基于改进的广义S变换的海洋地震资料随机噪音压制

尉佳; 岳龙; 杨睿; 徐清风; 李志强; 刘云

doi:10.16562/j.cnki.0256-1492.2021072801

基于改进的广义S变换的海洋地震资料随机噪音压制

1.
自然资源部天然气水合物重点实验室，青岛海洋地质研究所，青岛 266071

2.
山东省地震局青岛地震台，青岛 266001

基金项目: 中国地质调查局项目（DD20191003）；山东省地震局青年基金项目（JJ1702Y）

详细信息

作者简介: 尉佳（1985—），男，博士，助理研究员，从事海洋地球物理调查与技术方法研究，E-mail：chinwjia@163.com

通讯作者: 徐清风（1969—），男，高级工程师，从事地震数据分析处理，E-mail：845882668@qq.com

中图分类号: P738

收稿日期: 2021-07-28

修回日期: 2021-10-19

录用日期: 2021-10-10

刊出日期: 2022-06-28

Random noise suppression of marine seismic data based on improved generalized S transform

1.
Key Laboratory of Gas Hydrate, Ministry of Natural Resources, Qingdao Institute of Marine Geology, Qingdao 266237, China

2.
Qingdao Seismic Station, Earthquake Administration of Shandong Province, Qingdao 266001, China

More Information

Corresponding author: XU Qingfeng, 845882668@qq.com

Received Date: 28 July 2021

Revised Date: 19 October 2021

Accepted Date: 10 October 2021

Publish Date: 28 June 2022

摘要

摘要:
常规广义S变换采用固定的高斯窗参数，在时频分析时不能够兼顾高低频端的信号，同时标准S逆变换在时频域滤波时会产生滤波噪音。本文提出了基于变频率高斯窗的广义S变换，同时改进了S逆变换公式。该方法不仅提升了信号时频谱的聚焦度，而且还消除了滤波噪音。通过计算包含随机噪声干扰信号的瞬时信噪比阈值，然后根据不同阈值有针对性的选择压制随机噪音的处理策略。合成数据和实际地震数据处理结果表明，该方法能够有效的压制随机噪音，提高地震数据信噪比。
- 改进的广义S变换 /
- 时频域滤波 /
- 随机噪音压制
Abstract:
Conventional generalized S transform (GST) uses fixed parameters for Gaussian window, which makes it impossible to take into account the high and low frequency signals in the time-frequency analysis. At the same time, the standard S inverse transform produces filtering noise when filtering in the time-frequency domain. In this paper, a generalized S transform based on variable frequency Gaussian window is proposed, and the inverse S transform formula is revised. This method not only improves the focus of the frequency spectrum of the signal, but also eliminates the filtering noise. By calculating the instantaneous signal-to-noise ratio threshold value of the signal containing random interference noise, and according to different threshold values, the processing strategy of suppressing the random noise is selected in a targeted manner. The processing results of synthetic data and actual seismic data show that the method can effectively suppress random noise and improve the signal-to-noise ratio of seismic data.
- improved generalized S transform /
- time-frequency filtering /
- random noise suppression

HTML全文

图 1 理想时频谱与不同控制参数的广义S变换的时频谱

Figure 1.

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图 2 合成信号时频谱图

Figure 2.

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图 3 含随机噪声的地震信号时频谱图

Figure 3.

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图 4 标准S逆变换时频滤波效果图

Figure 4.

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图 5 准确滤波结果和不同滤波方法计算的差值

Figure 5.

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图 6 含噪地震记录去噪效果图

Figure 6.

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图 7 单道信号对比图

Figure 7.

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图 8 时频域滤波效果对比

Figure 8.

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图 9 地震叠前单炮剖面

Figure 9.

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图 10 两种方法压制噪声效果对比

Figure 10.

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