Surface sediments and their geotechnical characteristics in the development area of deepwater gas field LS17-2
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摘要:
陵水17-2气田位于中国南海琼东南盆地，是中国海油自营勘探发现的第一个深水高产气田，探明储量规模超千亿立方米。在水深200～1600 m区域，采用工程调查船与自主式水下潜器调查结合的方式，进行地球物理资料采集、海底表层取样及钻探取样，并对多波束测深、后向散射强度、侧扫声呐、浅地层剖面、室内测试分析等数据进行综合分析，研究了海底表层沉积物类型、分布规律及工程地质特性。按照海底地形地貌特征，陵水17-2深水气田开发区可划分为陆架区、缓坡区和滑塌区；陆架区表层沉积物以黏土和粉质黏土为主，不同站位物理力学性质差异较大，局部夹砂层；缓坡区和滑塌区具有高含水率、低密度、高孔隙比、高液限、高可塑性、低强度等典型深水沉积特点。区域内海底泥面至泥面之下0.3 m，土质不排水抗剪强度为0～4 kPa，非常有利于海底电缆、海底管道、脐带缆的铺设。缓坡区浅层土质条件非常适合吸力式、防沉板及抓力锚施工，滑塌区浅层土质条件适合防沉板、抓力锚及打入桩基础施工。研究成果将对琼东南盆地深水油气田开发工程的设计和安装施工具有指导意义。
Abstract:The gas field LS17-2, the first deep-water and high-yield gas field discovered independently by CNOOC in the Qiongdongnan Basin, South China Sea, is a large gas field with a proven reserve more than 100 billion cubic meters. Studied in this paper are the geophysical data, such as multi-beam echo sounder data, backscatter strength data, side scan sonar data, and sub-bottom profiler data as well as seabed surface sampling and drilling data, collected by the engineering survey vessels and autonomous underwater vehicles within the development zone of the gas field LS17-2 in the water depth between 200 m and 1600 m. Types, distribution patterns and geotechnical properties of subsurface sediments are described. The bathymetry data suggests that the study area of the development zone of the gas field LS17-2 could be subdivided into three subareas, i.e. the shelf subarea, gentle slope subarea and slumping subarea. The seabed sediments are predominated by clay and silty clay, with sandy deposits in some places. The geotechnical characteristics are quite different in different sampling locations. The geotechnical characteristics of seabed sediments within the gentle slope subarea and slumping subarea are typical deep-water sediments, characterized by high water content, low density, high void ratio, high liquid limit, high plasticity and low strength. The undrained shear strength of the soil layers between seabed and the layer about 0.3 m below seabed varies between 0～4 kPa, and it is conducive to the laying of submarine cables, submarine pipelines and umbilical cables. Soil conditions in the shallow part are suitable for the foundation of suction type, mud mat and grab anchor in the gentle slope subarea, and for the types of mud mat, grab anchor and driven piles in the slumping subarea. The research results are believed useful as a reference to the design and installation of subsea facilities for the coming deep-water oil and gas field development projects in the Qiongdongnan Basin.
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Key words:
- surface sediment /
- backscatter strength /
- sediment types /
- geotechnical characteristics
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表 1 陵水17-2深水气田开发区沉积物物理力学性质汇总
Table 1. A summary of physico-mechanic properties of sediments within LS17-2 deepwater gas field development area
所在区域 土质类型 深度/m 含水量/% 容重/(kN/m3) 碳酸盐含量/% 中值粒径/mm 液限/% 塑性指数/% 不排水抗剪强度/kPa 陆架区
（水深＜250 m）黏土/粉质黏土 0～5.0 30～70 15.5～18.5 7～30 0.006～0.32 30～60 10～30 2～43 缓坡区
（水深＜1000 m）黏土 0～5.0 60～106 14.0～16.5 15～20 0.005～0.01 50～90 22～55 2～9 缓坡区
（水深＞1000 m）黏土 0～1.0 100～120 13.5～14.5 17～29 0.008～0.009 70～110 40～70 1.5～7.5 黏土 1.0～5.0 110～140 13.0～14.0 10～18 0.005～0.009 70～110 30～70 4.0～15.0 MTCs沉积区
（水深＞1000 m）黏土 0～1.0 100～120 13.5～14.5 17～29 0.008～0.009 70～110 40～70 1.5～7.5 1.0～5.0 60～110 13.5～16.3 10～18 0.005～0.009 50～90 20～50 4.0～15.0 浊流体系沉积区
（水深＞1000 m）黏土 0～1.0 100～120 13.5～14.5 17～29 0.008～0.009 70～110 40～70 1.5～7.5 1.0～5.0 70～140 13.0～17.3 7～28 0.005～0.009 70～110 30～70 4.0～15.0 
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