Stability analysis of geosynthetic-reinforced soil bridge abutments under extreme rainfall conditions
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摘要:
土工合成材料加筋土桥台因其造价低廉、施工便捷和绿色低碳的特点，在道路交通工程中具有广泛的应用潜力。然而，近年来极端降雨事件频发，对桥台的变形与稳定性造成了显著影响。采用模型试验与数值模拟相结合的方法，系统分析了极端降雨条件下桥台在交通荷载作用下的力学行为。研究表明，基于DBLEAVES-X建立的数值计算模型能够准确模拟降雨入渗条件下桥台的力学响应，验证了其在非饱和土力学分析中的可靠性。参数分析结果显示，降雨强度和填料渗透系数对桥台的稳定性具有显著影响。采用渗透系数为1.0×10−2 cm/s的高渗透性填料可以显著增强桥台的抗降雨稳定性，即使在200 mm/h的极端降雨条件下，桥台的稳定性仍接近未降雨工况。当填料渗透系数为1.0×10−3 cm/s或1.0×10−4 cm/s时，降雨可能导致孔隙水压力迅速积累，引发土体膨胀变形，显著加剧桥台的变形和失稳风险。因此，在实际工程设计中，应优先选用渗透性能良好的填料，优化排水系统设计，并采取针对性防护措施，以提高桥台在复杂环境条件下的长期稳定性和安全性。
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关键词:
- 土工合成材料加筋土桥台 /
- 极端降雨 /
- 交通荷载 /
- 渗透系数 /
- 稳定性分析
Abstract:Geosynthetic-reinforced soil (GRS) abutments have demonstrated significant potential in road and transportation engineering due to their cost-effectiveness, ease of construction, and eco-friendly characteristics. However, the increasing frequency of extreme rainfall events in recent years has significantly impacted on the deformation and stability of these structures. This study systematically evaluated the performance of GRS abutments under traffic loads and extreme rainfall conditions through model tests and numerical analysis. The findings indicate that the numerical model developed with the DBLEAVES-X program can accurately simulates the mechanical response of GRS abutments under conditions of rainfall infiltration, confirming its reliability in the analysis of unsaturated soil mechanics. Parameter analysis reveals that rainfall intensity and the permeability coefficient of the backfill significantly influence the abutment’s resistance to rainfall. Using high-permeability backfill with a permeability coefficient of 1.0×10−2 cm/s can significantly enhance the abutment’s resistance to rainfall, maintaining stability even under extreme rainfall conditions of 200 mm/h. In contrast, a permeability coefficient of 1.0×10−3 cm/s or 1.0×10−4 cm/s may lead to rapid accumulation of pore water pressure, causing soil swelling deformation and substantially increasing the risk of deformation and instability of the abutment. Therefore, it is advisable in practical engineering design to prioritize high-permeability backfill materials, optimize drainage system designs, and implement specific protective measures to enhance the long-term stability and safety of the GRS abutments under complex environmental conditions.
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Key words:
- GRS abutments /
- extreme rainfall /
- traffic load /
- permeability coefficient /
- stability analysis
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表 1 填料物理力学试验参数
Table 1. Physical mechanical test parameters of backfill
最大干密度
/（g·cm−3）最小干密度
/（g·cm−3）比重 黏聚力
/kPa内摩擦角
/（°）渗透系数
/（cm·s−1）1.768 1.373 2.64 0 45 1.0×10−2 
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表 2 数值计算中各材料力学参数
Table 2. Mechanical parameters of materials used in numerical analysis
材料 参数 取值 填料 压缩指数 0.01 回弹指数 0.001 泊松比 0.3 临界应力比 5.2 正常固结线上的参考孔隙比 0.628 超固结性参数 0.1 结构性参数 1.5 各向异性参数 1 面板 弹性模量 /（kN·m−1） 2.0×102 泊松比 0.3 边坡 弹性模量 /（kN·m−1） 1.6×105 泊松比 0.3 加载板 弹性模量/（kN·m−1） 9.9×109 泊松比 0.3 筋材 弹性模量/（kN·m−1） 500
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表 3 不同渗透系数与降雨强度组合的数值模拟工况设置
Table 3. Numerical simulation settings for different combinations of permeability coefficients and rainfall intensities
工况 渗透系数
/（cm·s−1）降雨强度 /（mm·h-1） 降雨时间
/h降雨总量
/mm工况1 1.0×10−2 0 — — 工况2 2 100 200 工况3 20 10 200 工况4 200 1 200 工况5 1.0×10−3 2 100 200 工况6 20 10 200 工况7 200 1 200 工况8 1.0×10−4 2 100 200 工况9 20 10 200 工况10 200 1 200
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