Single-channel seismic swell static correction method based on synchronous single-beam echo sounder data
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摘要:
涌浪问题在单道地震中普遍存在，它使地震同相轴发生抖动，导致剖面错乱、模糊，从而干扰或误导地质解释。由于现有的涌浪校正方法都有一定的适用条件，该问题仍然没有被解决。本文基于单波束测深数据提出了一种新的涌浪静校正方法，首先阐述了该方法的基本原理和实现步骤，然后通过野外实际资料验证了该方法的有效性并与滤波方法进行了对比和分析，最后讨论了单道地震中另外一种“似涌浪干扰”的海底抖动现象，并展示了新方法在该问题上的应用效果。研究结果表明，本文提出的方法能够有效解决单道地震中涌浪造成的同相轴时移问题，特别对于复杂海底资料中的涌浪干扰处理效果良好。
Abstract:The swell problem is prevalent in single-channel seismic, which causes jitter in the seismic events and leads to misaligned and blurred profiles, and thus interferes or misleads geological interpretation. The problem is still not well solved because all existing swell correction methods have certain conditions of applicability. Therefore, we proposed a new method of the swell static correction based on single-beam echo sounder data. First, the basic principle of the method and the implementation steps were introduced, and then the effectiveness of the method was verified against the field data and the result were compared and analyzed with the filtering method. Finally, another type of "swell-like interference" in single-channel seismic seafloor jitter phenomenon and the application effect of the new method on the problem were discussed. Results show that the new method we proposed could effectively solve the time shift problem caused by swell in single-channel seismology, especially for the swell interference in complex seabed data; and the processing effect was good.
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表 1 粤东沿海及海南岛近岸海域单道地震采集参数
Table 1. Single-channel seismic acquisition parameters in the offshore of eastern Guangdong and along the coast of Hainan Island
采集参数 参数值 粤东沿海 海南岛近岸 震源类型 电火花/2000J 电火花/500J 炮检距（X）/m 6.6 8 DGPS至反射点的距离（SR）/m 46.52 49.2 反射点和DGPS连线与船中轴线的夹角（α）/(°) 181.5 184.7 震源沉放深度/m 0.5 0.5 接收缆沉放深度/m 0.5 0.5 平均声速/(m/s) 1 508 1 520 
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