Landslide identification based on characteristics of retaining wall fractures and rainfall stability analysis：A case study of fill slope in Zheng’an County, Guizhou Province
-
摘要:
滑坡的变形特征以及机理是边坡稳定性分析和边坡破坏预警的关键。正安县芙蓉江镇某填方边坡挡墙在雨季产生了显著变形，挡土墙裂缝发育显著，为确定边坡的安全状态，对边坡的地质以及水文条件进行了调查，对挡墙以及周边地面裂缝特征进行了统计，并通过FLAC3D对非饱和降雨入渗后边坡的稳定性进行了计算。研究结果：（1）挡墙裂缝沿最大主应力的主平面发育，挡墙沿沟槽轴线对称沉降；（2）通过降雨强度为10 mm/d（小雨）和250 mm/d（暴雨）的入渗分析，小雨8 d和雨停后5 d安全系数分别降低14.5%和4.3%，暴雨1 d和雨停后2 d安全系数降幅分别为10%和3.5%；（3）分析了边坡的变形机理，认为填方加载和降雨后土体重度增加导致下滑力增加；降雨导致基质吸力、有效应力降低，而土体的抗剪强度和抗滑力降低；（4）根据挡墙裂缝特征和变形监测结果预测了边坡的主滑方向、几何边界和滑坡分区，后续边坡前沿鼓胀现象说明滑坡判识结果准确。
Abstract:The deformation characteristics and mechanism of landslides are crucial for slope stability and slope failure warning. Significant deformation occurred in the retaining wall of a fill slope in Furongjiang Town, Zheng’an County, during the rainy season, with notable development of soil wall cracks. In order to determine the safety status of the slope, geological and hydrological conditions of the slope were investigated, and the characteristics of the retaining wall and surrounding ground cracks were statistically analyzed. The stability of the slope after unsaturated rainfall infiltration was calculated by FLAC3D. The results are as follows: (1) retaining wall cracks develop along the principal plane of maximum principal stress, and the retaining wall settle symmetrically along the axis of the groove; (2) Through the infiltration analysis of rainfall intensity of 10mm/d (light rain) and 250mm/d (heavy rain), the safety factors of light rain on 8 days and 5 days after rainfall cessation decreased by 14.5% and 4.3%, respectively, and the safety factors of heavy rain on 1 day and 2 days after rainfall cessation decreased by 10% and 3.5%, respectively. (3) The deformation mechanism of the slope was analyzed, indicating that the increase in gravitational force after filling and rainfall led to increased sliding force. Rainfall reduced matric suction and effective stress, resulting in decreased shear strength and sliding resistance of the soil. (4) Based on the characteristics of retaining wall cracks and deformation monitoring results, the main sliding direction, geometric boundaries, and landslide zones of the slope were predicted, and subsequent swelling phenomenon at the forefront of the slope confirmed the accuracy of the landslide identification results.
-
Key words:
- landslide identification /
- FLAC3D /
- rainfall infiltration /
- crack in retaining wall /
- stability analysis
-
-
表 1 岩土体物理力学参数
Table 1. Physical and mechanical parameters of rock-soil mass
岩土名称 重度/（kN·m−3） 弹性模量/MPa 泊松比 黏聚力/kPa 内摩擦角/（°） 孔隙比 饱和渗透系数/（m·s−1） 素填土 22 3 0.2 5 35 1.2 1×10−5 红黏土 19 2 0.19 35 7 1.1 1×10−7 中风化泥灰岩 26 200 0.2 300 35 0.6 1×10−9 挡土墙 26 200 0.2 300 35 0.6 1×10−5 
下载: 导出CSV
表 2 计算工况
Table 2. Calculated working conditions
工况 一般工况 小雨工况 暴雨 降雨强度/（mm·d−1） 0 10 250 降雨持续时间/d — 8 1 流量入渗边界/（m·s−1） — 1.1×10−7 2.8×10−6 压力入渗边界/kPa — 0 0
下载: 导出CSV
-
[1] 孟生勇,江兴元,杨义,等. 降雨诱发堆积体滑坡水土响应与稳定性时空演化试验研究[J]. 水文地质工程地质,2023,50(1):104 − 112. [MENG Shengyong,JIANG Xingyuan,YANG Yi,et al. An experimental study of spatial-temporal evolution of water-soil response and stability of a rainfall-induced accumulation landslide[J]. Hydrogeology & Engineering Geology,2023,50(1):104 − 112. (in Chinese with English abstract)]
MENG Shengyong, JIANG Xingyuan, YANG Yi, et al. An experimental study of spatial-temporal evolution of water-soil response and stability of a rainfall-induced accumulation landslide［J］. Hydrogeology & Engineering Geology, 2023, 50（1）: 104 − 112. （in Chinese with English abstract）
[2] 许源华,谭化川,刘品. 桩墙联合支挡结构在陡坡填方滑坡治理中的应用[J]. 路基工程,2022(5):144 − 149. [XU Yuanhua,TAN Huachuan,LIU Pin. Application of pile-wall combined retaining structure in treatment of steep slope filled landslide[J]. Subgrade Engineering,2022(5):144 − 149. (in Chinese with English abstract)]
XU Yuanhua, TAN Huachuan, LIU Pin. Application of pile-wall combined retaining structure in treatment of steep slope filled landslide［J］. Subgrade Engineering, 2022（5）: 144 − 149. （in Chinese with English abstract）
[3] 周禹熹. 软基填方路堤滑坡的形成机制与影响因素分析——以达陕高速公路某滑坡为例[D]. 成都:成都理工大学,2019. [ZHOU Yuxi. Analysis on the formation mechanism and influencing factors of landslide in soft ground embankment[D]. Chengdu:Chengdu University of Technology,2019. (in Chinese with English abstract)]
ZHOU Yuxi. Analysis on the formation mechanism and influencing factors of landslide in soft ground embankment［D］. Chengdu: Chengdu University of Technology, 2019. （in Chinese with English abstract）
[4] 胡勇生,燕俊松,唐宁. 贵州某拟建机场高填方边坡破坏模式及稳定性分析[J]. 地质灾害与环境保护,2018,29(3):38 − 42. [HU Yongsheng,YAN Junsong,TANG Ning. Failure mode and stability analysis of high fill slope of a proposed airdrome in Guizhou Province[J]. Journal of Geological Hazards and Environment Preservation,2018,29(3):38 − 42. (in Chinese with English abstract)] doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-4362.2018.03.009
HU Yongsheng, YAN Junsong, TANG Ning. Failure mode and stability analysis of high fill slope of a proposed airdrome in Guizhou Province［J］. Journal of Geological Hazards and Environment Preservation, 2018, 29（3）: 38 − 42. （in Chinese with English abstract） doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-4362.2018.03.009
[5] 汪标,易庆林,邓茂林,等. 降雨与库水作用下谭家河滑坡变形响应规律分析[J]. 人民长江,2023,54(4):141 − 149. [WANG Biao,YI Qinglin,DENG Maolin,et al. Analysis on deformation response law of Tanjiahe landslide induced by rainfall and reservoir water[J]. Yangtze River,2023,54(4):141 − 149. (in Chinese with English abstract)]
WANG Biao, YI Qinglin, DENG Maolin, et al. Analysis on deformation response law of Tanjiahe landslide induced by rainfall and reservoir water［J］. Yangtze River, 2023, 54（4）: 141 − 149. （in Chinese with English abstract）
[6] 金德山. 滑坡裂缝的识别与分析[J]. 中国地质灾害与防治学报,2002,13(2):50 − 52. [JIN Deshan. Identification and analysis of landslide fissures[J]. The Chinese Journal of Geological Hazard and Control,2002,13(2):50 − 52. (in Chinese with English abstract)] doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1003-8035.2002.02.011
JIN Deshan. Identification and analysis of landslide fissures［J］. The Chinese Journal of Geological Hazard and Control, 2002, 13（2）: 50 − 52. （in Chinese with English abstract） doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1003-8035.2002.02.011
[7] 杨阳. 黄土滑坡裂缝发育特征及其对滑坡孕灾模式的影响——以泾阳南塬黄土滑坡为例[D]. 西安:长安大学,2016. [YANG Yang. Crack characteristics of loess landslides and its influence on landslides geo-hazard model[D]. Xi’an:Changan University,2016. (in Chinese with English abstract)]
YANG Yang. Crack characteristics of loess landslides and its influence on landslides geo-hazard model［D］. Xi’an: Changan University, 2016. （in Chinese with English abstract）
[8] 陈菲,王塞,高云建,等. 白格滑坡裂缝区演变过程及其发展趋势分析[J]. 工程科学与技术,2020,52(5):71 − 78. [CHEN Fei,WANG Sai,GAO Yunjian,et al. Evolution of the cracking zones at the site of the Baige landslides and their future development[J]. Advanced Engineering Sciences,2020,52(5):71 − 78. (in Chinese with English abstract)]
CHEN Fei, WANG Sai, GAO Yunjian, et al. Evolution of the cracking zones at the site of the Baige landslides and their future development［J］. Advanced Engineering Sciences, 2020, 52（5）: 71 − 78. （in Chinese with English abstract）
[9] 于永堂,郑建国,张继文,等. 黄土高填方场地裂缝的发育特征及分布规律[J]. 中国地质灾害与防治学报,2021,32(4):85 − 92. [YU Yongtang,ZHENG Jianguo,ZHANG Jiwen,et al. Development and distribution characteristics of ground fissures in high loess filled ground[J]. The Chinese Journal of Geological Hazard and Control,2021,32(4):85 − 92. (in Chinese with English abstract)]
YU Yongtang, ZHENG Jianguo, ZHANG Jiwen, et al. Development and distribution characteristics of ground fissures in high loess filled ground［J］. The Chinese Journal of Geological Hazard and Control, 2021, 32（4）: 85 − 92. （in Chinese with English abstract）
[10] 赵建军,余建乐,解明礼,等. 降雨诱发填方路堤边坡变形机制物理模拟研究[J]. 岩土力学,2018,39(8):2933 − 2940. [ZHAO Jianjun,YU Jianle,XIE Mingli,et al. Physical model studies on fill embankment slope deformation mechanism under rainfall condition[J]. Rock and Soil Mechanics,2018,39(8):2933 − 2940. (in Chinese with English abstract)]
ZHAO Jianjun, YU Jianle, XIE Mingli, et al. Physical model studies on fill embankment slope deformation mechanism under rainfall condition［J］. Rock and Soil Mechanics, 2018, 39（8）: 2933 − 2940. （in Chinese with English abstract）
[11] 陈林万,张晓超,裴向军,等. 降雨诱发直线型黄土填方边坡失稳模型试验[J]. 水文地质工程地质,2021,48(6):151 − 160. [CHEN Linwan,ZHANG Xiaochao,PEI Xiangjun,et al. Model test of the linear loess fill slope instability induced by rainfall[J]. Hydrogeology & Engineering Geology,2021,48(6):151 − 160. (in Chinese with English abstract)]
CHEN Linwan, ZHANG Xiaochao, PEI Xiangjun, et al. Model test of the linear loess fill slope instability induced by rainfall［J］. Hydrogeology & Engineering Geology, 2021, 48（6）: 151 − 160. （in Chinese with English abstract）
[12] 王青友. 基于FLAC3D二次开发降雨入渗诱发非饱和黄土边坡破坏规律数值模拟研究[D]. 石家庄铁道大学,2019. [Wang Qingyou. Numerical simulation of failure law of unsaturated loess slope induced by rainfall infiltration in secondary development based on FLAC3D[D]. Shijiazhuang:Shijiazhuang Tiedao University,2019. (in Chinese with English abstract)]
Wang Qingyou. Numerical simulation of failure law of unsaturated loess slope induced by rainfall infiltration in secondary development based on FLAC3D［D］. Shijiazhuang: Shijiazhuang Tiedao University, 2019. （in Chinese with English abstract）
[13] VAN GENUCHTEN M T. A closed-form equation for predicting the hydraulic conductivity of unsaturated soils[J]. Soil Science Society of America Journal,1980,44(5):892 − 898.
[14] 谢强, 田大浪, 刘金辉, 等. 土质边坡的饱和-非饱和渗流分析及特殊应力修正[J]. 岩土力学,2019,40(3):879 − 892. [XIE Qiang, TIAN Dalang, LIU Jinhui, et al. Saturated unsaturated seepage analysis and special stress correction of soil slopes[J]. Geotechnical Mechanics,2019,40(3):879 − 892. (in Chinese with English abstract)]
XIE Qiang, TIAN Dalang, LIU Jinhui, et al. Saturated unsaturated seepage analysis and special stress correction of soil slopes［J］. Geotechnical Mechanics, 2019, 40（3）: 879 − 892. （in Chinese with English abstract）
-
图(13)
表(2)
计量
- 文章访问数: 25
- PDF下载数: 4
- 施引文献: 0