Tailings Resource Characteristics and Multipurpose Utilization Suggestions of Panzhihua Vanadium-titanium Magnetite, SW China
-
摘要:
这是一篇矿业工程领域的论文。攀枝花是我国最大的钒钛磁铁矿资源基地，随着钒钛资源的开发利用，产出了巨量的尾矿，不仅占用大量土地，而且有用成分未能够被充分利用，造成资源浪费，同时还存在一定的安全、环境风险。本文选取了攀枝花地区22个具有代表性的尾矿库，开展尾矿资源潜力、有价元素赋存特征、可利用性、经济价值等系统研究。分析表明：攀枝花尾矿中含有大量的有价成分，潜在资源量巨大。其中铁金属量5200万t，平均品位10.87%，钛金属量为2907万t，平均品位6.08%，稀土金属量13.03万t，平均品位272 g/t，钴金属量4.23万t，平均品位88 g/t，钪金属量1.221万t，平均品位26 g/t，五氧化二磷总量249万t，平均品位0.52%。矿尾矿资源的综合利用主要有两个方向，一是二次开发利用，先进行铁、钛、硫、钴、磷等有价元素的回收利用；二是整体利用，在二次回收利用的基础上进行适当调配用于生产保温建筑材料、水泥、陶瓷、玻璃、耐火材料、土壤改良剂、混凝土和建筑用砂等。从而实现尾矿整体利用，最终解决尾矿资源化、减量化、无害化问题。
Abstract:This is an essay in the field of mining engineering. Panzhihua is the largest vanadium-titanium magnetite resource base in China. With the development and utilization of vanadium titanium resources, a large number of tailings have been produced, which not only occupies a lot of lands but also useful ingredients are not fully utilized, resulting in resource waste. At the same time, there are certain safety and environmental risks. This paper selects 22 representative tailings ponds in the Panzhihua area to conduct systematic research on tailings resource potential, valuable element occurrence characteristics, availability, and economic value. Analysis shows that Panzhihua tailings contain a large number of valuable components and have a huge potential resource. The amount of iron metallicity is 52 million tons, with an average grade of 10.87%, titanium metallicity is 29.07 million tons, with an average grade of 6.08%, rare earth metallicity is 130300 tons, with an average grade of 272 g/t, cobalt metallicity is 42300 tons, with an average grade of 88 g/t, scandium metallicity is 122100 tons, with an average grade of 26 g/t, and the Phosphorus pentoxide is 2.49 million tons, with an average grade of 0.52%. There are two main directions for the multipurpose utilization of mineral tailings resources. One is secondary development and utilization, with advanced recovery and utilization of valuable elements such as iron, titanium, sulfur, cobalt, and phosphorus. The second is overall utilization, which is based on secondary recycling and appropriate allocation for the production of insulation building materials, cement, ceramics, glass, refractory materials, soil amendments, concrete, and construction sand. To achieve the overall utilization of tailings and ultimately solve the problems of tailings resource utilization, reduction, and harmless treatment.
-
-
表 1 攀枝花钒钛磁铁矿尾矿调查结果
Table 1. Survey results of Panzhihua vanadium-titanium magnetite tailings
序号 尾矿库名称 剖面号 TFe/% TiO2/% TREO/(g/t) S/% Co/(g/t) Sc/(g/t) P2O5/% 堆存量/万t 1 白马青岗坪 L01 9.70 3.30 86.1 0.56 95.9 26.5 0.26 3456 2 白马万碾沟 L01 11.15 3.32 73.0 0.49 95.0 15.7 0.092 6655 L02 11.42 3.42 42.7 0.38 112 14.6 0.092 3 经质白沙沟 L01 8.80 7.40 646 0.19 68.5 26.6 0.61 1556 4 白草油房沟 L01 12.01 5.36 507 0.27 124 23.1 0.79 2268 L02 13.79 8.44 897 0.57 109 21.6 0.68 L03 13.40 6.25 539 0.32 110 21.2 0.76 5 潘家田南坝山 L01 9.45 5.60 357 0.53 74.0 15.7 1.46 2187 L02 9.46 5.22 302 0.42 65.2 19.4 1.10 L03 11.38 3.53 68.1 0.57 99.5 17.1 0.099 6 秀水河三道拐 L01 11.09 6.84 149 0.068 87.8 30.0 0.32 1019 L02 10.18 5.91 132 0.11 82.2 32.4 0.28 7 秀水河漂水崖 L01 13.09 8.71 152 0.20 170 29.0 0.40 455 8 一立钒钛 L01 9.05 4.16 57.0 0.23 59.9 30.4 0.10 1164 9 中天矿业 L01 16.78 10.26 136 0.18 134 28.0 0.24 99 10 天龙尾矿库 L01 10.45 6.46 160 0.026 100 38.9 0.18 240 11 中钛矿业有限公司 L01 11.75 8.29 383 0.34 63.8 23.5 0.84 463 L02 12.05 9.45 368 0.054 67.3 26.5 0.40 L03 8.83 4.77 318 0.042 61.8 26.0 1.33 L04 11.10 8.19 210 0.21 138 22.3 0.58 12 龙蟒牛望田 L01 9.71 4.47 257 0.26 103 29.3 0.28 4178 L02 9.48 4.02 257 0.24 96.5 29.8 0.27 13 远达矿业 L01 9.87 5.43 385 0.052 60.6 14.8 1.39 378 14 攀矿马家田 L01 10.15 5.02 43.8 0.45 77.4 33.6 0.042 21467 L02 9.40 5.81 42.6 0.42 83.2 32.6 0.042 15 红发尾矿库 L01 9.33 4.81 220 0.12 65.7 31.7 0.34 427 16 鑫元尾矿库 L01 9.56 4.98 213 0.091 76.3 32.7 0.40 65 17 三友尾矿库 L01 8.95 10.38 313 0.043 100 24.9 0.72 75 18 忠发干堆场 L01 8.53 4.23 334 0.042 67.3 25.8 0.53 101 19 先力矿业 L01 8.85 4.38 234 0.25 54.6 22.6 0.57 258 20 二滩拉扯沟 L01 12.23 4.54 358 0.065 47.9 24.8 0.61 390 21 二滩尾矿库 L01 12.54 6.76 284 0.087 85.8 25.7 0.41 235 22 龙蟒荞地箐 L01 15.28 10.90 466 0.28 82.90 26.35 1.01 693.3 潜在资源量（万t） 5200.46 2907.57 13.03 118.27 4.23 1.22 249.68 47829 平均品位 10.87 6.08 272.43 0.25 88.46 25.55 0.52 
下载: 导出CSV
表 2 荞地箐尾矿库矿物相组成分析
Table 2. Mineral phase multipurpose analysis of Qiudiqing tailings pond
矿物名称 含量/% 矿物名称 含量/% 钛磁铁矿 7.57 云母 1.6 钛铁矿 19.59 角闪石 0.94 磁黄铁矿 0.06 绿泥石 0.69 黄铁矿 0.8 帘石 0.25 蓝铜矿-斑铜矿 0.23 石榴石 0.56 磷灰石 2.12 石英 0.09 赤、褐铁矿 30.37 榍石 0.06 辉石-钛辉石 43.27 黏土矿物 0.04 橄榄石 5.34 锆石 0.04 长石 16.31
下载: 导出CSV
-
[1] 李玉凤, 包景岭, 张锦瑞. 铁尾矿资源开发利用现状分析[J]. 中国矿业, 2015, 24(11):77-81+121. LI Y F, BAO J L, ZHANG J R. Status analysis of iron tailings comprehensive utilization[J]. China Mining Magazine, 2015, 24(11):77-81+121.
LI Y F, BAO J L, ZHANG J R. Status analysis of iron tailings comprehensive utilization[J]. China Mining Magazine, 2015, 24(11): 77-81+121.
[2] 唐湘华. 锡矿山锑矿保安矿柱安全开采技术研究与应用[J]. 湖南有色金属, 2015, 31(1):5-7. TANG X H. Research and application of safe mining technology for security pillar of antimony mine in tin mine[J]. Hunan Nonferrous Metals, 2015, 31(1):5-7.
TANG X H. Research and application of safe mining technology for security pillar of antimony mine in tin mine[J]. Hunan Nonferrous Metals, 2015, 31(1): 5-7.
[3] 杨小平, 祝禄发, 于水. 重要建(构)筑物下保安矿柱开采实验研究[J]. 采矿技术, 2012, 12(5):7-8+24. YANG X P, ZHU L F, YU S. Experimental study on the mining of security pillars under important buildings[J]. Mining Technology, 2012, 12(5):7-8+24.
YANG X P, ZHU L F, YU S. Experimental study on the mining of security pillars under important buildings[J]. Mining Technology, 2012, 12(5): 7-8+24.
[4] 翟文斌. 探采结合在锡矿山锑矿开采中的实践[J]. 湖南有色金属, 2015, 31(2):5-7+10. ZHAI W B. Study on structure parameter of non-pillar sublevel caving in some mine[J]. Hunan Nonferrous Metals, 2015, 31(2):5-7+10.
ZHAI W B. Study on structure parameter of non-pillar sublevel caving in some mine[J]. Hunan Nonferrous Metals, 2015, 31(2): 5-7+10.
[5] 雷力, 周兴龙, 李家毓, 等. 我国矿山尾矿资源综合利用现状与思考[J]. 矿业快报, 2008(9):5-8. LEI L, ZHOU X L, LI J Y, et al. Status quo and pondering on the comprehensive utilization of mining tailings resources in China[J]. Express Information of Mining Industry, 2008(9):5-8.
LEI L, ZHOU X L, LI J Y, et al. Status quo and pondering on the comprehensive utilization of mining tailings resources in China[J]. Express Information of Mining Industry, 2008(9): 5-8.
[6] 蒲含勇, 张应红. 论我国矿产资源的综合利用[J]. 矿产综合利用, 2001(4):19-23. PU H Y, ZHANG Y H. Effect of non-ionic dispersants on the stability of colloidal silica[J]. Multipurpose Utilization of Mineral Resources, 2001(4):19-23.
PU H Y, ZHANG Y H. Effect of non-ionic dispersants on the stability of colloidal silica[J]. Multipurpose Utilization of Mineral Resources, 2001(4): 19-23.
[7] 王茜, 廖阮颖子, 田小林, 等. 四川省攀西地区钒钛磁铁矿[M]: 北京: 科学出版社, 2015.
WANG Q, LIAO R Y Z, TIAN X L, et al. Vanadium titano-magnetite deposits in the Panxi region, Sichuan province[M]. Beijing: Science Press, 2015.
[8] 王录锋, 代长富. 从攀枝花钒钛磁铁矿中回收钪研究进展[J]. 矿产综合利用, 2022(4): 21-26.
WANG L F, DAI C F. Research progress on recovery of scandium from vanadium titano- magnetite in Panzhihua [J]. Multipurpose Utilization of Mineral Resources, 2022(4): 21-26.
[9] 黄霞光, 罗国清, 李亚平. 攀西钒钛磁铁矿中钪的赋存状态研究[J]. 有色金属(选矿部分), 2016(6):1-4. HUANG X G, LUO G Q, LI Y P. Study on the occurrence state of scandium in Panxi vanadium-titanium magnetite[J]. Nonferrous Metals Mineral Processing Section, 2016(6):1-4.
HUANG X G, LUO G Q, LI Y P. Study on the occurrence state of scandium in Panxi vanadium-titanium magnetite[J]. Nonferrous Metals Mineral Processing Section, 2016(6): 1-4.
[10] 惠博, 杨耀辉. 攀西红格矿区橄辉岩型钒钛磁铁矿矿石性质研究及对选矿工艺的影响[J]. 矿产综合利用, 2020(4):126-129. HUI B, YANG Y H. Properties of olive-pyroxene vanadium-titanium magnetite ore in Hongge mining area of Panxi research and influence on mineral processing technology[J]. Multipurpose Utilization of Mineral Resources, 2020(4):126-129.
HUI B, YANG Y H. Properties of olive-pyroxene vanadium-titanium magnetite ore in Hongge mining area of Panxi research and influence on mineral processing technology[J]. Multipurpose Utilization of Mineral Resources, 2020(4): 126-129.
[11] XIAO J H, CHEN C, DING W, et al. Extraction of phosphorous from a phosphorous-containing vanadium titano-magnetite tailings by direct flotation[J]. Processes, 2020(8):874.
[12] 朱志敏, 刘应冬, 陈超, 等. 攀枝花矿业城市矿山地质环境调查成果报告[R]. 成都: 中国地质科学院矿产综合利用研究所, 2021.
ZHU Z M, LIU Y D, CHEN C, et al. Report of mining geo-environment survey of the Panzhihua mining city[R]. Chengdu: Institute of Multipurpose Utilization of Mineral Resources, CAGS, 2021.
[13] 吕子虎, 赵登魁, 程宏伟, 等. 某钒钛磁铁矿尾矿资源化利用[J]. 有色金属(选矿部分), 2020(1):55-58. LV Z H, ZHAO D K, CHENG H W, et al. Resource utilization of titanomagnetite tailings[J]. Nonferrous Metals(Mineral Processing Section), 2020(1):55-58.
LV Z H, ZHAO D K, CHENG H W, et al. Resource utilization of titanomagnetite tailings[J]. Nonferrous Metals Mineral Processing Section, 2020(1): 55-58.
[14] 印万忠, 徐东, 杨耀辉, 等. 承德某钒钛磁铁矿尾矿资源化利用技术研究[J]. 矿产综合利用, 2020(6):37-42. YIN W Z, XU D, YANG Y H, et al. Research on the recycling technology for a vanadium-titanium magnetite tailings in Chengde[J]. Multipurpose Utilization of Mineral Resources, 2020(6):37-42.
YIN W Z, XU D, YANG Y H, et al. Research on the recycling technology for a vanadium-titanium magnetite tailings in Chengde[J]. Multipurpose Utilization of Mineral Resources, 2020(6): 37-42.
[15] 刘能云, 陈超, 张裕书, 等. 从尾矿中回收钛铁矿的试验研究[J]. 矿冶工程, 2020, 40(1):65-68. LIU N Y, CHEN C, ZHANG Y S, et al. Experimental study on recovery of ilmenite from tailings[J]. Mining and Metallurgical Engineering, 2020, 40(1):65-68.
LIU N Y, CHEN C, ZHANG Y S, et al. Experimental study on recovery of ilmenite from tailings[J]. Mining and Metallurgical Engineering, 2020, 40(1): 65-68.
[16] 邹锋, 殷志刚, 陈思竹. 攀枝花白马选铁尾矿综合回收利用研究[J]. 矿产综合利用, 2020(6):19-25. ZOU F, YIN Z G, CHEN S Z. Research on comprehensive utilization of iron tailings from Baima Panzhihua[J]. Multipurpose Utilization of Mineral Resources, 2020(6):19-25.
ZOU F, YIN Z G, CHEN S Z. Research on comprehensive utilization of iron tailings from Baima Panzhihua[J]. Multipurpose Utilization of Mineral Resources, 2020(6): 19-25.
[17] 李凤霞. 浅析我国尾矿库与尾矿堆积坝的特点[J]. 企业导报, 2014(8):121-122. LI F X. Brief analysis of characteristics of tailings ponds and tailings stacking DAMS in China[J]. Enterprise Guide, 2014(8):121-122.
LI F X. Brief analysis of characteristics of tailings ponds and tailings stacking DAMS in China [J]. Enterprise Guide, 2014 (8): 121-122.
[18] 徐宏达. 上游式尾矿坝的沉积规律[J]. 有色矿山, 2003(32):40-49. XU H D. Sedimentary law of upstream tailings DAMS[J]. Nonferrous Mines, 2003(32):40-49.
XU H D. Sedimentary law of upstream tailings DAMS [J]. Nonferrous Mines, 2003 (32): 40-49.
[19] 李潇雨, 朱志敏, 周家云, 等. 钒钛磁铁矿尾矿资源调查取样方法比较——以红格尾矿库为例[J]. 矿产综合利用, 2020(6):96-99+47. LI X Y, ZHU Z M, ZHOU J Y, et al. Comparison of sampling methods for investigation of vanadium-titanium magnetite tailings resources - taking Honggetailings pond as an example[J]. Multipurpose Utilization of Mineral Resources, 2020(6):96-99+47.
LI X Y, ZHU Z M, ZHOU J Y, et al. Comparison of sampling methods for investigation of vanadium-titanium magnetite tailings resources -- taking Honggetailings pond as an example[J]. Multipurpose Utilization of Mineral Resources, 2020(6): 96-99+47.
[20] 王洛锋. 尾矿资源调查方法探讨与实践[J]. 中国钨业, 2017(32):55-58+74. WANG L F. Investigation method and practice of tailings resources[J]. China Tungsten Industry, 2017(32):55-58+74.
WANG L F. Investigation method and practice of tailings resources [J]. China Tungsten Industry, 2017 (32): 55-5.
[21] 杨耀辉, 惠博, 廖祥文, 等. 红格低品位难选橄辉岩型钒钛磁铁矿石选矿试验[J]. 金属矿山, 2016(10):77-82. YANG Y H, HUI B, LIAO X W, et al. Beneficiation test on low-grade and refractory olivine-pyroxenite type vanadium-titanium magnetic ore from Hongge[J]. Metal Mine, 2016(10):77-82.
YANG Y H, HUI B, LIAO X W, et al. Beneficiation test on low-grade and refractory olivine-pyroxenite type vanadium-titanium magnetic ore from Hongge[J]. Metal Mine, 2016(10): 77-82.
[22] 邓建, 杨耀辉, 王洪彬, 等. 攀西某选铁尾矿中钛铁矿浮选药剂优化试验研究[J]. 钢铁钒钛, 2022, 43(3):77-83. DENG J, YANG Y H, WANG H B, et al. Experimental study on optimization of flotation reagents for ilmenite from an iron dressing tailing in Panxi area[J]. Iron Steel Vanadium Titanium, 2022, 43(3):77-83.
DENG J, YANG Y H, WANG H B, et al. Experimental study on optimization of flotation reagents for ilmenite from an iron dressing tailing in Panxi area[J]. Iron Steel Vanadium Titanium, 2022, 43(3): 77-83.
[23] 邓杰, 张渊, 刘飞燕, 等. 钒钛磁铁矿选铁尾矿中硫钴资源综合回收研究[J]. 有色金属(选矿部分), 2015(2):30-33+48. DENG J, ZHANG Y, LIU F Y, et al. Recovery of cobalt and sulfur from the iron ore tailing of vanadium-titanium magnetite[J]. Nonferrous Metals (Mineral Processing Section), 2015(2):30-33+48.
DENG J, ZHANG Y, LIU F Y, et al. Recovery of cobalt and sulfur from the iron ore tailing of vanadium-titanium magnetite[J]. Nonferrous Metals (Mineral Processing Section) , 2015(2): 30-33+48.
[24] 朱志敏, 刘飞燕, 邓冰. 四川攀枝花钒钛磁铁矿中稀土的赋存状态与综合利用[C]. 第九届全国成矿理论与找矿方法学术讨论会论文摘要集. 2019: 427.
ZHU Z M, LIU F Y, DENG B. Occurrence state and multipurpose utilization of rare earth in Panzhihua vanadium titanium magnetite, Sichuan[C]. Summary of papers from the 9th National Symposium on Metallogenic Theory and Prospecting Methods. 2019: 427.
[25] 王浚杰, 肖军辉, 张烨毓, 等. 从攀西地区含钪钒钛磁铁矿尾矿中回收钪研究[J]. 矿冶工程, 2021, 41(6):61-64. WANG J J, XIAO J H, ZHANG H Y, et al. Recovery of scandium resource from Sc-bearing vanadium-titanium magnetite tailings in Panxi region[J]. Mining and Metallurgical Engineering, 2021, 41(6):61-64.
WANG J J, XIAO J H, ZHANG H Y, et al. Recovery of scandium resource from Sc-bearing vanadium-titanium magnetite tailings in Panxi region[J]. Mining and Metallurgical Engineering, 2021, 41(6): 61-64.
[26] 陈超, 张裕书, 李潇雨, 等. 攀西某钒钛磁铁矿尾矿中磷的回收实验研究[J]. 矿产综合利用, 2021(4):165-169. CHEN C, ZHANG Y S, LI X Y, et al. Recovery of phosphorus from a vanadium titanium magnetite tailing in Panxi[J]. Multipurpose Utilization of Mineral Resources, 2021(4):165-169.
CHEN C, ZHANG Y S, LI X Y, et al. Recovery of phosphorus from a vanadium titanium magnetite tailing in Panxi [J]. Multipurpose Utilization of Mineral Resources, 2021(4): 165-169.
[27] 陈永亮, 张一敏, 陈铁军. 铁尾矿建材资源化研究进展[J]. 金属矿山, 2009(1): 162-165.
CHEN Y L, ZHANG Y M, CHEN T J. Progress in research of using iron tailings as building material resource[J]. Metal Mine, 2009(1): 162-165.
[28] 李林, 姜涛, 陈超, 等. 攀西钒钛磁铁矿尾矿制备储水泡沫陶瓷的研究[J]. 矿产综合利用, 2020(6):7-13+6. LI L, JIANG T, CHEN C, et al. Comprehensive utilization of blast furnace slag containing titanium[J]. Multipurpose Utilization of Mineral Resources, 2020(6):7-13+6.
LI L, JIANG T, CHEN C, et al. Comprehensive utilization of blast furnace slag containing titanium[J]. Multipurpose Utilization of Mineral Resources, 2020(6): 7-13+6.
[29] 刘海军, 赵丽丽. 钒钛磁铁矿尾矿的活化及用作水泥混合材的试验研究[J]. 钢铁钒钛, 2020, 41(4):97-102. LIU H J, ZHAO L L. Activation of vanadium-titanium magnetite tailing and its application as cement admixture[J]. Iron Steel Vanadium Titanium, 2020, 41(4):97-102.
LIU H J, ZHAO L L. Activation of vanadium-titanium magnetite tailing and its application as cement admixture[J]. Iron Steel Vanadium Titanium, 2020, 41(4): 97-102.
[30] 杨飞, 孙晓敏. 利用钒钛磁铁矿尾矿制备普通硅酸盐水泥熟料的研究[J]. 钢铁钒钛, 2020, 41(2):75-81. YANG F, SUN X M. Preparation of ordinary Portland cement clinker from vanadium-titanium magnetite tailing[J]. Iron Steel Vanadium Titanium, 2020, 41(2):75-81.
YANG F, SUN X M. Preparation of ordinary Portland cement clinker from vanadium-titanium magnetite tailing[J]. Iron Steel Vanadium Titanium, 2020, 41(2): 75-81.
[31] 李华彬, 何安西, 邓天秀, 等. 尾矿瓷质砖配方及烧成工艺研究[J]. 中国陶瓷, 1999(1):31-33. LI H B, HE A X, DENG T X, et al. Research on the proportioning schedule and sintering-shaping process of ceramic tile with the tailings of V-bearing titanium magnetite[J]. China Ceramics, 1999(1):31-33.
LI H B, HE A X, DENG T X. Research on the proportioning schedule and sintering-shaping process of ceramic tile with the tailings of V-bearing titanium magnetite[J]. China Ceramics, 1999(1): 31-33.
[32] 刘应冬, 徐力, 陈超, 等. 攀枝花钒钛磁铁矿尾矿资源及综合利用[C]. 第九届全国成矿理论与找矿方法学术讨论会论文摘要集. 2019: 422.
LIU Y D, XU L, CHEN C, et al. Tailings resources and multipurpose utilization of Panzhihua vanadium titanium magnetite [C]. Summary of papers from the 9th National Symposium on Metallogenic Theory and Prospecting Methods. 2019: 422.
[33] 陈桃, 简胜, 谢贤, 等. 钒钛磁铁矿尾矿综合利用研究进展[J]. 矿产保护与利用, 2021, 41(2):174-178. CHEN T, JIAN S, XIE X, et al. Research progress on comprehensive utilization of vanadium-titanium magnetite tailings[J]. Conservation and Utilization of Mineral Resources, 2021, 41(2):174-178.
CHEN T, JIAN S, XIE X, et al. Research progress on comprehensive utilization of vanadium-titanium magnetite tailings[J]. Conservation and Utilization of Mineral Resources, 2021, 41(2): 174-178.
-