边缘海盆地断层差异演化成因的数值模拟：以西湖凹陷平北斜坡带为例

马皓然; 苏金宝; 王毛毛; 任培罡; 谈明轩

doi:10.16562/j.cnki.0256-1492.2022102301

边缘海盆地断层差异演化成因的数值模拟：以西湖凹陷平北斜坡带为例

1.
河海大学海洋学院，南京 210098

2.
中石化华东石油工程有限公司科技发展分公司，南京 210098

基金项目: 国家自然科学基金面上项目“雪峰山构造带形成过程：来自金佛山与梵净山剖面脆性变形年代学约束”（42272236）；国家重点研发计划（重大自然灾害防控与公共安全）“构建三维公共断层模型和四维构造动态演化模型”（2021YFC3000604）

详细信息

作者简介: 马皓然（1998—），男，硕士研究生，主要从事海洋地质研究， E-mail：201311040018@hhu.edu.cn

通讯作者: 苏金宝（1980—），男，副教授，主要从事地质构造、地热等研究，E-mail：sujinbao@hhu.edu.cn

中图分类号: P736

收稿日期: 2022-10-23

修回日期: 2023-02-16

录用日期: 2023-02-16

刊出日期: 2024-02-28

Differential evolution of marginal basin fault: A case from numerical simulation of Pingbei Slope, Xihu Sag

1.
College of Oceanography, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, China

2.
SINOPEC Huadong Petroleum Engineering Limited Company, Nanjing 210098, China

More Information

Corresponding author: SU Jinbao, sujinbao@hhu.edu.cn

Received Date: 23 October 2022

Revised Date: 16 February 2023

Accepted Date: 16 February 2023

Publish Date: 28 February 2024

摘要

摘要:
东海陆架盆地中生代以来的成盆过程中，发育了大量陆倾控盆断裂，其发育模式与形成演化与东亚其他边缘海盆地差异明显。前人关注东海陆架盆地迁移特征，而忽略了断层差异演化的形成机制，对断层发育过程控制因素缺少深入研究。西湖凹陷平北斜坡带北部为海倾断层组成的断阶区，南部为陆倾断层组成的半地堑区，断裂差异演化指示着东海陆架盆地的成盆过程。本文通过离散元数值模拟，模拟陆倾和海倾断层的形成及演化，以探讨断层几何发育特征的控制因素。结果表明，岩性差异对斜坡带断层演化有较大影响，较高抗剪强度岩层破裂易产生陆倾控盆断裂，而低抗剪强度岩石则易形成向海倾断层。应力作用方向是区域差异演化的重要控制因素，岩石强度相同，应力作用方向相反时，断层倾向相反。盆地形成过程中发育众多凹陷斜坡，但坡度不是断层差异演化的主导因素。平北斜坡带和边缘海盆地的差异演化可能是由基底强度差异或应力方向差异导致的。本文利用离散元数值模拟平北斜坡带断裂差异演化过程，为东海盆地构造演化机制及边缘海盆地的形成提供了思路和理论依据。
- 断层差异演化 /
- 离散元模拟 /
- 边缘海盆地 /
- 西湖凹陷 /
- 平北斜坡带
Abstract:
In the East China Sea shelf basin, massive landward-dipping boundary faults were developed since the basin was born in the Mesozoic. Its structural geometry and tectonic process differ from those of other East Asian marginal basins. Previous studies focused on mainly tectonic migration of the East China Sea shelf basin, but differential evolution mechanism and its controlling factors in fault geometry were generally neglected. The northern part of the Pingbei Slope is the fault terrace zone formed by seaward-dipping normal faults, while the southern part is half-grabens controlled by landward-dipping normal faults. Differential evolution of faults in this region reflects the overall formation of the entire basin. To clarify the controlling factors, we investigated the development of landward-dipping and seaward-dipping faults by discrete element modeling. Results show that lithological differences affected the fault development. The landward-dipping normal faults tended to develop in the context of high-strength rocks, while seaward-dipping normal faults usually formed in the region of low strength. The stress orientation was another important factor for regional differential evolution, giving rise to faults development in opposite dipping. Although many slopes were developed during the formation of marginal basins, the topographic slope alone were not able to dominate the fault differential evolution. The differential evolution of the Pingbei Slope and the marginal basins might be controlled by the bedrock strength and geostress orientation. This study provided an insight and theory basis for understanding the mechanism of differential evolution in marginal basins.
- fault differential evolution /
- discrete element method /
- marginal basins /
- Xihu Sag /
- Pingbei Slope

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图 1 西湖凹陷构造区划示意图^[31]

Figure 1.

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图 2 研究区化极航磁异常及断层展布^{[27, 32]}

Figure 2.

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图 3 平北斜坡带北部区域典型构造剖面

Figure 3.

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图 4 平北斜坡带南部区域典型构造剖面

Figure 4.

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图 5 离散元数值模拟的模型边界条件

Figure 5.

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图 6 模型1构造变形、体积应变及断层断距统计

Figure 6.

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图 7 模型2构造变形、体积应变及断层断距统计

Figure 7.

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图 8 模型3构造变形、体积应变及断层断距统计

Figure 8.

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图 9 模型4构造变形与体积应变

Figure 9.

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图 10 模型5构造变形、体积应变及断层断距统计

Figure 10.

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图 11 不同强度地层伸展示意图^[20]

Figure 11.

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图 12 斜坡带与模型断层断距对比

Figure 12.

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表 1 西湖凹陷构造演化简表

Table 1. Tectonic evolution of the Xihu Sag

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表 2 模型粘结参数设置

Table 2. The model parameters

	杨氏模量E_b/Pa	剪切模量G_b/Pa	抗拉强度T_b/Pa		剪切强度C_b/Pa
	杨氏模量E_b/Pa	剪切模量G_b/Pa	模型1，3，4，5	模型2	模型1，3，4，5	模型2
新生代基底	2.0×10⁸	2.0×10⁸	2.5×10⁷	8.0×10⁶	5.0×10⁷	1.6×10⁷
沉积层	2.0×10⁸	2.0×10⁸	1.0×10⁷		2.0×10⁷

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