智利Candelaria-Punta del Cobre铁氧化物铜金矿床地质和成矿作用

赵宇浩, 毛大华, 王天刚, 赵晓丹, 朱意萍. 智利Candelaria-Punta del Cobre铁氧化物铜金矿床地质和成矿作用[J]. 地质通报, 2017, 36(12): 2296-2307.
引用本文: 赵宇浩, 毛大华, 王天刚, 赵晓丹, 朱意萍. 智利Candelaria-Punta del Cobre铁氧化物铜金矿床地质和成矿作用[J]. 地质通报, 2017, 36(12): 2296-2307.
ZHAO Yuhao, MAO Dahua, WANG Tiangang, ZHAO Xiaodan, ZHU Yiping. Geology and mineralization of the Candelaria-Punta del Cobre Fe oxide Cu-Au deposits, Chile[J]. Geological Bulletin of China, 2017, 36(12): 2296-2307.
Citation: ZHAO Yuhao, MAO Dahua, WANG Tiangang, ZHAO Xiaodan, ZHU Yiping. Geology and mineralization of the Candelaria-Punta del Cobre Fe oxide Cu-Au deposits, Chile[J]. Geological Bulletin of China, 2017, 36(12): 2296-2307.

智利Candelaria-Punta del Cobre铁氧化物铜金矿床地质和成矿作用

  • 基金项目:
    中国地质调查局项目《海上丝绸之路大洋洲和南美洲矿产资源潜力评价》(编号:DD20160110)
详细信息
    作者简介: 赵宇浩(1989-), 男, 硕士, 工程师, 从事矿床地质研究。E-mail:zhao61060427@126.com
    通讯作者: 毛大华(1964-), 男, 本科, 高级工程师, 从事地质矿产勘查与地质找矿。E-mail:maodhhua@126.com
  • 中图分类号: P618.41;P618.51

Geology and mineralization of the Candelaria-Punta del Cobre Fe oxide Cu-Au deposits, Chile

More Information
  • 智利Copiapó附近海岸东部边缘有一宽5km、长20km的铁氧化物铜金矿床带,包括Candelaria矿床和位于其北东方向3km处的Punta del Cobre矿集区的中小型矿床。初步估计,该成矿带的铜矿石资源量可达7×108~8×108t(含铜量1%)。矿石矿物主要为黄铜矿、黄铁矿、磁铁矿、赤铁矿。矿石产状为脉状、角砾状、细脉状等。含矿围岩主要为Punta del Cobre组的火山岩及火山碎屑岩。该矿带中大部分大型矿脉位于北西-北北西向高角度脆性断层与块状火山岩和火山碎屑岩接触带交汇处。Candelairia矿区主要发育黑云母-钾长石±钙角闪石±绿帘石蚀变矿物组合。在Punta del Cobr矿集区,矿床深部的矿石围岩蚀变情况与Candelairia地区一致,但是浅部的矿石赋存于黑云母-钾长石或钠长石-绿泥石±方解石蚀变带中。

  • 加载中
  • 图 1  区域地质图

    Figure 1. 

    图 2  矿区地质图

    Figure 2. 

    图 3  矿区AB剖面

    Figure 3. 

    图 4  Candelaria矿区(a)和Punta del Cobre矿集区地层柱状图(b)

    Figure 4. 

    图 5  Candelaria-Punta del Cobre地区蚀变矿物组合分布

    Figure 5. 

    图 6  Candelaria-Punta del Cobre铁氧化物铜金矿床成矿作用时代统计

    Figure 6. 

    表 1  Candelaria -Punta del Cobre成矿带中矿床简介

    Table 1.  The description of mineral deposits along the Candelaria-Punta del Cobre belt

    矿床名称 矿石矿物组合 蚀变矿物 矿石储量和品位
    Alcaparrosa mt, cpy, py kspar, bio, act, qtz 10Mt 1.4% Cu
    Bronce mt, cpy, py scap, gt
    Candelaria mt, cpy, py bio, kspar, act, qtz 470Mt 0.95% Cu, 0.22g/t Au, 3.1g/t Ag
    Carola mt, hm, cpy, py kspar, bio, chl, cte 20Mt 1.4% Cu
    Las Pintadas mt, cpy, py gt, act, kspar 4.0Mt 1.0%~1.5% Cu
    Manto Monstruo mt, cpy, py calc-silicate
    Mantos de Cobre mt, cpy, py kspar/ab-chl 1.5Mt 1.45% Cu
    Resguardo cpy, py, hm, mt ab, chl, cte 6Mt 1.8%~2.0% Cu, 0.4~0.5g/t Au, 7.0g/t Ag
    Santos mt, cpy, py, hm kspar, bio, chl 20Mt 1.5% Cu, 0.4~0.5g/t Au, 7.0g/t Ag
    Socavon Rampa cpy, hm, py ab, chl, cte 25Mt 1.2%~2% Cu, 0.2~0.3g/t Au, 7.0g/t Ag
    Trinidad mt, hm, cpy, py kspar, bio, chl 15Mt 1.5% Cu, 0.2~0.3g/t Au, 7.0g/t Ag
    Marta -Venus mt, cpy, py, hm gt, act
      注:ab—钠长石;act—阳起石;bio—黑云母;chl—绿泥石;cpy—黄铜矿;cte—方解石;gt—石榴石;hm—赤铁矿;kspar—钾长石;mt—磁铁矿;po—磁黄铁矿;py—黄铁矿;qtz—石英;scap—方柱石;sl—闪锌矿;calc-silicate—钙硅酸盐
    下载: 导出CSV
  • [1]

    Marschik R, Leveille R A, Martin W.La Candelaria and the Punta del Cobre district, Chile:Early Cretaceous iron oxide cu-au (-ZnAg) mineralization[J].Hydrothermal iron oxide copper-gold and related deposits, 2000, 1:163-175. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/312470464_La_Candelaria_and_the_Punta_del_Cobre_district_Chile_early_Cretaceous_iron-oxide_Cu-_Au-Zn-Ag_mineralization?ev=auth_pub

    [2]

    Segerstrom K, Ruiz C.Geología del Cuadrángulo Copiapó, Provincia de Atacama[J].Carta Geológica de Chile, 1962, 3(1):115

    [3]

    Hitzman M W, Oreskes N, Einaudi M T.Geological characteristics and tectonic setting of proterozoic iron oxide (Cu-U-Au-REE) deposits[J].Precambrian Research, 1992, 58(1/4):241-287. http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/0301926892901214

    [4]

    Gow P A, Wall V J, Oliver N H S, et al.Proterozoic iron oxide (Cu-U-Au-REE) deposits:Further evidence of hydrothermal origins[J].Geology, 1994, 22(7):633-636. doi: 10.1130/0091-7613(1994)022<0633:PIOCUA>2.3.CO;2

    [5]

    Rotherham J F, Blake K L, Cartwright I, et al.Stable isotope evidence for the origin of the Mesoproterozoic Starra Au-Cu deposit, Cloncurry district, northwest Queensland[J].Economic Geology, 1998, 93(8):1435-1449. doi: 10.2113/gsecongeo.93.8.1435

    [6]

    Williams P J.Metalliferous economic geology of the Mt Isa eastern succession, Queensland[J].Australian Journal of Earth Sciences, 1998, 45(3):329-341. doi: 10.1080/08120099808728395

    [7]

    Williams P J, Dong G, Pollard P J, et al.Fluid inclusion geochemistry of Cloncurry (Fe)-Cu-Au deposits[J].Mineral deposits:Processes to processing:Rotterdam, Balkema, 1999, 1:111-114. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/262151869_Fluid_inclusion_geochemistry_of_Cloncurry_Fe-Cu-Au_deposits

    [8]

    Battles D A, Barton M D.Arc-related sodic hydrothermal alteration in the western United States[J].Geology, 1995, 23(10):913-916. doi: 10.1130/0091-7613(1995)023<0913:ARSHAI>2.3.CO;2

    [9]

    Haynes D W, Cross K C, Bills R T, et al.Olympic Dam ore genesis:a fluid-mixing model[J].Economic Geology, 1995, 90(2):281-307. doi: 10.2113/gsecongeo.90.2.281

    [10]

    Barton M D, Johnson D A.Evaporitic-source model for igneousrelated Fe oxide-(REE-Cu-Au-U) mineralization[J].Geology, 1996, 24(3):259-262. doi: 10.1130/0091-7613(1996)024<0259:ESMFIR>2.3.CO;2

    [11]

    Hopf S.The Agustina mine, a volcanic-hosted copper deposit in northern Chile[C]//Stratabound Ore Deposits in the Andes.Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1990:421-434.http://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978-3-642-88282-1_32

    [12]

    Marschik R, Fontboté L.Copper (-iron) mineralization and superposition of alteration events at the Punta del Cobre belt, northern Chile[J].Special Publication of the Society of Economic Geologists, 1996, 5:171-189. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/284698183_Copper-iron_mineralization_and_superposition_of_alteration_events_in_the_Punta_del_Cobre_belt_northern_Chile?ev=auth_pub

    [13]

    Ullrich T D, Clark A H.The Candelaria copper-gold deposit, Region Ⅲ, Chile:Paragenesis, geochronology and fluid composition[C]//Mineral deposits:Processes to processing:Rotterdam, Balkema, 1999:201-204.https://www.researchgate.net/publication/309456889_The_Candelaria_copper-gold_deposit_Region_III_Chile_Paragenesis_geochronology_and_fluid_composition

    [14]

    Mathur R, Marschik R, Ruiz J, et al.Age of mineralization of the Candelaria Fe oxide Cu-Au deposit and the origin of the Chilean iron belt, based on Re-Os isotopes[J].Economic Geology, 2002, 97(1):59-71. doi: 10.2113/gsecongeo.97.1.59

    [15]

    Scheuber E, Hammerschmidt K, Friedrichsen H.40 Ar/39 Ar and Rb-Sr analyses from ductile shear zones from the Atacama Fault Zone, northern Chile:the age of deformation[J].Tectonophysics, 1995, 250(1):61-87. http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/0040195195000448

    [16]

    Dallmeyer R D, Brown M, Grocott J, et al.Mesozoic Magmatic and Tectonic Events within the Andean Plate Boundary Zone, 26°-27°30'S, North Chile:Constraints from Mineral Ages[J].The Journal of Geology, 1996, 104(1):19-40. doi: 10.1086/629799

    [17]

    Menard J J.Relationship between altered pyroxene diorite and the magnetite mineralization in the Chilean Iron Belt, with emphasis on the El Algarrobo iron deposits (Atacama region, Chile)[J].Mineralium Deposita, 1995, 30(3):268-274. http://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/BF00196362

    [18]

    Tilling R.El Batolito Andino cerca de Copiapó, Provincía de Atacama.Geologíay Petrología[J].Revista Geológica de Chile, 1976, 3:1-24. http://bosques.ciren.cl/handle/123456789/23791

    [19]

    Marschik R, Fontboté L.The Punta del Cobre Formation, Punta del Cobre-Candelaria area, northern Chile[J].Journal of South American Earth Sciences, 2001, 14(4):401-433. doi: 10.1016/S0895-9811(01)00036-0

    [20]

    Arévalo C, Grocott J, Martin W, et al.Structural Setting of the Candelaria Fe Oxide Cu-Au Deposit, Chilean Andes (27°30'S)[J].Economic Geology, 2006, 101(4):819-841. doi: 10.2113/gsecongeo.101.4.819

    [21]

    Arévalo C, Grocott J.The tectonic setting of the Chañarcillo Group and the Bandurrias Formation:An Early-Late Cretaceous sinistral transpressive belt between the Coastal Cordillera and the Precordillera, Atacama region, Chile[J]:Congreso Geológico Chileno, 8th, Antofagasta, 1997, 3:1604-1607.

    [22]

    方维萱, 李建旭.智利铁氧化物铜金型矿床成矿规律、控制因素与成矿演化[J].地球科学进展, 2014, 29(9):1011-1024. doi: 10.11867/j.issn.1001-8166.2014.09.1011

    [23]

    李建旭, 方维萱, 刘家军.智利铁氧化物-铜-金矿床区域定位构造-矿田构造类型与特征[J].地质与勘探, 2011, 47(2):323-332. http://d.wanfangdata.com.cn/Periodical/dzykt201102025

    [24]

    Ryan P J, Lawrence A L, Jenkins R A, et al.The Candelaria copper-gold deposit, Chile[J].Arizona Geological Society Digest, 1995, 20:625-645. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/284671519_The_Candelaria_copper-gold_deposit_Chile

    [25]

    Sillitoe R H, Clark A H.Copper and copper iron sulphides as the initial products of supergene oxidation, Copiapó mining district, northern Chile[J].American Mineralogist, 1969, 54(11-1):1684-1710. http://www.researchgate.net/publication/285630985_Copper_and_copper-iron_sulfides_as_the_initial_products_of_supergene_oxidation_Copiao_Mining_district_Northern_Chile

    [26]

    Marschik R, Fontboté L.The Candelaria-Punta del Cobre iron oxide Cu-Au(-Zn-Ag) deposits, Chile[J].Economic Geology, 2001, 96(8):1799-1826. http://www.researchgate.net/publication/247864095_The_Candelaria-Punta_del_Cobre_Iron_Oxide_Cu-Au(-Zn-Ag)_Deposits_Chile

    [27]

    Marschik R, Singer B S, Munizaga F, et al.Age of Cu (-Fe)-Au mineralization and thermal evolution of the Punta del Cobre district, Chile[J].Mineralium Deposita, 1997, 32(6):531-546. doi: 10.1007/s001260050120

    [28]

    Taylor G K, Grocott J, Pope A, et al.Mesozoic fault systems, deformation and fault block rotation in the Andean forearc:a crustal scale strike-slip duplex in the Coastal Cordillera of northern Chile[J].Tectonophysics, 1998, 299(1):93-109. http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0040195198002005

    [29]

    Mpodozis C, Allmendinger R W.Extensional tectonics, Cretaceous Andes, northern Chile (27°S)[J].Geological Society of America Bulletin, 1993, 105(11):1462-1477. doi: 10.1130/0016-7606(1993)105<1462:ETCANC>2.3.CO;2

    [30]

    Perez E, Cooper M R, Covacevich V.Aptian ammonite-based age for the Pabellón Formation, Atacama Region, northern Chile[J].Andean Geology, 1990, 17(2):181-185. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/284565651_Aptian_ammonite-based_age_for_the_Pabellon_Formation_Atacama_Region_northern_Chile

    [31]

    Vila T.Geology of the Manto Verde copper deposit, northern Chile:a speculariterich, hydrothermal-tectonic breccia related to the Atacama fault zone[C]//Andean Copper Deposits:New Discoveries, Mineralization Styles and Metallogeny.Soc.Econ.Geol.Spec.Publ.1996, 5:157-169.

    [32]

    Orrego M, Zamora R.Manto Ruso:Un yacimiento de cobre ligado a la Falla de Atacama, Norte de Chile[J].Actas 6th Congr.Geol.Chileno.1991, 1:174-178.

    [33]

    Hopper D, Correa A.The Panulcillo and Teresa de Colmo copper deposits:Two contrasting examples of Fe-ox Cu-Au mineralization from the coastal Cordillera of Chile[C]//Porter T M.Hydrothermal iron oxide copper-gold and related deposits:A global perspective.Australian Mineral Foundation, Adelaide, 2000:177-189.

    [34]

    Cesar E, Vidal C, Injoque-Espinoza J, et al.Amphibolitic Cu-Fe skarn deposits in the central coast of Peru[J].Economic Geology, 1990, 85(7):1447-1461. doi: 10.2113/gsecongeo.85.7.1447

    [35]

    Vivallo W, Espinoza S, Henriquez F.Metasomatismo y alteración hidrotermal en el distrito ferrífero Cerro Negro Norte, Copiapó, Chile[J].Andean Geology, 1995, 22(1):75-88. http://www.researchgate.net/publication/273139884_Metasomatismo_y_alteracion_hidrotermal_en_el_Distrito_Ferrifero_Cerro_Negro_Norte_Copiapo_Chile

    Arévalo C. The Coastal Cordillera-Precordillera boundary in the Copiapó area, northern Chile and the structural setting of the Candelaria Cu-Au ore deposit. Kingston University, 1999.

    Arévalo C. Mapa Geológico de la Hoja Copiapó, Región de Atacama: Santiago,Chile, SERNAGEOMIN, Documentos de Trabajo 8, scale 1∶ 100000, 1995.

    Rotherham J F. Origin and Fluid Chemistry of the Starra Ironstones and High Grade Au- cu Mineralisation, Cloncurry District, Mount Isa Inlier, Australia. James Cook University of North Queensland, 1997.

    Haller A. The Raul-Condestable iron oxides-Cu-Au deposit, Lima department, Peru: preliminary results. Abstract volume & Field trip guidebook, 2000.

  • 加载中

(6)

(1)

计量
  • 文章访问数:  1326
  • PDF下载数:  18
  • 施引文献:  0
出版历程
收稿日期:  2017-03-20
修回日期:  2017-09-19
刊出日期:  2017-12-25

目录