滇黔相邻区二叠系宣威组富稀土黏土岩综合研究进展

蒋晓丽; 龚大兴; 周家云; 田恩源; 晁文文

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-6532.2022.01.005

滇黔相邻区二叠系宣威组富稀土黏土岩综合研究进展

1.
中国地质科学院矿产综合利用研究所, 中国地质调查局稀土资源应用技术创新中心, 四川　成都　610041

2.
成都理工大学, 四川　成都　610041

基金项目: 中国地质调查局地质调查项目“滇黔相邻区稀土资源基地综合地质调查” （DD20211236)；“格陵兰岛西南部稀土-铀矿产资源潜力评价”（ DD20190446)

详细信息

作者简介: 蒋晓丽（1997-），女，硕士，研究方向为矿床地球化学

通讯作者: 周家云（1974-），男，教授级高级工程师，研究方向为矿床地球化学

中图分类号: TD981

收稿日期: 2021-12-01

刊出日期: 2022-02-25

The Research Progress and Problems of Rare Earth Elements of Rare Earth Rich Clay Rock Permian Xuanwei Formation in the Yunnan–Guizhou Border Region

1.
Institute of Multipurpose Utilization of Mineral Resources, Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences Technology Innovation Center of Rare Earth Resources Development and Utilization, China Geological Survey, Chengdu, Sichuan, China

2.
Chengdu University of Technology, Chengdu, Sichuan, China

More Information

Corresponding author: Zhou Jiayun, zhszjy@aliyun.com

Received Date: 01 December 2021

Publish Date: 25 February 2022

摘要

摘要:
在滇黔相邻区峨眉山玄武岩之上，二叠系宣威组下部广泛分布一套富稀土黏土岩。作为一种新类型的潜在稀土资源，诸多学者对其进行了研究，包括成矿条件、赋存状态，富集规律、综合利用方式等多个方面都有了较大的进展。该类型稀土具有非常大的资源潜力，区域连续性好、集中程度高，富含高价值的稀土元素镨、钕、铽、镝，经济价值和开发利用潜力巨大。本文全面总结了宣威组稀土目前的研究进展和存在的关键问题，提出了下一步研究方向。当前对于宣威组富稀土黏土岩中稀土元素的富集机理尚未明确，进一步开展成矿理论研究是找矿突破的关键；赋存状态的研究亟待突破，对该新类型稀土的综合利用技术突破，后期绿色勘查开发具有重要的意义；综合利用方面，经济可行的绿色选冶技术、伴生的铝、铌、锆、镓、钛等有价元素的综合回收、尾矿的资源化消纳等方面是下一步的主攻方向。
- 新类型稀土 /
- 滇黔相邻区 /
- 宣威组 /
- 富集机理 /
- 综合利用潜力
Abstract:
A set of rare earth rich clay rocks is widely distributed in the lower part of The Permian Xuanwei Formation and upper the Emeishan basalt in the Yunnan-Guizhou border region. As a new type potentisl rare earth deposit, researchers have studied it and got great progress, including metallogenic conditions, occurrence state, enrichment regulation, multipurpose utilization methods and so on.This new type deposit holds giant resource potential, great regional continuity, high concentration, enrich high value rare earth element, such as Pr, Nd, Td, Dy, and economic value and large potential of development and utilization. This paper summarizes the current research progress and key problems of rare earth in rare earth rich clay rock, Xuanwei Formation, and discusses the next research direction. At present, there has not definited on the enrichment mechanism of rare earth elements in rare earth rich clay rock, xuanwei Formation, and further research on metallogenic theory is the key to breakthrough in prospecting. It is urgent to make a breakthrough in the study of occurrence state, which is of great significance for the comprehensive utilization of this new type of rare earth. In terms of comprehensive utilization, economically feasible green beneficiation and smelting technology, comprehensive recovery of associated valuable elements Al, Nb, Zr and Ga, and reclamation and absorption of tailings are the main directions for the next step.
- New-type deposit /
- Yunnan–Guizhou Border Region /
- Xuanwei formation /
- enrichment mechanism /
- multipurpose utilization potential

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图 1 滇黔相邻区宣威组稀土异常分布规律及区域地质简图

Figure 1.

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图 2 稀土配分

Figure 2.

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表 1 全球稀土矿床资源量及利用方式

Table 1. Global rare earth deposit resources and utilization methods

	平均品位/%	利用率/%	载体矿物	利用方式	资源量/Mt	LREE/ HREE	Ref.
离子吸附型	HREE:0.08 LREE:0.1	70~75	风化壳淋积型稀土矿	地浸法、堆浸法	207.23	3.32~22.31	[1,34]
深海稀土（太平洋）	0.66	84.38	生物磷酸盐（鱼牙骨）	酸浸	>16000	9.24	[35]
攀西冕宁	3.7	74.5	氟碳铈矿	重选—浮选工艺流程	340	24.55~45.54	[36]
Mountain Pass	8	56	氟碳铈矿	羟肟酸加温浮选	20	30.05	[37]
白云鄂博	4.7	55.65	氟碳铈矿、独居石	弱磁-强磁-稀土浮选-萤石浮选（加温）	5740	123.16~259.93	[38]
山东微山	3.5~5	60~70	氟碳铈矿	浮选	270	11.21~70.32	[39]
滇黔相邻区	0.27	87.88	高岭石	焙烧-选择性酸浸	>40	5.93～20.75	[5]

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