西南印度洋中脊岩石地球化学特征及其岩浆作用研究

孙国洪, 田丽艳, 李小虎, 张汉羽, 陈凌轩, 刘红玲. 西南印度洋中脊岩石地球化学特征及其岩浆作用研究[J]. 海洋地质与第四纪地质, 2021, 41(5): 126-138. doi: 10.16562/j.cnki.0256-1492.2021021701
引用本文: 孙国洪, 田丽艳, 李小虎, 张汉羽, 陈凌轩, 刘红玲. 西南印度洋中脊岩石地球化学特征及其岩浆作用研究[J]. 海洋地质与第四纪地质, 2021, 41(5): 126-138. doi: 10.16562/j.cnki.0256-1492.2021021701
SUN Guohong, TIAN Liyan, LI Xiaohu, ZHANG Hanyu, CHEN Lingxuan, LIU Hongling. A review of studies on the magmatism at Southwest Indian Ridge from petrological and geochemical perspectives[J]. Marine Geology & Quaternary Geology, 2021, 41(5): 126-138. doi: 10.16562/j.cnki.0256-1492.2021021701
Citation: SUN Guohong, TIAN Liyan, LI Xiaohu, ZHANG Hanyu, CHEN Lingxuan, LIU Hongling. A review of studies on the magmatism at Southwest Indian Ridge from petrological and geochemical perspectives[J]. Marine Geology & Quaternary Geology, 2021, 41(5): 126-138. doi: 10.16562/j.cnki.0256-1492.2021021701

西南印度洋中脊岩石地球化学特征及其岩浆作用研究

  • 基金项目: 国家自然科学基金“南海初始洋壳(IODP1502B钻孔)的Li-Mg-O同位素组成:对洋壳蚀变过程中同位素组成和分馏行为的初步研究”(41876044);中国科学院深海科学与工程研究所知识创新工程领域前沿项目“冰岛和雷琼半岛OIB型火山熔岩的地球化学及岩石成因对比研究及其对地球动力学背景的指示”(Y570031QY1)
详细信息
    作者简介: 孙国洪(1995—),男,硕士研究生,主要从事海底岩石学及地球化学研究,E-mail:sungh@idsse.ac.cn
    通讯作者: 田丽艳(1979—),女,博士,副研究员,主要从事海底岩石学及地球化学研究,E-mail:lytian@idsse.ac.cn
  • 中图分类号: P736.4

A review of studies on the magmatism at Southwest Indian Ridge from petrological and geochemical perspectives

More Information
  • 作为超慢速扩张脊的代表,西南印度洋中脊(SWIR)因其独一无二的地形地貌特征、洋壳结构、洋壳增生机制、岩浆和热液活动以及深部动力学过程,近30年来成为国内外研究的热点区域。基于近年来对SWIR玄武岩、辉长岩及橄榄岩的岩石学和地球化学研究成果总结,重点探讨了沿SWIR轴向(大尺度)以及单个洋脊分段(小尺度)的岩石地球化学变化特征及其影响因素,阐述了SWIR的岩浆供应及洋壳增生模式。其中,在9°~16°E斜向扩张脊,以构造作用为主的洋脊扩张模式导致了更宽的洋壳增生带和显著的地球化学异常;而在50°~51°E脊段,发育了强烈的火山活动,其成因机制包括克洛泽热点与洋中脊相互作用、微热点、古老熔融事件的残留地幔再熔融等几种观点。此外,西南印度洋中脊龙旂热液区(~49.7°E)的最新研究表明,其热液循环路径与拆离断层的发育密不可分,热液流体循环最深可达莫霍面以下6 km。因此,在今后的一段时间,应进一步加强SWIR不同空间尺度地幔源区性质、洋中脊构造与岩浆作用过程、热点-洋中脊相互作用和岩浆-热液活动与成矿等主要科学问题的研究。

  • 加载中
  • 图 1  西南印度洋地理位置及地形图

    Figure 1. 

    图 2  西南印度洋中脊玄武岩沿洋脊延伸方向同位素比值变化图

    Figure 2. 

    图 3  ODP 735B孔辉长岩随深度变化剖面

    Figure 3. 

    图 4  西南印度洋中脊橄榄岩和对应的洋中脊玄武岩Nd同位素组成沿洋中脊延伸方向变化特征[48]

    Figure 4. 

    图 5  西南印度洋中脊不同脊段的岩浆供应及地壳增生模式

    Figure 5. 

    表 1  SWIR断裂带全称及其缩写[7]

    Table 1.  The main parameters of fracture zones in SWIR[7]

    断裂名称(缩写) 走向 断距/km 活动时期/MaBP 东经
    Bouvet (BO) NE 65° 240 0~50 1°55′
    Islas Orcadas (IO) NE 65° 100 0~70 6°03′
    Shaka (SH) NE 60° 180 0~70 9°30′
    DuToit (DT) NE 35° 160 0~70 25°25′
    Andrew Bain (AB) NE 40° 720 0~>120 32°18′
    Marion (MA) NE 30° 125 0~>120 33°40′
    Prince Edward (PE) NE 25° 155 0~>120 35°30′
    Eric Simpson (ES) NE 18° 100 0~60 39°20′
    Discovery Ⅰ(D Ⅰ) NE 10° 320 0~60 41°50′
    Discovery Ⅱ(D Ⅱ) NE 10° 320 0~60 42°30′
    Indomed (IN) NE 15° 135 0~60 46°00′
    Gallieni (GA) NE 10° 90 0~60 52°20′
    Atlantis Ⅱ(A Ⅱ) NE 5° 190 0~50 57°00′
    Melville (MEL) NE 5° 125 0~50 60°45′
    下载: 导出CSV

    表 2  SWIR大洋核杂岩分布信息

    Table 2.  Occurrences of oceanic core complexes (OCCs) in SWIR

    名称或位置 全扩张速率/(mm/a) 岩石类型 相关热液区 主要参考文献
    Dragon Flag
    (49°39′E)
    14 玄武岩,蛇纹石化橄榄岩 Dragon Flag Zhao等[34]
    53°E 15 蛇纹石化方辉橄榄岩、辉绿岩、辉长岩 Zhou和Dick[10]
    Atlantis Bank (57°16′E) 14 辉长岩为主,蛇纹石化橄榄岩 Baines等[4]
    FUJI Dome
    (63°45′E)
    14 玄武岩、辉长岩、蛇纹石化方辉橄榄岩 Mont Jourdanne Searle等[5]
    61°12′~65°30′E 14 未采到样品 Cannat等[6]
    下载: 导出CSV
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出版历程
收稿日期:  2021-02-17
修回日期:  2021-06-14
刊出日期:  2021-10-28

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