四川大渡河流域偏岩子金矿床地质特征及金的赋存状态

张燕; 李引; 尹鑫; 陈翠华; 王嘉欣; 杨玉龙; 邹发

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-6532.2022.01.006

四川大渡河流域偏岩子金矿床地质特征及金的赋存状态

1.
成都理工大学地球科学学院, 四川　成都　610059

2.
贵州省黔南州福泉市工业和信息化局, 贵州　福泉　550500

基金项目: 四川省教育厅科技计划项目《大渡河流域战略资源碲的工艺矿物学研究》（2018JY0477）; 国家自然科学基金项目《热流体作用及其铅锌成矿和油气成藏效应——以四川盆地震旦系富有机质碳酸盐岩型铅锌矿床为例》（41372093）共同资助

详细信息

作者简介: 张燕（1987-），女，博士，矿物学、岩石学、矿床学专业

通讯作者: 陈翠华（1972-），女，教授，博士生导师，主要从事矿床学、矿相学、地球化学、工艺矿物学研究工作

中图分类号: TD952;P574.1;

收稿日期: 2020-03-12

修回日期: 2020-04-18

刊出日期: 2022-02-25

Geological Characteristics and Occurrence of Pianyanzi Au Deposit in Daduhe Basin, Sichuan

1.
College of Earth Sciences, Chengdu University of Technology, Chengdu, Sichuan, China

2.
Bureau of Industry and Information Technology, Fuquan City, Qiannan Prefecture, Guizhou Province, Fuquan, Guizhou, China

More Information

Corresponding author: Chen Cuihua

Received Date: 12 March 2020

Revised Date: 18 April 2020

Publish Date: 25 February 2022

摘要

摘要:
偏岩子金矿床位于康滇地轴北端的大渡河成矿带上，是世界上稀有的氟镁石型金矿床。产于上震旦统灯影组中，矿物的组成比较丰富，已查明的矿物多达50多种。矿石类型以氟镁石-石英型为主，矿体同时受到地层和构造的双重控制。通过电子探针（EPMA）、扫描电镜（SEM）等测试，发现载金矿物以氟镁石、黄铁矿、黝铜矿等矿物为主；按照金的化学状态可将金的赋存状态分为独立矿物、络合物和晶格金这三大类，按照金与载体矿物之间的嵌布关系可分为有包裹金、裂隙金和晶隙金这三大类，金的粒度跨度较大，主要集中在2～10 μm，属于明金、显微金。
- 大渡河流域 /
- 偏岩子金矿床 /
- 载金矿物 /
- 赋存形式
Abstract:
Pianyanzi gold deposit is located in the Daduhe metallogenic belt at the northern end of the Kangyan-Yunnan axis. It is a rare flummagnesite type gold deposit in the world. Produced in the upper sinian dengying formation, the mineral composition is relatively rich, up to 50 kinds of minerals have been identified. The ore type is mainly flummagnesite-quartz type, and the ore body is controlled by both strata and structure. By means of EPMA and SEM, it is found that the gold minerals are mainly fluobesite, pyrite, tetrahedrite and so on. According to the chemical state of gold, the occurrence state of gold can be divided into three categories: independent minerals, complex complexes and lattice gold. According to the distribution relationship between gold and carrier minerals, it can be divided into three categories: encapsulated gold, fissure gold and intergranular gold. The granularity of gold has a large span, mainly concentrated in 2 ~ 10 μm, and belongs to the crystallized gold and microscopic gold.
- Daduhe basin /
- Pianyanzi Au deposit /
- Gold bearing minerals /
- Mode of occurrence

HTML全文

图 1 偏岩子金矿地质简图

Figure 1.

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 2 黄铁矿（a）、黝铜矿（b）中Au颗粒扫描电镜图像及能谱分析

Figure 2.

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 3 偏岩子金矿床黄铁矿的logAs-logAu关系^[17]

Figure 3.

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 4 金的嵌布特征

Figure 4.

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 5 黄铁矿的构造特征

Figure 5.

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

表 1 电子探针分析结果/%

Table 1. EPMA results

样品	As	Pb	S	Au	Fe	Se	Mo	Ni	Ag	Cu	Zn	Bi	Sb	Te	Total	分子式及矿物名称
1-1	0.79		47.55	0.11	48.923	0	0.458	0	0.01	0.054		0.161	0.002	0	98.057	Fe_1.18As_0.014S₂（黄铁矿）
1-2	0.469		49.257	0.041	48.96	0.009	0.446	0	0	0		0.07	0	0.009	99.263	Fe_1.14As_0.008S₂（黄铁矿）
2-1	0.868		48.784	0	45.981	0.005	0.478	0	0	0.055		0.238	0	0	96.41	Fe_1.08As_0.015S₂（黄铁矿）
2-2	0.599		49.171	0.047	49.29	0	0.683	0	0	0.008		0.175	0	0.015	99.987	Fe_1.14As_0.010S₂（黄铁矿）
4-1	2.527	41.081	17.308	0	0.021	0.032	0.274	0	0.181	12.687	0.06	1.249	19.603	0	95.022	Cu_1.11Pb_1.11(Sb_0.90,As_0.18)_1.08S₃ （车轮矿）
4-2	3.033	41.657	17.452	0	0.044	0.074	0.244	0	0.055	12.067	0.055	0.727	19.204	0	94.613	Cu_1.05Pb_1.11(Sb_0.87,As_0.21)_1.08S₃ （车轮矿）
4-3	2.487	39.696	17.329	0.161	0	0	0.2	0	0.12	12.651	0.013	1.169	19.956	0	93.782	Cu_1.11Pb_1.05(Sb_0.90,As_0.18)_1.08S₃ （车轮矿）
4-4	5.885	0.038	22.861	0.029	0.284	0	0.269	0	0.713	37.506	6.663	0.075	20.197	0	94.519	(Cu_10.76,Zn_1.86)(Sb_3.02,As_1.43)S₁₃ （黝铜矿）
4-5	8.566	0	23.516	0.075	0.376	0.006	0.226	0	0.603	37.75	7.594	0	15.958	0	94.67	(Cu_10.76,Zn_1.86)(Sb_3.02,As_1.43)S₁₃ （黝铜矿）
5-1	0.696	33.679	17.311	0	0.017	0.057	0.186	0	0.427	2.292	0	12.084	26.984	0	93.734	Cu_1.94Pb_8.73Bi_3.11（Sb_11.9,As_0.5）S₂₉ （达硫锑铅矿）
5-2	0.803	33.812	17.542	0	0.032	0.034	0.305	0.049	0.423	2.852	0	12.139	27.374	0	95.366	Cu_1.94Pb_8.73Bi_3.11（Sb_11.9,As_0.5）S₂₉ （达硫锑铅矿）
5-3	1.029	32.67	17.953	0	0.034	0.018	0.212	0.022	0.691	2.485	0	10.72	29.203	0	95.037	Cu_1.94Pb_8.73Bi_3.11（Sb_11.9,As_0.5）S₂₉ （达硫锑铅矿）
5-4	2.411	41.349	16.975	0	0.008	0.001	0.291	0	0.273	12.875	0	1.004	19.895	0	95.083	Cu_1.14Pb_1.13(Sb_0.92,As_0.18)S₃ （车轮矿）
5-5	2.619	41.601	17.282	0	0.018	0	0.233	0	0	12.417	0	0.528	20.242	0	94.941	Cu_1.08Pb_1.12(Sb_0.92,As_0.19)S₃ （车轮矿）

下载: 导出CSV

表 2 偏岩子矿床部分金的形态、粒度统计

Table 2. Statistics of morphology and granularity of some gold in Pianyanzi Au deposit

赋矿矿物	形态	粒度
黄铁矿	椭圆粒状	4.8×3.2 μm
	圆粒状	6.2×1.5 μm
	圆粒状	6.5×4.9 μm
	短柱状	3.8×2.1 μm
	圆粒状	3.7×2.7 μm
黝铜矿	不规则粒状	7.0×6.8 μm
	不规则脉状	7.0×2.1 μm
	不规则脉状	14.9×3.8 μm
	树枝状	15.7×3.4 μm
	树枝状	9.9×2.2 μm

下载: 导出CSV

参考文献(21)

[1]	闫升好, 杨建民, 王登红, 等. 大渡河金矿田喜马拉雅期成矿的40Ar/39Ar年龄依据及其意义[J]. 地质学报, 2002, 76(3):384-388. doi: 10.3321/j.issn:0001-5717.2002.03.011 YAN S H, YANG J M, WANG D H, et al. 40Ar/39Ar age basis and significance of Himalayan metallogenic metallogenesis in Daduhe gold ore field[J]. Acta Geologica Sinica, 2002, 76(3):384-388. doi: 10.3321/j.issn:0001-5717.2002.03.011
[2]	刘阳, 张成江. 四川大渡河金矿田辉绿岩的地质特征及意义[J]. 矿物学报, 2015, s1:231-231. LIU Y, ZHANG C J. The Geological characteristics and significance of diabase in Daduhe gold field, Sichuan Province[J]. Acta Mineralogica Sinica, 2015, s1:231-231.
[3]	陈颖. 大渡河流域不同赋矿层位金矿床特征对比[D]. 成都: 成都理工大学, 2015. CHEN Y. Characteristics comparison of gold deposits in different ore- bearing layers in Daduhe Basin [D]. Chengdu: Chengdu University of Technology, 2015.
[4]	许红英, 张成江, 李俊国, 等. 四川康定偏岩子氟镁石金矿床的成矿机理[J]. 矿物学报, 2015(s1):637. XU H Y, ZHANG C J, LI J G, et al. Metallogenicmechanisation of pianyanzibrucite gold deposit in Kangding, Sichuan[J]. ActaMineralogicaSinica, 2015(s1):637.
[5]	罗鸿书等. 康定氟镁石金矿[M]. 成都, 四川科学技术出版社, 1987. LUO H S, et al. Kangding brucite gold deposit [M]. Chengdu, Sichuan Science and Technology Press, 1987.
[6]	蔡建明. 四川偏岩子金矿床流体包裹体特点及其成矿意义[J]. 成都理工大学学报(自科版), 1988(3):12-19. CAI J M. A fluid inclusion study of the Pianyanzi gold deposit in Sichuan Province[J]. Journal of Chengdu University of Technology ( Natural Science Edition ), 1988(3):12-19.
[7]	陈小婷. 四川大渡河金矿床成矿特征研究[J]. 世界有色金属, 2017(14):167-168. CHEN X T. Research on the met allogenic characteristics of a gold deposit in the Dadu River in Sichuan Province[J]. World nonferrous metals, 2017(14):167-168.
[8]	王越, 王婧, 李潇雨, 等. 川西某金矿工艺矿物学研究及对选矿工艺的影响[J]. 矿产综合利用, 2021(4):206-210. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-6532.2021.04.034 WANG Y, WANG J, LI X Y, et al. Process mineralogy study of the gold deposit in Western Sichuan area and its influence on mineral processing technology[J]. Multipurpose Utilization of Mineral Resources, 2021(4):206-210. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-6532.2021.04.034
[9]	周利华, 陈晓芳, 苏妤芸. 山西某斑岩型金矿工艺矿物学特性[J]. 矿产综合利用, 2020(3):143-147. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-6532.2020.03.024 ZHOU L H, CHEN X F. SU Y Y. Technological and mineralogical characteristics of a porphyry gold deposit in Shanxi Province[J]. Multipurpose Utilization of Mineral Resources, 2020(3):143-147. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-6532.2020.03.024
[10]	魏旭, 李磊, 张青, 等. 安徽省蚌埠五河蓝天铜金矿床物质组分及赋存状态[J]. 矿产综合利用, 2021(4):188-192. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-6532.2021.04.030 WEI X, LI L, ZHANG Q, et al. Study on material composition and occurrence status of the copper-gold deposit in Lantian, Wuhe, Bengbu City, Anhui Province[J]. Multipurpose Utilization of Mineral Resources, 2021(4):188-192. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-6532.2021.04.030
[11]	LU Yan, Mao Y Y. Analysis of the characteristics of ore-controlling structures in KangdingPianyanzi golddeposit[J]. Journal of Chengdu University of Technology (Natural Science Edition), 1988(2):14-22.
[12]	李长山. 青海纳赤台金矿床和四川偏岩子金矿床地质特征及金的赋存状态研究[D]. 成都: 成都理工大学, 2015. LI C S. A Study on Geological characteristics and occurrence state of au between nanchitai gold deposit in Sichuan and Pianyanzi gold deposit in Qinghai [D]. Chengdu: Chengdu University of Technology, 2015.
[13]	杨元良. 四川康定偏岩子金矿床地质特征及成因初探[D]. 成都: 成都理工大学, 2016. YANG Y L. Geological characteristics and genesis of Pianyanzi gold deposit in Kangding, Sichuan [D]. Chengdu: Chengdu University of Technology, 2016.
[14]	刘英俊, 马东升. 金的地球化学[M]. 北京: 科学出版社, 1991.25-120. LIU Y J, MA D S. Geochemistry of gold [M]. The Science Publishing Company, 1991, 25-120
[15]	Reich M, Kealer S, Utsunomiya S, et al. Solubility of gold in arsenic pyrite[J]. Geochemicaet Cos-MochimicaActa, 2005, 69(11):2781-2796.
[16]	邹发, 陈翠华, 黎洪秩, 等. 大渡河流域三碉金矿床矿石特征研究[J]. 矿物学报, 2015(s1): 192-193. ZOU F, CHEN C H, LI H Z, et al. Study on the ore characteristics of the Sandiao gold deposit in the Dadu River Basin[J]. Acta Mineralogica Sinica. 2015(s1): 192-193.
[17]	张博, 李诺, 陈衍景. 热液矿床金的赋存状态及研究方法[J]. 地学前缘, 2018, 25(5): 251-265. ZHANG B, LI N, CHEN Y J. Occurrence state of gold in hydrothermal deposits and related research methods[J]. Earth Science Frontiers. 2018, 25(5): 251-265.
[18]	卢晶, 王枫, 李磊, 等. 安徽省铜陵马山金硫矿床北段金矿物特征研究[J]. 矿产综合利用, 2020(5):115-119. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-6532.2020.05.017 LU J, WANG F, LI L, et al. Study on the characteristics of gold minerals in the northern segment of the Mashan gold-sulfur deposit in Tongling, Anhui Province[J]. Multipurpose Utilization of Mineral Resources, 2020(5):115-119. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-6532.2020.05.017
[19]	郑大中. 金的若干迁移形式的探讨—兼论康定偏岩子氟镁石金矿床的成矿机理[J]. 四川地质学报, 1995(4):304-311. ZHENG D Z. A discussion into several migration forms of gold-on genetic mechanism of Pianyanzi sellaite-type gold deposit, Kangding[J]. Sichuan Geological Journal, 1995(4):304-311.
[20]	张弘弢, 苏文超, 田建吉, 等. 贵州水银洞卡林型金矿床金的赋存状态初步研究[J]. 矿物学报, 2008, 28(1):17-24. doi: 10.3321/j.issn:1000-4734.2008.01.004 ZHANG H T, SU W C, et al. The occurrence of gold at Shuiyindong carlin-type gold deposit in Guizhou[J]. Acta mineral alogicasinica, 2008, 28(1):17-24. doi: 10.3321/j.issn:1000-4734.2008.01.004
[21]	马建秦, 李朝阳, 温汉捷. 不可见金赋存状态研究现状[J]. 矿物学报, 1999, 19(3):335-342. doi: 10.3321/j.issn:1000-4734.1999.03.013 MA J Q, LI C Y, WEN H J. The status quo of research on the occurrence of invisible gold[J]. Acta mineral alogicasinica, 1999, 19(3):335-342. doi: 10.3321/j.issn:1000-4734.1999.03.013