.91 1.07 1.26 1.51 HZH-2 124.5 7.32 1.93 2.49 0.35 0.43 0.50 0.59 0.71 HZH-3 119.6 7.13 1.92 2.39 0.22 0.26 0.31 0.36 0.44 HZH-4 124.5 7.11 1.92 2.49 0.21 0.25 0.30 0.35 0.42 HZH-5 137.2 7.44 1.96 2.74 0.48 0.57 0.67 0.79 0.95 HZH-6 136.7 7.12 1.96 2.73 0.23 0.28 0.33 0.38 0.46 HZH-7 130.8 7.6 1.85 2.61 0.64 0.77 0.91 1.06 1.28 HZH-8 129.4 7.17 1.91 2.59 0.24 0.29 0.34 0.41 0.49 HZH-9 122.5 7.65 1.84 2.45 0.68 0.82 0.96 1.31 1.36 HZH-10 156.7 7.21 2.19 3.13 0.33 0.40 0.47 0.55 0.66 HZH-11 151.3 7.60 2.14 3.02 0.77 0.93 1.09 1.28 1.54 HZH-13 146.5 7.60 2.11 2.93 0.74 0.89 1.05 1.23 1.48 
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