ICESat-2 data-based monitoring of 2018—2021 variations in the water levels of lakes in the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau
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摘要: 湖泊水位变化是气候、生态环境变化、水资源评级研究的重要指标。以往测高卫星对中小型湖泊监测难度大,新发射的ICESat-2卫星可提升湖泊水位监测的全面性与精度。文章基于ICESat-2卫星陆地观测产品数据覆盖情况,对2018年10月—2021年4月期间青藏高原面积大于1 km2的473个湖泊进行高精度水位动态监测。从高原湖泊水位整体变化、流域和区域变化、典型湖泊水位月(或季)度的时间变化趋势3个方面,分析了湖泊水位的时空变化特征。研究表明: 近3 a来,青藏高原湖泊水位总体继续呈上升趋势,年均变化率为0.013 m/a; 大型湖泊水位上升明显,中型湖泊水位上升平缓,小型湖泊水位呈微弱下降。在空间分布上,青藏高原各流域湖泊水位呈上升趋势,水位呈下降趋势的湖泊多数分布在海拔相对较高的地区。监测期间,色林错水位上升达1 m,格仁错水位下降达1 m。该水位监测成果提供了青藏高原部分湖泊水位最新监测数据,有助于湖泊变化动态监测等研究。
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关键词:
- 湖泊水位 /
- 时空变化 /
- ICESat-2卫星 /
- 青藏高原
Abstract: The variation in the water levels of lakes is an important indicator for the study of changes in climate and ecological environment and water resources rating. It was previously difficult for altimetry satellites to monitor small and medium-sized lakes, but the newly launched ICESat-2 satellite can improve the monitoring comprehensiveness and precision of lakes’ water levels. Based on the data coverage of ICESat-2 satellite land observation products, the high-precision dynamic monitoring of water levels was conducted for 473 lakes covering an area greater than 1 km2 in the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau from October 2018 to April 2021. The spatio-temporal variations of water levels of these lakes were analyzed from three aspects: the overall variations in the water levels of lakes in the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, the basin-scaled and regional variations in the water levels of lakes, and the monthly or quarterly variation trends of water levels of typical lakes. The study results are as follows. In the past three years, the water levels of lakes in the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau continuously rose, with an average annual rate of variation of 0.013 m/a. The water levels of large, medium-sized, and small lakes rose significantly, rose gently, and dropped slightly, respectively. In terms of spatial distribution, the water levels of lakes in each basin generally showed an upward trend, and most of the lakes with declining water levels had relatively high elevations. During the monitoring period, the water level of Siling Co Lake rose by 1 m and that of Kering Tso Lake declined by 1 m. This study provides the latest monitoring data on the water levels of some lakes on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, which are conducive to the study of dynamic variation monitoring of lakes.-
Key words:
- lake level /
- spatio-temporal variation /
- ICESat-2 satellite /
- Qinghai-Tibet Plateau
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