Analysis of the control effect of faults on material sources of debris flows in the red bed region of eastern Tibet: A case study of Waqu middle reaches in Gongjue County, Tibet
-
摘要:
哇曲为金沙江二级支流，位于藏东昌都红层地区贡觉县，流域中游为高山峡谷区，是县域内典型的降雨型泥石流集中发育区。该区泥石流在发育密度、规模、活动性等特征上均高于全县平均水平，且泥石流的发育表现出了与断裂的强烈相关性。基于现场调查，结合无人机航空摄影对哇曲流域泥石流发育特征和主要影响因素进行了探讨分析，得到以下结论：（1）哇曲中游集中发育19条小—中型降雨型泥石流，发育密度0.84条/km，远高于全县0.009条/km2的平均水平；左岸泥石流在发育密度、流域面积、主沟长度、堆积体积等特征上均高于（大于）右岸，左右岸泥石流呈明显差异分布。（2）哇曲中游右岸泥石流物源以风化碎屑类物源为主，呈全沟域分布；左岸泥石流以崩滑物源和风化碎屑为主，集中分区在沟谷中上游，总量较右岸大，其中断层破碎带内物源量占比大，成为左岸泥石流的主要物源。（3）断裂是影响哇曲中游泥石流集中发育且呈现差异分布的最主要因素，主要体现在对物源条件的控制上。（4）断裂以改变岩体结构、控制地层分布、改变微地貌和地下水条件等方式控制泥石流物源条件，导致两岸泥石流物源形成速率和物源量明显不同，成为泥石流差异分布的根本原因。
Abstract:Waqu, a second-order tributary of the Jinsha River, is located in Gongjue County within the red bed region of Changdu, eastern Tibet. The middle reaches of the basin form a high-mountain canyon zone, serving as a distinctive locus of concentrated rainfall-induced debris flow development area in the county. The density, scale, and activity of debris flow in this area surpass the county’s average level, and the debris flows show a strong correlation with fault structures. Based on field investigation and UAV aerial photography, this paper discusses and scrutinizes the developmental characteristics and principal influencing factors of debris flow within Waqu basin. The findings are as follows: (1) 19 small to medium-scale rainfall-induced debris flows are intensively developed in the middle reaches of the Waqu River, with a development density of 0.84 flows/km, significantly higher than the country-wide average of 0.009 flows/km2. Debris flow on the left bank are characterized by higher development density, drainage area, main channel length, and deposition volume compared to those on the right bank, showing distinct differences in distribution. (2) Debris flow sources on the right bank of the middle reaches are primarily composed of weathered detrital material, distributed throughout the entire watershed. On the left bank, debris flows are dominated by rockslide debris and weathered detrital material, primarily concentrated in the upper and middle reaches of the valley, with a larger overall volume compared to the right bank. The proportion of debris flow sources within the fractured zone of the fault is significant, making it a primary source for debris flows on the left bank. (3) Fault structures are the most significant factor influencing the concentrated development and distinct distribution of debris flows in the middle reaches of the Waqu river, primarily in controlling source conditions. (4) Faults control debris flow source conditions by altering rock mass structure, controlling stratum distribution, modifying microtopography, and changing groundwater conditions, leading to significant differences in source formation rates and volumes between the two banks, which is the fundamental cause of the differential distribution of debris flows.
-
-
表 1 哇曲中游泥石流特征参数
Table 1. Characteristic parameters of debris flows in the middle reaches of Waqu River
编号 岸别 流域
面积/km2主沟
长度/km流域
高差/m主沟
纵比降/‰累计堆积
体积/m301 左岸 2.06 1.77 760 191 8 492 02 左岸 0.78 1.49 688 247 6 461 03 左岸 2.51 2.10 716 193 48 550 04 左岸 0.79 1.28 628 309 38 922 05 左岸 1.51 1.96 597 212 86 558 06 左岸 0.71 1.54 579 297 3 454 07 左岸 1.85 1.93 653 225 23 717 08 左岸 0.54 1.52 675 355 7 778 09 左岸 0.54 1.48 593 293 6 186 10 左岸 8.50 3.51 722 153 21 259 11 左岸 2.56 3.10 618 142 10 791 12 左岸 0.57 1.06 600 228 31 265 13 右岸 1.01 1.19 596 226 2 430 14 右岸 0.65 1.01 538 290 10 742 15 右岸 0.70 1.25 580 269 4 772 16 右岸 1.34 1.35 589 258 10 823 17 右岸 1.79 1.81 661 169 1 722 18 右岸 1.80 2.93 680 135 39 312 19 右岸 1.19 2.03 503 139 9 687 
下载: 导出CSV
表 2 泥石流物源储量
Table 2. Debris flow source material reserves
编号 岸别 物源体积/m3 破碎带内物源占比/% 01 左岸 171 413 70 02 左岸 116 969 83 03 左岸 227 473 73 04 左岸 91 716 79 05 左岸 130 084 71 06 左岸 92 651 81 07 左岸 140 969 67 08 左岸 34 633 65 09 左岸 36 111 62 10 左岸 440 095 52 11 左岸 64 100 — 12 左岸 17 040 — 13 右岸 61 230 — 14 右岸 38 395 — 15 右岸 41 390 — 16 右岸 79 340 — 17 右岸 89 430 — 18 右岸 86 785 — 19 右岸 59 100 —
下载: 导出CSV
表 3 流域内断层特征参数
Table 3. Characteristic parameters of faults within the watershed
断层编号 性质 走向/（°） 破碎带宽度/m 活动性 JF1 逆冲 320 200 更新世 JF2 逆冲 335 180 更新世 JF3 正断层 330 — 更新世
下载: 导出CSV
-
[1] 余斌,唐川. 泥石流动力特性与活动规律研究[M]. 北京:科学出版社,2016. [YU Bin,TANG Chuan. Dynamic characteristics and activity law of debris flow[M]. Beijing:Science Press,2016. (in Chinese)
YU Bin, TANG Chuan. Dynamic characteristics and activity law of debris flow[M]. Beijing: Science Press, 2016. （in Chinese） [2] 陈宁生,田树峰,张勇,等. 泥石流灾害的物源控制与高性能减灾[J]. 地学前缘,2021,28(4):337 − 348. [CHEN Ningsheng,TIAN Shufeng,ZHANG Yong,et al. Soil mass domination in debris-flow disasters and strategy for hazard mitigation[J]. Earth Science Frontiers,2021,28(4):337 − 348. (in Chinese with English abstract)
CHEN Ningsheng, TIAN Shufeng, ZHANG Yong, et al . Soil mass domination in debris-flow disasters and strategy for hazard mitigation［J］. Earth Science Frontiers,2021 ,28 （4 ）:337 −348 . （in Chinese with English abstract）[3] 唐永仪. 新构造运动在陇南滑坡泥石流形成中的作用[J]. 兰州大学学报,1992,28(4):152 − 160. [TANG Yongyi. The effect of neotectonic movement on formations of landslide and debris flow in southern Gansu[J]. Journal of Lanzhou University (Natural Science Edition),1992,28(4):152 − 160. (in Chinese with English abstract)
TANG Yongyi . The effect of neotectonic movement on formations of landslide and debris flow in southern Gansu［J］. Journal of Lanzhou University （Natural Science Edition）,1992 ,28 （4 ）:152 −160 . （in Chinese with English abstract）[4] 黄润秋,李为乐. 汶川大地震触发地质灾害的断层效应分析[J]. 工程地质学报,2009,17(1):19 − 28. [HUANG Runqiu,LI Weile. Fault effect analysis of geo-hazard triggered by Wenchuan earthquake[J]. Journal of Engineering Geology,2009,17(1):19 − 28. (in Chinese with English abstract) doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1004-9665.2009.01.003
HUANG Runqiu, LI Weile . Fault effect analysis of geo-hazard triggered by Wenchuan earthquake［J］. Journal of Engineering Geology,2009 ,17 （1 ）:19 −28 . （in Chinese with English abstract）[5] 黄润秋,李为乐. “5·12”汶川大地震触发地质灾害的发育分布规律研究[J]. 岩石力学与工程学报,2008,27(12):2585 − 2592. [HUANG Runqiu,LI Weile. Research on development and distribution rules of geohazards induced by Wenchuan earthquake on 12th May,2008[J]. Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2008,27(12):2585 − 2592. (in Chinese with English abstract) doi: 10.3321/j.issn:1000-6915.2008.12.028
HUANG Runqiu, LI Weile . Research on development and distribution rules of geohazards induced by Wenchuan earthquake on 12th May, 2008［J］. Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2008 ,27 （12 ）:2585 −2592 . （in Chinese with English abstract）[6] LIU Hongjiang,LAN Hengxing,LIU Yi,et al. Characteristics of spatial distribution of debris flow and the effect of their sediment yield in main downstream of Jinsha River,China[J]. Environmental Earth Sciences,2011,64(6):1653 − 1666. doi: 10.1007/s12665-009-0409-6
[7] 张永双,郭长宝,姚鑫,等. 青藏高原东缘活动断裂地质灾害效应研究[J]. 地球学报,2016,37(3):277 − 286. [ZHANG Yongshuang,GUO Changbao,YAO Xin,et al. Research on the geohazard effect of active fault on the eastern margin of the Tibetan Plateau[J]. Acta Geoscientica Sinica,2016,37(3):277 − 286. (in Chinese with English abstract)
ZHANG Yongshuang, GUO Changbao, YAO Xin, et al . Research on the geohazard effect of active fault on the eastern margin of the Tibetan Plateau［J］. Acta Geoscientica Sinica,2016 ,37 （3 ）:277 −286 . （in Chinese with English abstract）[8] 石建军,李保珠,李鹏,等. 元谋大断裂对东山地区泥石流发育的控制作用[J]. 水土保持通报,2017,37(4):58 − 62. [SHI Jianjun,LI Baozhu,LI Peng,et al. Controlling effect of Yuanmou major fracture on debris flow development in Dongshan area[J]. Bulletin of Soil and Water Conservation,2017,37(4):58 − 62. (in Chinese with English abstract)
SHI Jianjun, LI Baozhu, LI Peng, et al . Controlling effect of Yuanmou major fracture on debris flow development in Dongshan area［J］. Bulletin of Soil and Water Conservation,2017 ,37 （4 ）:58 −62 . （in Chinese with English abstract）[9] 张永双,任三绍,郭长宝,等. 活动断裂带工程地质研究[J]. 地质学报,2019,93(4):763 − 775. [ZHANG Yongshuang,REN Sanshao,GUO Changbao,et al. Research on engineering geology related with active fault zone[J]. Acta Geologica Sinica,2019,93(4):763 − 775. (in Chinese with English abstract)
ZHANG Yongshuang, REN Sanshao, GUO Changbao, et al . Research on engineering geology related with active fault zone［J］. Acta Geologica Sinica,2019 ,93 （4 ）:763 −775 . （in Chinese with English abstract）[10] ZOU Yu,QI Shengwen,GUO Songfeng,et al. Factors controlling the spatial distribution of coseismic landslides triggered by the Mw 6.1 Ludian earthquake in China[J]. Engineering Geology,2022,296:106477. doi: 10.1016/j.enggeo.2021.106477
[11] 郭剑,李天涛,孙金坤. 安县高川河流域泥石流物源特征及其活动量预测[J]. 水电能源科学,2015,33(7):151 − 155. [GUO Jian,LI Tiantao,SUN Jinkun. Characteristics of debris flow provenance and activity prediction of Gaochuan River Basin in Anxian County[J]. Water Resources and Power,2015,33(7):151 − 155. (in Chinese with English abstract)
GUO Jian, LI Tiantao, SUN Jinkun . Characteristics of debris flow provenance and activity prediction of Gaochuan River Basin in Anxian County［J］. Water Resources and Power,2015 ,33 （7 ）:151 −155 . （in Chinese with English abstract）[12] Ma Chao. The rainstorm conditions triggering debris flows in the mountain regions surrounding Beijing: [C]. Katlenburg-Lindau, The EGU General Assembly 2017, 2017.
[13] 付智勇,龙晶晶,常鸣. 汶川地震前后四川都江堰龙池镇地区泥石流物源分布特征及其演化规律[J]. 中国地质灾害与防治学报,2019,30(6):10 − 19. [FU Zhiyong,LONG Jingjing,CHANG Ming. Distribution characteristics and evolution rules of sediment supply for debris flow occurrence around Longchi Town of Dujiangyan City,Sichuan Province[J]. The Chinese Journal of Geological Hazard and Control,2019,30(6):10 − 19. (in Chinese with English abstract)
FU Zhiyong, LONG Jingjing, CHANG Ming . Distribution characteristics and evolution rules of sediment supply for debris flow occurrence around Longchi Town of Dujiangyan City, Sichuan Province［J］. The Chinese Journal of Geological Hazard and Control,2019 ,30 （6 ）:10 −19 . （in Chinese with English abstract）[14] 王振涛,吴和秋,张明,等. 新疆乌恰县泥石流分布规律与主控因素研究[J]. 人民长江,2020,51(8):44 − 49. [WANG Zhentao,WU Heqiu,ZHANG Ming,et al. Distribution and main controlling factors of debris flows in Wuqia County,Xinjiang Autonomous Region[J]. Yangtze River,2020,51(8):44 − 49. (in Chinese with English abstract)
WANG Zhentao, WU Heqiu, ZHANG Ming, et al . Distribution and main controlling factors of debris flows in Wuqia County, Xinjiang Autonomous Region［J］. Yangtze River,2020 ,51 （8 ）:44 −49 . （in Chinese with English abstract）[15] 秦宇龙,吴建亮,詹涵钰,等. 川西甘孜地区活动断裂与地质灾害分布相关性探讨[J]. 地质力学学报,2021,27(3):463 − 474. [QIN Yulong,WU Jianliang,ZHAN Hanyu,et al. Discussion on the correlation between active faults and geological disasters in Ganzi area of western Sichuan[J]. Journal of Geomechanics,2021,27(3):463 − 474. (in Chinese with English abstract) doi: 10.12090/j.issn.1006-6616.2021.27.03.042
QIN Yulong, WU Jianliang, ZHAN Hanyu, et al . Discussion on the correlation between active faults and geological disasters in Ganzi area of western Sichuan［J］. Journal of Geomechanics,2021 ,27 （3 ）:463 −474 . （in Chinese with English abstract）[16] 李光辉,铁永波,白永建,等. 则木河断裂带(普格段)地质灾害发育规律及易发性评价[J]. 中国地质灾害与防治学报,2022,33(3):123 − 133. [LI Guanghui,TIE Yongbo,BAI Yongjian,et al. Distribution and susceptibility assessment of geological hazards in Zemuhe fault zone(Puge section)[J]. The Chinese Journal of Geological Hazard and Control,2022,33(3):123 − 133. (in Chinese with English abstract)
LI Guanghui, TIE Yongbo, BAI Yongjian, et al . Distribution and susceptibility assessment of geological hazards in Zemuhe fault zone（Puge section）［J］. The Chinese Journal of Geological Hazard and Control,2022 ,33 （3 ）:123 −133 . （in Chinese with English abstract）[17] 顾文韬,裴向军,裴钻,等. 极震区震后泥石流物源特征研究[J]. 自然灾害学报,2015,24(2):107 − 114. [GU Wentao,PEI Xiangjun,PEI Zuan,et al. Research on post-seismic provenance features of debris flows in meizoseismal area[J]. Journal of Natural Disasters,2015,24(2):107 − 114. (in Chinese with English abstract)
GU Wentao, PEI Xiangjun, PEI Zuan, et al . Research on post-seismic provenance features of debris flows in meizoseismal area［J］. Journal of Natural Disasters,2015 ,24 （2 ）:107 −114 . （in Chinese with English abstract）[18] 常鸣,唐川,李为乐,等. 汶川地震区绵远河流域泥石流形成区的崩塌滑坡特征[J]. 山地学报,2012,30(5):561 − 569. [CHANG Ming,TANG Chuan,LI Weile,et al. The characteristic of collapse and landslide by Wenchuan earthquake in debris flow for mative region along the Mianyuan River Basin,China[J]. Journal of Mountain Science,2012,30(5):561 − 569. (in Chinese with English abstract)
CHANG Ming, TANG Chuan, LI Weile, et al . The characteristic of collapse and landslide by Wenchuan earthquake in debris flow for mative region along the Mianyuan River Basin, China［J］. Journal of Mountain Science,2012 ,30 （5 ）:561 −569 . （in Chinese with English abstract）[19] 刘美,陈宁生,赵春瑶. 断裂构造对金沙江巧家至蒙姑段泥石流发育影响研究[J]. 自然灾害学报,2018,27(3):136 − 143. [LIU Mei,CHEN Ningsheng,ZHAO Chunyao. Influence of fault structure on debris flow in Qiaojia and Menggu section of the Jinsha River[J]. Journal of Natural Disasters,2018,27(3):136 − 143. (in Chinese with English abstract)
LIU Mei, CHEN Ningsheng, ZHAO Chunyao . Influence of fault structure on debris flow in Qiaojia and Menggu section of the Jinsha River［J］. Journal of Natural Disasters,2018 ,27 （3 ）:136 −143 . （in Chinese with English abstract）[20] 苏琦,梁明剑,袁道阳,等. 白龙江流域构造地貌特征及其对滑坡泥石流灾害的控制作用[J]. 地球科学,2016,41(10):1758 − 1770. [SU Qi,LIANG Mingjian,YUAN Daoyang,et al. Geomorphic features of the Bailongjiang River drainage basin and its relationship with geological disaster[J]. Earth Science,2016,41(10):1758 − 1770. (in Chinese with English abstract)
SU Qi, LIANG Mingjian, YUAN Daoyang, et al . Geomorphic features of the Bailongjiang River drainage basin and its relationship with geological disaster［J］. Earth Science,2016 ,41 （10 ）:1758 −1770 . （in Chinese with English abstract）[21] 高延超,陈宁生,葛华,等. 康定市子耳沟泥石流的物源特征与危险区划[J]. 水土保持研究,2018,25(6):403 − 407. [GAO Yanchao,CHEN Ningsheng,GE Hua,et al. Source characteristic and risk zoning of debris flow in Zier watershed of Kangding City[J]. Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2018,25(6):403 − 407. (in Chinese with English abstract)
GAO Yanchao, CHEN Ningsheng, GE Hua, et al . Source characteristic and risk zoning of debris flow in Zier watershed of Kangding City［J］. Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2018 ,25 （6 ）:403 −407 . （in Chinese with English abstract）[22] 孙聿卿. 川藏公路北线泥石流风险评价[D]. 绵阳:西南科技大学,2021. [SUN Yuqing. Risk assessment of debris flow in the northern line of Sichuan-Tibet highway[D]. Mianyang:Southwest University of Science and Technology,2021. (in Chinese with English abstract)
SUN Yuqing. Risk assessment of debris flow in the northern line of Sichuan-Tibet highway[D]. Mianyang: Southwest University of Science and Technology, 2021. （in Chinese with English abstract） [23] ZHOU Hongfu,LIU Bin,YE Fei,et al. Landslide distribution and sliding mode control along the Anninghe fault zone at the eastern edge of the Tibetan Plateau[J]. Journal of Mountain Science,2021,18(8):2094 − 2107. doi: 10.1007/s11629-020-6573-6
[24] 杨强,王高峰,李金柱,等. 白龙江中上游泥石流形成条件与成灾模式探讨[J]. 中国地质灾害与防治学报,2022,33(6):70 − 79. [YANG Qiang,WANG Gaofeng,LI Jinzhu,et al. Discussion on formation conditions and disaster mode of debris flow in the middle and upper reaches of Bailong River[J]. The Chinese Journal of Geological Hazard and Control,2022,33(6):70 − 79. (in Chinese with English abstract)
YANG Qiang, WANG Gaofeng, LI Jinzhu, et al . Discussion on formation conditions and disaster mode of debris flow in the middle and upper reaches of Bailong River［J］. The Chinese Journal of Geological Hazard and Control,2022 ,33 （6 ）:70 −79 . （in Chinese with English abstract）[25] 曹建文,龙昱,陈凌康,等. 贡觉县克西林沟泥石流特征及成因分析[J]. 安徽农业科学,2007,35(25):8065 − 8067. [CAO Jianwen,LONG Yu,CHEN Lingkang,et al. Study on characteristics and causes of debris flow in Kelinxi gully of Gongjue County[J]. Journal of Anhui Agricultural Sciences,2007,35(25):8065 − 8067. (in Chinese with English abstract)
CAO Jianwen, LONG Yu, CHEN Lingkang, et al . Study on characteristics and causes of debris flow in Kelinxi gully of Gongjue County［J］. Journal of Anhui Agricultural Sciences,2007 ,35 （25 ）:8065 −8067 . （in Chinese with English abstract）[26] ZHANG Yongshuang,CHENG Yuliang,YIN Yueping,et al. High-position debris flow:A long-term active geohazard after the Wenchuan earthquake[J]. Engineering Geology,2014,180:45 − 54. doi: 10.1016/j.enggeo.2014.05.014
[27] 李孝攀,李远富,周先虎,等. 川藏铁路康定至昌都段地质灾害区域危险性评价[J]. 铁道标准设计,2017,61(6):58 − 62. [LI Xiaopan,LI Yuanfu,ZHOU Xianhu,et al. Evaluation of regional geological hazards risks on Kangding to Changdu section of Sichuan-Tibet railway[J]. Railway Standard Design,2017,61(6):58 − 62. (in Chinese with English abstract)
LI Xiaopan, LI Yuanfu, ZHOU Xianhu, et al . Evaluation of regional geological hazards risks on Kangding to Changdu section of Sichuan-Tibet railway［J］. Railway Standard Design,2017 ,61 （6 ）:58 −62 . （in Chinese with English abstract）[28] 孙梦宇. 断裂带构造损伤岩体对泥石流物源形成影响研究——以安宁河断裂带为例[D]. 成都:成都理工大学,2020. [SUN Mengyu. Study on the influence of structural damage rock mass in fault zone on the formation of debris flow provenance: A case study of Anninghe fault zone[D]. Chengdu:Chengdu University of Technology,2020. (in Chinese with English abstract)
SUN Mengyu. Study on the influence of structural damage rock mass in fault zone on the formation of debris flow provenance: A case study of Anninghe fault zone［D］. Chengdu: Chengdu University of Technology, 2020. （in Chinese with English abstract） [29] 尹福光,潘桂棠,孙志明. 西南三江构造体系及演化、成因[J]. 沉积与特提斯地质,2021,41(2):265 − 282. [YIN Fuguang,PAN Guitang,SUN Zhiming. Genesis and evolution of the structural systems during the Cenozoic in the Sanjiang orogenic belt,southwest China[J]. Sedimentary Geology and Tethyan Geology,2021,41(2):265 − 282. (in Chinese with English abstract)
YIN Fuguang, PAN Guitang, SUN Zhiming . Genesis and evolution of the structural systems during the Cenozoic in the Sanjiang orogenic belt, southwest China［J］. Sedimentary Geology and Tethyan Geology,2021 ,41 （2 ）:265 −282 . （in Chinese with English abstract）[30] 乔建平,黄栋,杨宗佶,等. 汶川地震极震区泥石流物源动储量统计方法讨论[J]. 中国地质灾害与防治学报,2012,23(2):1 − 6. [QIAO Jianping,HUANG Dong,YANG Zongji,et al. Statistical method on dynamic reserve of debris flow’s source materials in meizoseismal area of Wenchuan earthquake region[J]. The Chinese Journal of Geological Hazard and Control,2012,23(2):1 − 6. (in Chinese with English abstract)
QIAO Jianping, HUANG Dong, YANG Zongji, et al . Statistical method on dynamic reserve of debris flow’s source materials in meizoseismal area of Wenchuan earthquake region［J］. The Chinese Journal of Geological Hazard and Control,2012 ,23 （2 ）:1 −6 . （in Chinese with English abstract）[31] 张佳佳,刘建康,高波,等. 藏东南嘎龙曲冰川泥石流的物源特征及其对扎墨公路的影响[J]. 地质力学学报,2018,24(1):106 − 115. [ZHANG Jiajia,LIU Jiankang,GAO Bo,et al. Characteristics of material sources of galongqu glacial debris flow and the influence to Zhamo road[J]. Journal of Geomechanics,2018,24(1):106 − 115. (in Chinese with English abstract) doi: 10.12090/j.issn.1006-6616.2018.24.01.012
ZHANG Jiajia, LIU Jiankang, GAO Bo, et al . Characteristics of material sources of galongqu glacial debris flow and the influence to Zhamo road［J］. Journal of Geomechanics,2018 ,24 （1 ）:106 −115 . （in Chinese with English abstract）[32] 吴富峣,蒋良文,张广泽,等. 川藏铁路金沙江断裂带北段第四纪活动特征探讨[J]. 高速铁路技术,2019,10(4):23 − 28. [WU Fuyao,JIANG Liangwen,ZHANG Guangze,et al. Discussion on quaternary activity characteristics of northern section of Jinshajiang fault zone along Sichuan-Tibet railway[J]. High Speed Railway Technology,2019,10(4):23 − 28. (in Chinese with English abstract)
WU Fuyao, JIANG Liangwen, ZHANG Guangze, et al . Discussion on quaternary activity characteristics of northern section of Jinshajiang fault zone along Sichuan-Tibet railway［J］. High Speed Railway Technology,2019 ,10 （4 ）:23 −28 . （in Chinese with English abstract）[33] 高孝巧,张达. 逆断层控制构造裂缝发育的力学机制模拟[J]. 地质力学学报,2015,21(1):47 − 55. [GAO Xiaoqiao,ZHANG Da. Numerical simulation of structural fractures controlled by reverse fault[J]. Journal of Geomechanics,2015,21(1):47 − 55. (in Chinese with English abstract)
GAO Xiaoqiao, ZHANG Da . Numerical simulation of structural fractures controlled by reverse fault［J］. Journal of Geomechanics,2015 ,21 （1 ）:47 −55 . （in Chinese with English abstract）[34] 翁剑桥,曾联波,吕文雅,等. 断层附近地应力扰动带宽度及其影响因素[J]. 地质力学学报,2020,26(1):39 − 47. [WENG Jianqiao,ZENG Lianbo,LYU Wenya,et al. Width of stress disturbed zone near fault and its influencing factors[J]. Journal of Geomechanics,2020,26(1):39 − 47. (in Chinese with English abstract)
WENG Jianqiao, ZENG Lianbo, LYU Wenya, et al . Width of stress disturbed zone near fault and its influencing factors［J］. Journal of Geomechanics,2020 ,26 （1 ）:39 −47 . （in Chinese with English abstract）[35] 余斌,褚胜名,朱渊,等. 风化作用对沟谷型泥石流发育环境的影响研究[J]. 水土保持通报,2013,33(6):51 − 56. [YU Bin,CHU Shengming,ZHU Yuan,et al. Impacts of weathering on formation of gullied debris flow[J]. Bulletin of Soil and Water Conservation,2013,33(6):51 − 56. (in Chinese with English abstract)
YU Bin, CHU Shengming, ZHU Yuan, et al . Impacts of weathering on formation of gullied debris flow［J］. Bulletin of Soil and Water Conservation,2013 ,33 （6 ）:51 −56 . （in Chinese with English abstract） -
图(13)
表(3)
计量
- 文章访问数: 695
- PDF下载数: 52
- 施引文献: 0