Multi-wave joint detection of unfavorable geological bodies in coal mining face
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摘要:
影响岳南煤矿工作面回采速度的主要因素为煤层上方灰岩富水区域和内部地质隐伏构造。通过采用瞬变电磁法、无线电波透视、槽波地震多种物探方法可以对回采工作面进行透明化探测。探测过程中发现：瞬变电磁法二次波场接收到的感应电压对富水低阻区域较为敏感；观测无线电波透视发射、接收的能量衰减可识别煤层变化区域横向情况；槽波地震的包络振幅、频谱分析与频散曲线综合分析成像，对判别断层走向有良好效果。通过多波场中感应因子对异常区域综合响应特征的识别，并依据多源波场圈定的异常区域进行平面图叠加和综合显现，可有效识别工作面顶板富水区域与煤层内部构造区域的关联情况，清晰判断导水通道情况。试验结果表明，多种物探方法可探明回采工作面内部异常区域并提前预测预报，对今后类似地质条件的探测提供了借鉴依据。
Abstract:The main factors restricting the mining speed of the working face in Yuenan Coal Mine are the water-rich area of limestone above the coal seam and the internal geological concealed structure. The transparent detection of the working face is carried out by using transient electromagnetic method, radio wave perspective and slot wave seismic geophysical methods. In the process of detection, it is found that the induced voltage received by the secondary wave field of transient electromagnetic method is more sensitive to the area of rich water and low resistance, and the lateral situation of coal seam can be identified by observing the energy attenuation emitted and received by radio wave perspective. The integrated analysis of envelope amplitude, spectrum and dispersion curve of in-seam wave seismic imaging has good effect on identifying fault strike. Through the identification of the comprehensive response characteristics of the abnormal region by the induction factor in the multi-wave field, the plane map is superimposed according to the abnormal area delineated by the multi-source wave field, and a variety of abnormal characteristics are shown synthetically, which can effectively identify the correlation between the water-rich area of the roof of the working face and the internal structural area of the coal seam, and clearly judge the existence of the water channel. The test results show that the geophysical method can find out the internal abnormal area of the mining face and predict in advance, and the combined detection of various geophysical methods can provide a reference basis for similar geological conditions in the future.
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表 1 物探异常推断分析表
Table 1. Geophysical anomaly inference analysis
物探方法 异常区域/m 异常推断 导水程度 回采影响 瞬变电磁 0～100 富水区域 弱 一般 500～650 富水区域 强 重大 650～800 富水区域 弱 一般 无线电波 0～80 煤层变化 弱 较大 350～650 地质构造 强 重大 槽波地震 300 地质构造 弱 较大 420～650 地质构造 强 重大 700 地质构造 弱 较大 
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