Semi-quantitative study on reservoir configuration in grey theory—A case study of H3 sand unit of Huagang Formation in A Structure, Xihu Sag
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摘要:
A构造位于西湖凹陷中北部，花港组H3砂层组为主力目的层，其储层横向分布相对稳定，但储层砂体厚度大，非均质性强，骨架河道的雕刻不清制约了优质储层的预测。利用灰色理论，定量计算西湖凹陷A构造花港组隔夹层综合评价指标IRE，识别厚层砂岩中的隔夹层类型，划分河道期次，识别骨架河道。此外，计算河道宽厚比和砂地比，半定量表征河道连通性及展布特征，预测优质储层发育区。结果表明，西湖凹陷A构造花港组发育两种类型隔夹层：落淤层夹层和泥岩层隔层，其中落淤层IRE值为24～45，泥岩层IRE值为51～110，在H3砂层组识别出3大套共10期单河道砂体。工区单河道宽厚比为38.87，折算出各期河道展布范围为1.1～2.3 km，河道砂体几乎都呈叠拼式展布。在地震复合微相指导下，对花港组早期河道进行识别和追踪，结合沉积微相、粗粒相带及成岩相分布特征，认为A构造南部有利储层更为发育。
Abstract:Using grey theory, we calculated quantitatively the comprehensive evaluation index IRE of the interlayer in Huagang Formation (Fm) of the A Structure in the Xihu Sag, China Sea, from which the type of interlayer in thick-bedded sandstone was identified and the channel period was divided. Combing logging data and lithofacies associations, we clarified the strength of hydrodynamic force, divided the reservoir types, and then defined influencing factors of high-quality reservoir development. In addition, based on single channel identification and classification, the average thickness of single interlaced strata was determined, and the river width-thickness ratio and sand-soil ratio were calculated to semi-quantitatively characterize the river connectivity and distribution characteristics. Based on the influencing factors and channel distribution characteristics of high-quality reservoirs, the development area of high-quality reservoirs was predicted. Results show that there are two types of interlayers in Huagang Fm of the A Structure, namely, desilting stratum and mudstone interlayer. The desilting stratum with low IRE was 24～45, and that of the mudstone layer was 51～110, much greater, thus the three sets of single channel sand bodies in 10 stages were identified in the H3 sand unit of Huagang Fm. The width-thickness ratio of single channel in the work area was 38.87, and the range of channel distribution in each period was calculated to be 1.1～2.3 km. The channel sand bodies are almost overlapped. Under the guidance of seismic composite microfacies, the early channel of Huagang Fm was identified and tracked. Combined with the distribution characteristics of sedimentary microfacies, coarse-grained facies zoning, and diagenesis development, we considered that the favorable reservoirs are more developed in the south area of the A Structure.
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Key words:
- grey theory /
- interlayer /
- reservoir configuration /
- high quality reservoirs
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表 2 IRE与储层类型定量关系
Table 2. Quantitative relationship between IRE and reservoir type
隔夹层类型 IRE 岩相组合 水动力强弱 渗透率/10−3 μm2 储层类型 落淤层 24～37 块状含砾砂岩–中粗砂岩–块状中砂岩 高能水道 0.3～79
（均值 21）I类 落淤层 35～45 少量砂质砾岩–少量块状中粗砂岩–大量块状细砂+平行细砂 低能水道 0.5～8
（均值1.2）II1类 泥岩层 51～110 平行中细砂岩–粉细砂 低能水道 0～1
（均值0.4）II2类 
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表 3 A构造H3 IRE值与隔夹层类型划分
Table 3. The IRE value of A Structure and the corresponding interlayer type
砂层期次 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 A1井 IRE 36～42 41～45 54～70 30～39 26～34 24～29 27～30 31～42 34～43 51～72 隔夹层类型 落淤层 落淤层 泥岩层 落淤层 落淤层 落淤层 泥岩层 落淤层 落淤层 泥岩层 A2井 IRE 37～46 30～33 44～70 24～29 27～30 41～60 31～42 34～53 41～52 43～104 隔夹层类型 落淤层 落淤层 泥岩层 落淤层 落淤层 泥岩层 落淤层 泥岩层 泥岩层 泥岩层 A4井 IRE 43～49 47～53 42～82 42～47 31～42 45～77 41～76 53～67 隔夹层类型 泥岩层 泥岩层 泥岩层 落淤层 落淤层 泥岩层 泥岩层 泥岩层 A5井 IRE 43～50 36～55 37～45 38～47 39～43 43～50 42～71 52～60 47～56 43～92 隔夹层类型 落淤层 落淤层 泥岩层 落淤层 落淤层 落淤层 泥岩层 落淤层 泥岩层 泥岩层
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表 4 强溶蚀区划分依据
Table 4. Identification criterion for the division of diagenetic facies in strong dissolution area
成岩储集相 A相 B相 C相 D相 岩石类型 中、粗砂岩
含砾砂岩中–细砂岩
含砾砂岩细砂岩 粉–细砂岩、泥砾砂岩、钙质砂岩 沉积微相 辫状河道主体 河道侧缘 泥质杂基/% 0～4 2～5 1～7 1～13 孔隙度/% 6～11 5～10 3.5～10 2.2～9 渗透率/10−3 μm2 ＞1 0.5～1 0.2～0.5 ＜0.2 视压实率/% 85～99 80～94 40～95 40～93 视胶结率/% ＜6 1～8.5 1～17 1～68 视溶蚀率/% 4～20 2.3～10 0.5～9 0～8 DTS/(μs/ft) 95～105 90～115 GR/API ≤55 ＞55 RT/(Ω·m) ≥45 ＜45 ZDEN/(g/cm) ≤2.52 ＞2.52 储集性能 好 较好 差 致密
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